spi.h 26 KB

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  1. /*
  2. * Copyright (C) 2005 David Brownell
  3. *
  4. * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  5. * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  6. * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  7. * (at your option) any later version.
  8. *
  9. * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10. * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11. * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
  12. * GNU General Public License for more details.
  13. *
  14. * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  15. * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  16. * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  17. */
  18. #ifndef __LINUX_SPI_H
  19. #define __LINUX_SPI_H
  20. /*
  21. * INTERFACES between SPI master-side drivers and SPI infrastructure.
  22. * (There's no SPI slave support for Linux yet...)
  23. */
  24. extern struct bus_type spi_bus_type;
  25. /**
  26. * struct spi_device - Master side proxy for an SPI slave device
  27. * @dev: Driver model representation of the device.
  28. * @master: SPI controller used with the device.
  29. * @max_speed_hz: Maximum clock rate to be used with this chip
  30. * (on this board); may be changed by the device's driver.
  31. * The spi_transfer.speed_hz can override this for each transfer.
  32. * @chip_select: Chipselect, distinguishing chips handled by @master.
  33. * @mode: The spi mode defines how data is clocked out and in.
  34. * This may be changed by the device's driver.
  35. * The "active low" default for chipselect mode can be overridden
  36. * (by specifying SPI_CS_HIGH) as can the "MSB first" default for
  37. * each word in a transfer (by specifying SPI_LSB_FIRST).
  38. * @bits_per_word: Data transfers involve one or more words; word sizes
  39. * like eight or 12 bits are common. In-memory wordsizes are
  40. * powers of two bytes (e.g. 20 bit samples use 32 bits).
  41. * This may be changed by the device's driver, or left at the
  42. * default (0) indicating protocol words are eight bit bytes.
  43. * The spi_transfer.bits_per_word can override this for each transfer.
  44. * @irq: Negative, or the number passed to request_irq() to receive
  45. * interrupts from this device.
  46. * @controller_state: Controller's runtime state
  47. * @controller_data: Board-specific definitions for controller, such as
  48. * FIFO initialization parameters; from board_info.controller_data
  49. * @modalias: Name of the driver to use with this device, or an alias
  50. * for that name. This appears in the sysfs "modalias" attribute
  51. * for driver coldplugging, and in uevents used for hotplugging
  52. *
  53. * A @spi_device is used to interchange data between an SPI slave
  54. * (usually a discrete chip) and CPU memory.
  55. *
  56. * In @dev, the platform_data is used to hold information about this
  57. * device that's meaningful to the device's protocol driver, but not
  58. * to its controller. One example might be an identifier for a chip
  59. * variant with slightly different functionality; another might be
  60. * information about how this particular board wires the chip's pins.
  61. */
  62. struct spi_device {
  63. struct device dev;
  64. struct spi_master *master;
  65. u32 max_speed_hz;
  66. u8 chip_select;
  67. u8 mode;
  68. #define SPI_CPHA 0x01 /* clock phase */
  69. #define SPI_CPOL 0x02 /* clock polarity */
  70. #define SPI_MODE_0 (0|0) /* (original MicroWire) */
  71. #define SPI_MODE_1 (0|SPI_CPHA)
  72. #define SPI_MODE_2 (SPI_CPOL|0)
  73. #define SPI_MODE_3 (SPI_CPOL|SPI_CPHA)
  74. #define SPI_CS_HIGH 0x04 /* chipselect active high? */
  75. #define SPI_LSB_FIRST 0x08 /* per-word bits-on-wire */
  76. #define SPI_3WIRE 0x10 /* SI/SO signals shared */
  77. #define SPI_LOOP 0x20 /* loopback mode */
  78. u8 bits_per_word;
  79. int irq;
  80. void *controller_state;
  81. void *controller_data;
  82. const char *modalias;
  83. /*
  84. * likely need more hooks for more protocol options affecting how
  85. * the controller talks to each chip, like:
  86. * - memory packing (12 bit samples into low bits, others zeroed)
  87. * - priority
  88. * - drop chipselect after each word
  89. * - chipselect delays
  90. * - ...
