init.c 11 KB

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  1. #include <linux/ioport.h>
  2. #include <linux/swap.h>
  3. #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  4. #include <asm/e820.h>
  5. #include <asm/init.h>
  6. #include <asm/page.h>
  7. #include <asm/page_types.h>
  8. #include <asm/sections.h>
  9. #include <asm/system.h>
  10. #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  11. unsigned long __initdata e820_table_start;
  12. unsigned long __meminitdata e820_table_end;
  13. unsigned long __meminitdata e820_table_top;
  14. int after_bootmem;
  15. int direct_gbpages
  16. #ifdef CONFIG_DIRECT_GBPAGES
  17. = 1
  18. #endif
  19. ;
  20. int nx_enabled;
  21. #if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE)
  22. static int disable_nx __cpuinitdata;
  23. /*
  24. * noexec = on|off
  25. *
  26. * Control non-executable mappings for processes.
  27. *
  28. * on Enable
  29. * off Disable
  30. */
  31. static int __init noexec_setup(char *str)
  32. {
  33. if (!str)
  34. return -EINVAL;
  35. if (!strncmp(str, "on", 2)) {
  36. __supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_NX;
  37. disable_nx = 0;
  38. } else if (!strncmp(str, "off", 3)) {
  39. disable_nx = 1;
  40. __supported_pte_mask &= ~_PAGE_NX;
  41. }
  42. return 0;
  43. }
  44. early_param("noexec", noexec_setup);
  45. #endif
  46. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
  47. static void __init set_nx(void)
  48. {
  49. unsigned int v[4], l, h;
  50. if (cpu_has_pae && (cpuid_eax(0x80000000) > 0x80000001)) {
  51. cpuid(0x80000001, &v[0], &v[1], &v[2], &v[3]);
  52. if ((v[3] & (1 << 20)) && !disable_nx) {
  53. rdmsr(MSR_EFER, l, h);
  54. l |= EFER_NX;
  55. wrmsr(MSR_EFER, l, h);
  56. nx_enabled = 1;
  57. __supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_NX;
  58. }
  59. }
  60. }
  61. #else
  62. static inline void set_nx(void)
  63. {
  64. }
  65. #endif
  66. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  67. void __cpuinit check_efer(void)
  68. {
  69. unsigned long efer;
  70. rdmsrl(MSR_EFER, efer);
  71. if (!(efer & EFER_NX) || disable_nx)
  72. __supported_pte_mask &= ~_PAGE_NX;
  73. }
  74. #endif
  75. static void __init find_early_table_space(unsigned long end, int use_pse,
  76. int use_gbpages)
  77. {
  78. unsigned long puds, pmds, ptes, tables, start;
  79. puds = (end + PUD_SIZE - 1) >> PUD_SHIFT;
  80. tables = roundup(puds * sizeof(pud_t), PAGE_SIZE);
  81. if (use_gbpages) {
  82. unsigned long extra;
  83. extra = end - ((end>>PUD_SHIFT) << PUD_SHIFT);
  84. pmds = (extra + PMD_SIZE - 1) >> PMD_SHIFT;
  85. } else
  86. pmds = (end + PMD_SIZE - 1) >> PMD_SHIFT;
  87. tables += roundup(pmds * sizeof(pmd_t), PAGE_SIZE);
  88. if (use_pse) {
  89. unsigned long extra;
  90. extra = end - ((end>>PMD_SHIFT) << PMD_SHIFT);
  91. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  92. extra += PMD_SIZE;
  93. #endif
  94. ptes = (extra + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  95. } else
  96. ptes = (end + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  97. tables += roundup(ptes * sizeof(pte_t), PAGE_SIZE);
  98. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  99. /* for fixmap */
  100. tables += roundup(__end_of_fixed_addresses * sizeof(pte_t), PAGE_SIZE);
  101. #endif
  102. /*
  103. * RED-PEN putting page tables only on node 0 could
  104. * cause a hotspot and fill up ZONE_DMA. The page tables
  105. * need roughly 0.5KB per GB.
