intel_pstate: Fix overflow in busy_scaled due to long delay

The kernel may delay interrupts for a long time which can result in timers
being delayed. If this occurs the intel_pstate driver will crash with a
divide by zero error:

divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: btrfs zlib_deflate raid6_pq xor msdos ext4 mbcache jbd2 binfmt_misc arc4 md4 nls_utf8 cifs dns_resolver tcp_lp bnep bluetooth rfkill fuse dm_service_time iscsi_tcp libiscsi_tcp libiscsi scsi_transport_iscsi nf_conntrack_netbios_ns nf_conntrack_broadcast nf_conntrack_ftp ip6t_rpfilter ip6t_REJECT ipt_REJECT xt_conntrack ebtable_nat ebtable_broute bridge stp llc ebtable_filter ebtables ip6table_nat nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_nat_ipv6 ip6table_mangle ip6table_security ip6table_raw ip6table_filter ip6_tables iptable_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat nf_conntrack iptable_mangle iptable_security iptable_raw iptable_filter ip_tables intel_powerclamp coretemp vfat fat kvm_intel iTCO_wdt iTCO_vendor_support ipmi_devintf sr_mod kvm crct10dif_pclmul
 crc32_pclmul crc32c_intel ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel cdc_ether lrw usbnet cdrom mii gf128mul glue_helper ablk_helper cryptd lpc_ich mfd_core pcspkr sb_edac edac_core ipmi_si ipmi_msghandler ioatdma wmi shpchp acpi_pad nfsd auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd uinput dm_multipath sunrpc xfs libcrc32c usb_storage sd_mod crc_t10dif crct10dif_common ixgbe mgag200 syscopyarea sysfillrect sysimgblt mdio drm_kms_helper ttm igb drm ptp pps_core dca i2c_algo_bit megaraid_sas i2c_core dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod
CPU: 113 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/113 Tainted: G        W   --------------   3.10.0-229.1.2.el7.x86_64 #1
Hardware name: IBM x3950 X6 -[3837AC2]-/00FN827, BIOS -[A8E112BUS-1.00]- 08/27/2014
task: ffff880fe8abe660 ti: ffff880fe8ae4000 task.ti: ffff880fe8ae4000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff814a9279>]  [<ffffffff814a9279>] intel_pstate_timer_func+0x179/0x3d0
RSP: 0018:ffff883fff4e3db8  EFLAGS: 00010206
RAX: 0000000027100000 RBX: ffff883fe6965100 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000010 RDI: 000000002e53632d
RBP: ffff883fff4e3e20 R08: 000e6f69a5a125c0 R09: ffff883fe84ec001
R10: 0000000000000002 R11: 0000000000000005 R12: 00000000000049f5
R13: 0000000000271000 R14: 00000000000049f5 R15: 0000000000000246
FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff883fff4e0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007f7668601000 CR3: 000000000190a000 CR4: 00000000001407e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Stack:
 ffff883fff4e3e58 ffffffff81099dc1 0000000000000086 0000000000000071
 ffff883fff4f3680 0000000000000071 fbdc8a965e33afee ffffffff810b69dd
 ffff883fe84ec000 ffff883fe6965108 0000000000000100 ffffffff814a9100
Call Trace:
 <IRQ>

 [<ffffffff81099dc1>] ? run_posix_cpu_timers+0x51/0x840
 [<ffffffff810b69dd>] ? trigger_load_balance+0x5d/0x200
 [<ffffffff814a9100>] ? pid_param_set+0x130/0x130
 [<ffffffff8107df56>] call_timer_fn+0x36/0x110
 [<ffffffff814a9100>] ? pid_param_set+0x130/0x130
 [<ffffffff8107fdcf>] run_timer_softirq+0x21f/0x320
 [<ffffffff81077b2f>] __do_softirq+0xef/0x280
 [<ffffffff816156dc>] call_softirq+0x1c/0x30
 [<ffffffff81015d95>] do_softirq+0x65/0xa0
 [<ffffffff81077ec5>] irq_exit+0x115/0x120
 [<ffffffff81616355>] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x45/0x60
 [<ffffffff81614a1d>] apic_timer_interrupt+0x6d/0x80
 <EOI>