  91. */
  92. };
  93. static inline struct spi_device *to_spi_device(struct device *dev)
  94. {
  95. return dev ? container_of(dev, struct spi_device, dev) : NULL;
  96. }
  97. /* most drivers won't need to care about device refcounting */
  98. static inline struct spi_device *spi_dev_get(struct spi_device *spi)
  99. {
  100. return (spi && get_device(&spi->dev)) ? spi : NULL;
  101. }
  102. static inline void spi_dev_put(struct spi_device *spi)
  103. {
  104. if (spi)
  105. put_device(&spi->dev);
  106. }
  107. /* ctldata is for the bus_master driver's runtime state */
  108. static inline void *spi_get_ctldata(struct spi_device *spi)
  109. {
  110. return spi->controller_state;
  111. }
  112. static inline void spi_set_ctldata(struct spi_device *spi, void *state)
  113. {
  114. spi->controller_state = state;
  115. }
  116. /* device driver data */
  117. static inline void spi_set_drvdata(struct spi_device *spi, void *data)
  118. {
  119. dev_set_drvdata(&spi->dev, data);
  120. }
  121. static inline void *spi_get_drvdata(struct spi_device *spi)
  122. {
  123. return dev_get_drvdata(&spi->dev);
  124. }
  125. struct spi_message;
  126. struct spi_driver {
  127. int (*probe)(struct spi_device *spi);
  128. int (*remove)(struct spi_device *spi);
  129. void (*shutdown)(struct spi_device *spi);
  130. int (*suspend)(struct spi_device *spi, pm_message_t mesg);
  131. int (*resume)(struct spi_device *spi);
  132. struct device_driver driver;
  133. };
  134. static inline struct spi_driver *to_spi_driver(struct device_driver *drv)
  135. {
  136. return drv ? container_of(drv, struct spi_driver, driver) : NULL;
  137. }
  138. extern int spi_register_driver(struct spi_driver *sdrv);
  139. /**
  140. * spi_unregister_driver - reverse effect of spi_register_driver
  141. * @sdrv: the driver to unregister
  142. * Context: can sleep
  143. */
  144. static inline void spi_unregister_driver(struct spi_driver *sdrv)
  145. {
  146. if (sdrv)
  147. driver_unregister(&sdrv->driver);
  148. }
  149. /**
  150. * struct spi_master - interface to SPI master controller
  151. * @cdev: class interface to this driver
  152. * @bus_num: board-specific (and often SOC-specific) identifier for a
  153. * given SPI controller.
  154. * @num_chipselect: chipselects are used to distinguish individual
  155. * SPI slaves, and are numbered from zero to num_chipselects.
  156. * each slave has a chipselect signal, but it's common that not
  157. * every chipselect is connected to a slave.
  158. * @setup: updates the device mode and clocking records used by a
  159. * device's SPI controller; protocol code may call this. This
  160. * must fail if an unrecognized or unsupported mode is requested.
  161. * It's always safe to call this unless transfers are pending on
  162. * the device whose settings are being modified.
  163. * @transfer: adds a message to the controller's transfer queue.
  164. * @cleanup: frees controller-specific state
  165. *
  166. * Each SPI master controller can communicate with one or more @spi_device
  167. * children. These make a small bus, sharing MOSI, MISO and SCK signals
  168. * but not chip select signals. Each device may be configured to use a
  169. * different clock rate, since those shared signals are ignored unless
  170. * the chip is selected.
  171. *
  172. * The driver for an SPI controller manages access to those devices through
  173. * a queue of spi_message transactions, copying data between CPU memory and
  174. * an SPI slave device. For each such message it queues, it calls the
  175. * message's completion function when the transaction completes.
  176. */
  177. struct spi_master {
  178. struct class_device cdev;
  179. /* other than negative (== assign one dynamically), bus_num is fully
  180. * board-specific. usually that simplifies to being SOC-specific.
  181. * example: one SOC has three SPI controllers, numbered 0..2,
  182. * and one board's schematics might show it using SPI-2. software
  183. * would normally use bus_num=2 for that controller.
  184. */
  185. s16 bus_num;
  186. /* chipselects will be integral to many controllers; some others
  187. * might use board-specific GPIOs.
  188. */
  189. u16 num_chipselect;
  190. /* setup mode and clock, etc (spi driver may call many times) */
  191. int (*setup)(struct spi_device *spi);
  192. /* bidirectional bulk transfers
  193. *
  194. * + The transfer() method may not sleep; its main role is
  195. * just to add the message to the queue.