  106. */
  107. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  108. start = 0x7000;
  109. e820_table_start = find_e820_area(start, max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT,
  110. tables, PAGE_SIZE);
  111. #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
  112. start = 0x8000;
  113. e820_table_start = find_e820_area(start, end, tables, PAGE_SIZE);
  114. #endif
  115. if (e820_table_start == -1UL)
  116. panic("Cannot find space for the kernel page tables");
  117. e820_table_start >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
  118. e820_table_end = e820_table_start;
  119. e820_table_top = e820_table_start + (tables >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  120. printk(KERN_DEBUG "kernel direct mapping tables up to %lx @ %lx-%lx\n",
  121. end, e820_table_start << PAGE_SHIFT, e820_table_top << PAGE_SHIFT);
  122. }
  123. struct map_range {
  124. unsigned long start;
  125. unsigned long end;
  126. unsigned page_size_mask;
  127. };
  128. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  129. #define NR_RANGE_MR 3
  130. #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
  131. #define NR_RANGE_MR 5
  132. #endif
  133. static int __meminit save_mr(struct map_range *mr, int nr_range,
  134. unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn,
  135. unsigned long page_size_mask)
  136. {
  137. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  138. if (nr_range >= NR_RANGE_MR)
  139. panic("run out of range for init_memory_mapping\n");
  140. mr[nr_range].start = start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
  141. mr[nr_range].end = end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
  142. mr[nr_range].page_size_mask = page_size_mask;
  143. nr_range++;
  144. }
  145. return nr_range;
  146. }
  147. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  148. static void __init init_gbpages(void)
  149. {
  150. if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
  151. printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
  152. else
  153. direct_gbpages = 0;
  154. }
  155. #else
  156. static inline void init_gbpages(void)
  157. {
  158. }
  159. #endif
  160. /*
  161. * Setup the direct mapping of the physical memory at PAGE_OFFSET.
  162. * This runs before bootmem is initialized and gets pages directly from
  163. * the physical memory. To access them they are temporarily mapped.
  164. */
  165. unsigned long __init_refok init_memory_mapping(unsigned long start,
  166. unsigned long end)
  167. {
  168. unsigned long page_size_mask = 0;
  169. unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
  170. unsigned long ret = 0;
  171. unsigned long pos;
  172. struct map_range mr[NR_RANGE_MR];
  173. int nr_range, i;
  174. int use_pse, use_gbpages;
  175. printk(KERN_INFO "init_memory_mapping: %016lx-%016lx\n", start, end);
  176. if (!after_bootmem)
  177. init_gbpages();
  178. #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
  179. /*
  180. * For CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, identity mapping will use small pages.
  181. * This will simplify cpa(), which otherwise needs to support splitting
  182. * large pages into small in interrupt context, etc.
  183. */
  184. use_pse = use_gbpages = 0;
  185. #else
  186. use_pse = cpu_has_pse;
  187. use_gbpages = direct_gbpages;
  188. #endif
  189. set_nx();
  190. if (nx_enabled)
  191. printk(KERN_INFO "NX (Execute Disable) protection: active\n");
  192. /* Enable PSE if available */
  193. if (cpu_has_pse)
  194. set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PSE);
  195. /* Enable PGE if available */
  196. if (cpu_has_pge) {
  197. set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PGE);
  198. __supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_GLOBAL;
  199. }
  200. if (use_gbpages)
  201. page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_1G;
  202. if (use_pse)
  203. page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_2M;
  204. memset(mr, 0, sizeof(mr));
  205. nr_range = 0;
  206. /* head if not big page alignment ? */
  207. start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  208. pos = start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
  209. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  210. /*
  211. * Don't use a large page for the first 2/4MB of memory
  212. * because there are often fixed size MTRRs in there
  213. * and overlapping MTRRs into large pages can cause
  214. * slowdowns.
  215. */
  216. if (pos == 0)
  217. end_pfn = 1<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  218. else
  219. end_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
  220. << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  221. #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
  222. end_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1)) >> PMD_SHIFT)
  223. << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  224. #endif
  225. if (end_pfn > (end >> PAGE_SHIFT))
  226. end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  227. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  228. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
  229. pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
  230. }
  231. /* big page (2M) range */
  232. start_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
  233. << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  234. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  235. end_pfn = (end>>PMD_SHIFT) << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  236. #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
  237. end_pfn = ((pos + (PUD_SIZE - 1))>>PUD_SHIFT)
  238. << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  239. if (end_pfn > ((end>>PMD_SHIFT)<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)))
  240. end_pfn = ((end>>PMD_SHIFT)<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT));
  241. #endif
  242. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  243. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
  244. page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
  245. pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
  246. }
  247. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  248. /* big page (1G) range */
  249. start_pfn = ((pos + (PUD_SIZE - 1))>>PUD_SHIFT)
  250. << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  251. end_pfn = (end >> PUD_SHIFT) << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  252. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  253. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
  254. page_size_mask &
  255. ((1<<PG_LEVEL_2M)|(1<<PG_LEVEL_1G)));
  256. pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
  257. }
  258. /* tail is not big page (1G) alignment */
  259. start_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
  260. << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  261. end_pfn = (end >> PMD_SHIFT) << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
  262. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  263. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
  264. page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
  265. pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
  266. }
  267. #endif
  268. /* tail is not big page (2M) alignment */
  269. start_pfn = pos>>PAGE_SHIFT;
  270. end_pfn = end>>PAGE_SHIFT;
  271. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
  272. /* try to merge same page size and continuous */
  273. for (i = 0; nr_range > 1 && i < nr_range - 1; i++) {
  274. unsigned long old_start;
  275. if (mr[i].end != mr[i+1].start ||
  276. mr[i].page_size_mask != mr[i+1].page_size_mask)
  277. continue;
  278. /* move it */
  279. old_start = mr[i].start;
  280. memmove(&mr[i], &mr[i+1],
  281. (nr_range - 1 - i) * sizeof(struct map_range));
  282. mr[i--].start = old_start;
  283. nr_range--;
  284. }
  285. for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
  286. printk(KERN_DEBUG " %010lx - %010lx page %s\n",
  287. mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
  288. (mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_1G))?"1G":(
  289. (mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M))?"2M":"4k"));
  290. /*
  291. * Find space for the kernel direct mapping tables.