 [<ffffffff814a9c32>] ? cpuidle_enter_state+0x52/0xc0
 [<ffffffff814a9c28>] ? cpuidle_enter_state+0x48/0xc0
 [<ffffffff814a9d65>] cpuidle_idle_call+0xc5/0x200
 [<ffffffff8101d14e>] arch_cpu_idle+0xe/0x30
 [<ffffffff810c67c1>] cpu_startup_entry+0xf1/0x290
 [<ffffffff8104228a>] start_secondary+0x1ba/0x230
Code: 42 0f 00 45 89 e6 48 01 c2 43 8d 44 6d 00 39 d0 73 26 49 c1 e5 08 89 d2 4d 63 f4 49 63 c5 48 c1 e2 08 48 c1 e0 08 48 63 ca 48 99 <48> f7 f9 48 98 4c 0f af f0 49 c1 ee 08 8b 43 78 c1 e0 08 44 29
RIP  [<ffffffff814a9279>] intel_pstate_timer_func+0x179/0x3d0
 RSP <ffff883fff4e3db8>

The kernel values for cpudata for CPU 113 were:

struct cpudata {
  cpu = 113,
  timer = {
    entry = {
      next = 0x0,
      prev = 0xdead000000200200
    },
    expires = 8357799745,
    base = 0xffff883fe84ec001,
    function = 0xffffffff814a9100 <intel_pstate_timer_func>,
    data = 18446612406765768960,
<snip>
    i_gain = 0,
    d_gain = 0,
    deadband = 0,
    last_err = 22489
  },
  last_sample_time = {
    tv64 = 4063132438017305
  },
  prev_aperf = 287326796397463,
  prev_mperf = 251427432090198,
  sample = {
    core_pct_busy = 23081,
    aperf = 2937407,
    mperf = 3257884,
    freq = 2524484,
    time = {
      tv64 = 4063149215234118
    }
  }
}

which results in the time between samples = last_sample_time - sample.time
= 4063149215234118 - 4063132438017305 = 16777216813 which is 16.777 seconds.

The duration between reads of the APERF and MPERF registers overflowed a s32
sized integer in intel_pstate_get_scaled_busy()'s call to div_fp().  The result
is that int_tofp(duration_us) == 0, and the kernel attempts to divide by 0.

While the kernel shouldn't be delaying for a long time, it can and does
happen and the intel_pstate driver should not panic in this situation.  This
patch changes the div_fp() function to use div64_s64() to allow for "long"
division.  This will avoid the overflow condition on long delays.

[v2]: use div64_s64() in div_fp()

Signed-off-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

drivers/cpufreq/intel_pstate.c

@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ static inline int32_t mul_fp(int32_t x, int32_t y)
 	return ((int64_t)x * (int64_t)y) >> FRAC_BITS;
 }
 
-static inline int32_t div_fp(int32_t x, int32_t y)
+static inline int32_t div_fp(s64 x, s64 y)
 {
-	return div_s64((int64_t)x << FRAC_BITS, y);
+	return div64_s64((int64_t)x << FRAC_BITS, y);
 }
 
 static inline int ceiling_fp(int32_t x)
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ static inline void intel_pstate_set_sample_time(struct cpudata *cpu)
 static inline int32_t intel_pstate_get_scaled_busy(struct cpudata *cpu)
 {
 	int32_t core_busy, max_pstate, current_pstate, sample_ratio;
-	u32 duration_us;
+	s64 duration_us;
 	u32 sample_time;
 
 	/*
@@ -829,8 +829,8 @@ static inline int32_t intel_pstate_get_scaled_busy(struct cpudata *cpu)
 	 * to adjust our busyness.
 	 */
 	sample_time = pid_params.sample_rate_ms  * USEC_PER_MSEC;
-	duration_us = (u32) ktime_us_delta(cpu->sample.time,
-					   cpu->last_sample_time);
+	duration_us = ktime_us_delta(cpu->sample.time,
+				     cpu->last_sample_time);
 	if (duration_us > sample_time * 3) {
 		sample_ratio = div_fp(int_tofp(sample_time),
 				      int_tofp(duration_us));