  196. * + For now there's no remove-from-queue operation, or
  197. * any other request management
  198. * + To a given spi_device, message queueing is pure fifo
  199. *
  200. * + The master's main job is to process its message queue,
  201. * selecting a chip then transferring data
  202. * + If there are multiple spi_device children, the i/o queue
  203. * arbitration algorithm is unspecified (round robin, fifo,
  204. * priority, reservations, preemption, etc)
  205. *
  206. * + Chipselect stays active during the entire message
  207. * (unless modified by spi_transfer.cs_change != 0).
  208. * + The message transfers use clock and SPI mode parameters
  209. * previously established by setup() for this device
  210. */
  211. int (*transfer)(struct spi_device *spi,
  212. struct spi_message *mesg);
  213. /* called on release() to free memory provided by spi_master */
  214. void (*cleanup)(struct spi_device *spi);
  215. };
  216. static inline void *spi_master_get_devdata(struct spi_master *master)
  217. {
  218. return class_get_devdata(&master->cdev);
  219. }
  220. static inline void spi_master_set_devdata(struct spi_master *master, void *data)
  221. {
  222. class_set_devdata(&master->cdev, data);
  223. }
  224. static inline struct spi_master *spi_master_get(struct spi_master *master)
  225. {
  226. if (!master || !class_device_get(&master->cdev))
  227. return NULL;
  228. return master;
  229. }
  230. static inline void spi_master_put(struct spi_master *master)
  231. {
  232. if (master)
  233. class_device_put(&master->cdev);
  234. }
  235. /* the spi driver core manages memory for the spi_master classdev */
  236. extern struct spi_master *
  237. spi_alloc_master(struct device *host, unsigned size);
  238. extern int spi_register_master(struct spi_master *master);
  239. extern void spi_unregister_master(struct spi_master *master);
  240. extern struct spi_master *spi_busnum_to_master(u16 busnum);
  241. /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  242. /*
  243. * I/O INTERFACE between SPI controller and protocol drivers
  244. *
  245. * Protocol drivers use a queue of spi_messages, each transferring data
  246. * between the controller and memory buffers.
  247. *
  248. * The spi_messages themselves consist of a series of read+write transfer
  249. * segments. Those segments always read the same number of bits as they
  250. * write; but one or the other is easily ignored by passing a null buffer
  251. * pointer. (This is unlike most types of I/O API, because SPI hardware
  252. * is full duplex.)
  253. *
  254. * NOTE: Allocation of spi_transfer and spi_message memory is entirely
  255. * up to the protocol driver, which guarantees the integrity of both (as
  256. * well as the data buffers) for as long as the message is queued.
  257. */
  258. /**
  259. * struct spi_transfer - a read/write buffer pair
  260. * @tx_buf: data to be written (dma-safe memory), or NULL
  261. * @rx_buf: data to be read (dma-safe memory), or NULL
  262. * @tx_dma: DMA address of tx_buf, if @spi_message.is_dma_mapped
  263. * @rx_dma: DMA address of rx_buf, if @spi_message.is_dma_mapped
  264. * @len: size of rx and tx buffers (in bytes)
  265. * @speed_hz: Select a speed other then the device default for this
  266. * transfer. If 0 the default (from @spi_device) is used.
  267. * @bits_per_word: select a bits_per_word other then the device default
  268. * for this transfer. If 0 the default (from @spi_device) is used.
  269. * @cs_change: affects chipselect after this transfer completes
  270. * @delay_usecs: microseconds to delay after this transfer before
  271. * (optionally) changing the chipselect status, then starting
  272. * the next transfer or completing this @spi_message.
  273. * @transfer_list: transfers are sequenced through @spi_message.transfers
  274. *
  275. * SPI transfers always write the same number of bytes as they read.
  276. * Protocol drivers should always provide @rx_buf and/or @tx_buf.
  277. * In some cases, they may also want to provide DMA addresses for
  278. * the data being transferred; that may reduce overhead, when the
  279. * underlying driver uses dma.
  280. *
  281. * If the transmit buffer is null, zeroes will be shifted out
  282. * while filling @rx_buf. If the receive buffer is null, the data
  283. * shifted in will be discarded. Only "len" bytes shift out (or in).
  284. * It's an error to try to shift out a partial word. (For example, by
  285. * shifting out three bytes with word size of sixteen or twenty bits;
  286. * the former uses two bytes per word, the latter uses four bytes.)
  287. *
  288. * In-memory data values are always in native CPU byte order, translated
  289. * from the wire byte order (big-endian except with SPI_LSB_FIRST). So
  290. * for example when bits_per_word is sixteen, buffers are 2N bytes long
  291. * (@len = 2N) and hold N sixteen bit words in CPU byte order.