  292. *
  293. * Later we should allocate these tables in the local node of the
  294. * memory mapped. Unfortunately this is done currently before the
  295. * nodes are discovered.
  296. */
  297. if (!after_bootmem)
  298. find_early_table_space(end, use_pse, use_gbpages);
  299. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  300. for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
  301. kernel_physical_mapping_init(mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
  302. mr[i].page_size_mask);
  303. ret = end;
  304. #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
  305. for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
  306. ret = kernel_physical_mapping_init(mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
  307. mr[i].page_size_mask);
  308. #endif
  309. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  310. early_ioremap_page_table_range_init();
  311. load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
  312. #endif
  313. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  314. if (!after_bootmem)
  315. mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
  316. #endif
  317. __flush_tlb_all();
  318. if (!after_bootmem && e820_table_end > e820_table_start)
  319. reserve_early(e820_table_start << PAGE_SHIFT,
  320. e820_table_end << PAGE_SHIFT, "PGTABLE");
  321. if (!after_bootmem)
  322. early_memtest(start, end);
  323. return ret >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  324. }
  325. /*
  326. * devmem_is_allowed() checks to see if /dev/mem access to a certain address
  327. * is valid. The argument is a physical page number.
  328. *
  329. *
  330. * On x86, access has to be given to the first megabyte of ram because that area
  331. * contains bios code and data regions used by X and dosemu and similar apps.
  332. * Access has to be given to non-kernel-ram areas as well, these contain the PCI
  333. * mmio resources as well as potential bios/acpi data regions.
  334. */
  335. int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pagenr)
  336. {
  337. if (pagenr <= 256)
  338. return 1;
  339. if (iomem_is_exclusive(pagenr << PAGE_SHIFT))
  340. return 0;
  341. if (!page_is_ram(pagenr))
  342. return 1;
  343. return 0;
  344. }
  345. void free_init_pages(char *what, unsigned long begin, unsigned long end)
  346. {
  347. unsigned long addr = begin;
  348. if (addr >= end)
  349. return;
  350. /*
  351. * If debugging page accesses then do not free this memory but
  352. * mark them not present - any buggy init-section access will
  353. * create a kernel page fault:
  354. */
  355. #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
  356. printk(KERN_INFO "debug: unmapping init memory %08lx..%08lx\n",
  357. begin, PAGE_ALIGN(end));
  358. set_memory_np(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  359. #else
  360. /*
  361. * We just marked the kernel text read only above, now that
  362. * we are going to free part of that, we need to make that
  363. * writeable first.
  364. */
  365. set_memory_rw(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  366. printk(KERN_INFO "Freeing %s: %luk freed\n", what, (end - begin) >> 10);
  367. for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
  368. ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
  369. init_page_count(virt_to_page(addr));
  370. memset((void *)(addr & ~(PAGE_SIZE-1)),
  371. POISON_FREE_INITMEM, PAGE_SIZE);
  372. free_page(addr);
  373. totalram_pages++;
  374. }
  375. #endif
  376. }
  377. void free_initmem(void)
  378. {
  379. free_init_pages("unused kernel memory",
  380. (unsigned long)(&__init_begin),
  381. (unsigned long)(&__init_end));
  382. }
  383. #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
  384. void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
  385. {
  386. free_init_pages("initrd memory", start, end);
  387. }
  388. #endif