mm, gup: prevent pmd checking race in follow_pmd_mask()

mmap_sem will be read locked when calling follow_pmd_mask().  But this
cannot prevent PMD from being changed for all cases when PTL is
unlocked, for example, from pmd_trans_huge() to pmd_none() via
MADV_DONTNEED.  So it is possible for the pmd_present() check in
follow_pmd_mask() to encounter an invalid PMD.  This may cause an
incorrect VM_BUG_ON() or an infinite loop.  Fix this by reading the PMD
entry into a local variable with READ_ONCE() and checking the local
variable and pmd_none() in the retry loop.

As Kirill pointed out, with PTL unlocked, the *pmd may be changed under
us, so reading it directly again and again may incur weird bugs.  So
although using *pmd directly other than for pmd_present() checking may
be safe, it is still better to replace them to read *pmd once and check
the local variable multiple times.

When PTL unlocked, replace all *pmd with local variable was suggested by
Kirill.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180419083514.1365-1-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/gup.c

@@ -212,53 +212,69 @@ static struct page *follow_pmd_mask(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 				    unsigned long address, pud_t *pudp,
 				    unsigned int flags, unsigned int *page_mask)
 {
-	pmd_t *pmd;
+	pmd_t *pmd, pmdval;
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
 	struct page *page;
 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 
 	pmd = pmd_offset(pudp, address);
-	if (pmd_none(*pmd))
+	/*
+	 * The READ_ONCE() will stabilize the pmdval in a register or
+	 * on the stack so that it will stop changing under the code.
+	 */
+	pmdval = READ_ONCE(*pmd);
+	if (pmd_none(pmdval))
 		return no_page_table(vma, flags);
-	if (pmd_huge(*pmd) && vma->vm_flags & VM_HUGETLB) {
+	if (pmd_huge(pmdval) && vma->vm_flags & VM_HUGETLB) {
 		page = follow_huge_pmd(mm, address, pmd, flags);
 		if (page)
 			return page;
 		return no_page_table(vma, flags);
 	}
-	if (is_hugepd(__hugepd(pmd_val(*pmd)))) {
+	if (is_hugepd(__hugepd(pmd_val(pmdval)))) {
 		page = follow_huge_pd(vma, address,
-				      __hugepd(pmd_val(*pmd)), flags,
+				      __hugepd(pmd_val(pmdval)), flags,
 				      PMD_SHIFT);
 		if (page)
 			return page;
 		return no_page_table(vma, flags);
 	}
 retry:
-	if (!pmd_present(*pmd)) {
+	if (!pmd_present(pmdval)) {
 		if (likely(!(flags & FOLL_MIGRATION)))
 			return no_page_table(vma, flags);
 		VM_BUG_ON(thp_migration_supported() &&
-				  !is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd));
-		if (is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd))
+				  !is_pmd_migration_entry(pmdval));
+		if (is_pmd_migration_entry(pmdval))
 			pmd_migration_entry_wait(mm, pmd);
+		pmdval = READ_ONCE(*pmd);
+		/*
+		 * MADV_DONTNEED may convert the pmd to null because
+		 * mmap_sem is held in read mode
+		 */
+		if (pmd_none(pmdval))
+			return no_page_table(vma, flags);
 		goto retry;
 	}
-	if (pmd_devmap(*pmd)) {
+	if (pmd_devmap(pmdval)) {
 		ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
 		page = follow_devmap_pmd(vma, address, pmd, flags);
 		spin_unlock(ptl);
 		if (page)
 			return page;
 	}
-	if (likely(!pmd_trans_huge(*pmd)))
+	if (likely(!pmd_trans_huge(pmdval)))
 		return follow_page_pte(vma, address, pmd, flags);
 
-	if ((flags & FOLL_NUMA) && pmd_protnone(*pmd))
+	if ((flags & FOLL_NUMA) && pmd_protnone(pmdval))
 		return no_page_table(vma, flags);
 
 retry_locked:
 	ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
+	if (unlikely(pmd_none(*pmd))) {
+		spin_unlock(ptl);
+		return no_page_table(vma, flags);
+	}
 	if (unlikely(!pmd_present(*pmd))) {
 		spin_unlock(ptl);
 		if (likely(!(flags & FOLL_MIGRATION)))