  292. *
  293. * When the word size of the SPI transfer is not a power-of-two multiple
  294. * of eight bits, those in-memory words include extra bits. In-memory
  295. * words are always seen by protocol drivers as right-justified, so the
  296. * undefined (rx) or unused (tx) bits are always the most significant bits.
  297. *
  298. * All SPI transfers start with the relevant chipselect active. Normally
  299. * it stays selected until after the last transfer in a message. Drivers
  300. * can affect the chipselect signal using cs_change.
  301. *
  302. * (i) If the transfer isn't the last one in the message, this flag is
  303. * used to make the chipselect briefly go inactive in the middle of the
  304. * message. Toggling chipselect in this way may be needed to terminate
  305. * a chip command, letting a single spi_message perform all of group of
  306. * chip transactions together.
  307. *
  308. * (ii) When the transfer is the last one in the message, the chip may
  309. * stay selected until the next transfer. On multi-device SPI busses
  310. * with nothing blocking messages going to other devices, this is just
  311. * a performance hint; starting a message to another device deselects
  312. * this one. But in other cases, this can be used to ensure correctness.
  313. * Some devices need protocol transactions to be built from a series of
  314. * spi_message submissions, where the content of one message is determined
  315. * by the results of previous messages and where the whole transaction
  316. * ends when the chipselect goes intactive.
  317. *
  318. * The code that submits an spi_message (and its spi_transfers)
  319. * to the lower layers is responsible for managing its memory.
  320. * Zero-initialize every field you don't set up explicitly, to
  321. * insulate against future API updates. After you submit a message
  322. * and its transfers, ignore them until its completion callback.
  323. */
  324. struct spi_transfer {
  325. /* it's ok if tx_buf == rx_buf (right?)
  326. * for MicroWire, one buffer must be null
  327. * buffers must work with dma_*map_single() calls, unless
  328. * spi_message.is_dma_mapped reports a pre-existing mapping
  329. */
  330. const void *tx_buf;
  331. void *rx_buf;
  332. unsigned len;
  333. dma_addr_t tx_dma;
  334. dma_addr_t rx_dma;
  335. unsigned cs_change:1;
  336. u8 bits_per_word;
  337. u16 delay_usecs;
  338. u32 speed_hz;
  339. struct list_head transfer_list;
  340. };
  341. /**
  342. * struct spi_message - one multi-segment SPI transaction
  343. * @transfers: list of transfer segments in this transaction
  344. * @spi: SPI device to which the transaction is queued
  345. * @is_dma_mapped: if true, the caller provided both dma and cpu virtual
  346. * addresses for each transfer buffer
  347. * @complete: called to report transaction completions
  348. * @context: the argument to complete() when it's called
  349. * @actual_length: the total number of bytes that were transferred in all
  350. * successful segments
  351. * @status: zero for success, else negative errno
  352. * @queue: for use by whichever driver currently owns the message
  353. * @state: for use by whichever driver currently owns the message
  354. *
  355. * A @spi_message is used to execute an atomic sequence of data transfers,
  356. * each represented by a struct spi_transfer. The sequence is "atomic"
  357. * in the sense that no other spi_message may use that SPI bus until that
  358. * sequence completes. On some systems, many such sequences can execute as
  359. * as single programmed DMA transfer. On all systems, these messages are
  360. * queued, and might complete after transactions to other devices. Messages
  361. * sent to a given spi_device are alway executed in FIFO order.
  362. *
  363. * The code that submits an spi_message (and its spi_transfers)
  364. * to the lower layers is responsible for managing its memory.
  365. * Zero-initialize every field you don't set up explicitly, to
  366. * insulate against future API updates. After you submit a message
  367. * and its transfers, ignore them until its completion callback.
  368. */
  369. struct spi_message {
  370. struct list_head transfers;
  371. struct spi_device *spi;
  372. unsigned is_dma_mapped:1;
  373. /* REVISIT: we might want a flag affecting the behavior of the
  374. * last transfer ... allowing things like "read 16 bit length L"
  375. * immediately followed by "read L bytes". Basically imposing
  376. * a specific message scheduling algorithm.
  377. *
  378. * Some controller drivers (message-at-a-time queue processing)
  379. * could provide that as their default scheduling algorithm. But
  380. * others (with multi-message pipelines) could need a flag to
  381. * tell them about such special cases.
  382. */
  383. /* completion is reported through a callback */
  384. void (*complete)(void *context);
  385. void *context;
  386. unsigned actual_length;
  387. int status;
  388. /* for optional use by whatever driver currently owns the
  389. * spi_message ... between calls to spi_async and then later
  390. * complete(), that's the spi_master controller driver.
  391. */
  392. struct list_head queue;
  393. void *state;
  394. };
  395. static inline void spi_message_init(struct spi_message *m)
  396. {
  397. memset(m, 0, sizeof *m);
  398. INIT_LIST_HEAD(&m->transfers);
  399. }
  400. static inline void
  401. spi_message_add_tail(struct spi_transfer *t, struct spi_message *m)
  402. {
  403. list_add_tail(&t->transfer_list, &m->transfers);
  404. }
  405. static inline void
  406. spi_transfer_del(struct spi_transfer *t)
  407. {
  408. list_del(&t->transfer_list);
  409. }
  410. /* It's fine to embed message and transaction structures in other data
  411. * structures so long as you don't free them while they're in use.
  412. */
  413. static inline struct spi_message *spi_message_alloc(unsigned ntrans, gfp_t flags)
  414. {
  415. struct spi_message *m;
  416. m = kzalloc(sizeof(struct spi_message)
  417. + ntrans * sizeof(struct spi_transfer),
  418. flags);
  419. if (m) {
  420. int i;
  421. struct spi_transfer *t = (struct spi_transfer *)(m + 1);
  422. INIT_LIST_HEAD(&m->transfers);
  423. for (i = 0; i < ntrans; i++, t++)
  424. spi_message_add_tail(t, m);
  425. }
  426. return m;
  427. }
  428. static inline void spi_message_free(struct spi_message *m)
  429. {
  430. kfree(m);
  431. }
  432. /**
  433. * spi_setup - setup SPI mode and clock rate
  434. * @spi: the device whose settings are being modified
  435. * Context: can sleep, and no requests are queued to the device
  436. *
  437. * SPI protocol drivers may need to update the transfer mode if the
  438. * device doesn't work with its default. They may likewise need
  439. * to update clock rates or word sizes from initial values. This function
  440. * changes those settings, and must be called from a context that can sleep.
  441. * Except for SPI_CS_HIGH, which takes effect immediately, the changes take
  442. * effect the next time the device is selected and data is transferred to
  443. * or from it. When this function returns, the spi device is deselected.
  444. *
  445. * Note that this call will fail if the protocol driver specifies an option
  446. * that the underlying controller or its driver does not support. For
  447. * example, not all hardware supports wire transfers using nine bit words,
  448. * LSB-first wire encoding, or active-high chipselects.
  449. */
  450. static inline int
  451. spi_setup(struct spi_device *spi)
  452. {
  453. return spi->master->setup(spi);
  454. }
  455. /**
  456. * spi_async - asynchronous SPI transfer
  457. * @spi: device with which data will be exchanged
  458. * @message: describes the data transfers, including completion callback
  459. * Context: any (irqs may be blocked, etc)
  460. *
  461. * This call may be used in_irq and other contexts which can't sleep,
  462. * as well as from task contexts which can sleep.
  463. *
  464. * The completion callback is invoked in a context which can't sleep.
  465. * Before that invocation, the value of message->status is undefined.
  466. * When the callback is issued, message->status holds either zero (to
  467. * indicate complete success) or a negative error code. After that
  468. * callback returns, the driver which issued the transfer request may
  469. * deallocate the associated memory; it's no longer in use by any SPI
  470. * core or controller driver code.
  471. *
  472. * Note that although all messages to a spi_device are handled in
  473. * FIFO order, messages may go to different devices in other orders.
  474. * Some device might be higher priority, or have various "hard" access
  475. * time requirements, for example.
  476. *
  477. * On detection of any fault during the transfer, processing of
  478. * the entire message is aborted, and the device is deselected.
  479. * Until returning from the associated message completion callback,
  480. * no other spi_message queued to that device will be processed.
  481. * (This rule applies equally to all the synchronous transfer calls,
  482. * which are wrappers around this core asynchronous primitive.)
  483. */
  484. static inline int
  485. spi_async(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message)
  486. {
  487. message->spi = spi;
  488. return spi->master->transfer(spi, message);
  489. }
  490. /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  491. /* All these synchronous SPI transfer routines are utilities layered
  492. * over the core async transfer primitive. Here, "synchronous" means
  493. * they will sleep uninterruptibly until the async transfer completes.
  494. */
  495. extern int spi_sync(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message);
  496. /**
  497. * spi_write - SPI synchronous write
  498. * @spi: device to which data will be written
  499. * @buf: data buffer
  500. * @len: data buffer size
  501. * Context: can sleep
  502. *
  503. * This writes the buffer and returns zero or a negative error code.
  504. * Callable only from contexts that can sleep.
  505. */
  506. static inline int
  507. spi_write(struct spi_device *spi, const u8 *buf, size_t len)
  508. {
  509. struct spi_transfer t = {
  510. .tx_buf = buf,
  511. .len = len,
  512. };
  513. struct spi_message m;
  514. spi_message_init(&m);
  515. spi_message_add_tail(&t, &m);
  516. return spi_sync(spi, &m);
  517. }
  518. /**
  519. * spi_read - SPI synchronous read
  520. * @spi: device from which data will be read
  521. * @buf: data buffer
  522. * @len: data buffer size
  523. * Context: can sleep
  524. *
  525. * This reads the buffer and returns zero or a negative error code.
  526. * Callable only from contexts that can sleep.
  527. */
  528. static inline int
  529. spi_read(struct spi_device *spi, u8 *buf, size_t len)
  530. {
  531. struct spi_transfer t = {
  532. .rx_buf = buf,
  533. .len = len,
  534. };
  535. struct spi_message m;
  536. spi_message_init(&m);
  537. spi_message_add_tail(&t, &m);
  538. return spi_sync(spi, &m);
  539. }
  540. /* this copies txbuf and rxbuf data; for small transfers only! */
  541. extern int spi_write_then_read(struct spi_device *spi,
  542. const u8 *txbuf, unsigned n_tx,
  543. u8 *rxbuf, unsigned n_rx);
  544. /**
  545. * spi_w8r8 - SPI synchronous 8 bit write followed by 8 bit read
  546. * @spi: device with which data will be exchanged
  547. * @cmd: command to be written before data is read back
  548. * Context: can sleep
  549. *
  550. * This returns the (unsigned) eight bit number returned by the
  551. * device, or else a negative error code. Callable only from
  552. * contexts that can sleep.
  553. */
  554. static inline ssize_t spi_w8r8(struct spi_device *spi, u8 cmd)
  555. {
  556. ssize_t status;
  557. u8 result;
  558. status = spi_write_then_read(spi, &cmd, 1, &result, 1);
  559. /* return negative errno or unsigned value */
  560. return (status < 0) ? status : result;
  561. }
  562. /**
  563. * spi_w8r16 - SPI synchronous 8 bit write followed by 16 bit read
  564. * @spi: device with which data will be exchanged
  565. * @cmd: command to be written before data is read back
  566. * Context: can sleep
  567. *
  568. * This returns the (unsigned) sixteen bit number returned by the
  569. * device, or else a negative error code. Callable only from
  570. * contexts that can sleep.
  571. *
  572. * The number is returned in wire-order, which is at least sometimes
  573. * big-endian.
  574. */
  575. static inline ssize_t spi_w8r16(struct spi_device *spi, u8 cmd)
  576. {
  577. ssize_t status;
  578. u16 result;
  579. status = spi_write_then_read(spi, &cmd, 1, (u8 *) &result, 2);
  580. /* return negative errno or unsigned value */
  581. return (status < 0) ? status : result;
  582. }
  583. /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  584. /*
  585. * INTERFACE between board init code and SPI infrastructure.
  586. *
  587. * No SPI driver ever sees these SPI device table segments, but
  588. * it's how the SPI core (or adapters that get hotplugged) grows
  589. * the driver model tree.
  590. *
  591. * As a rule, SPI devices can't be probed. Instead, board init code
  592. * provides a table listing the devices which are present, with enough
  593. * information to bind and set up the device's driver. There's basic
  594. * support for nonstatic configurations too; enough to handle adding
  595. * parport adapters, or microcontrollers acting as USB-to-SPI bridges.
  596. */
  597. /* board-specific information about each SPI device */
  598. struct spi_board_info {
  599. /* the device name and module name are coupled, like platform_bus;
  600. * "modalias" is normally the driver name.
  601. *
  602. * platform_data goes to spi_device.dev.platform_data,
  603. * controller_data goes to spi_device.controller_data,
  604. * irq is copied too
  605. */
  606. char modalias[KOBJ_NAME_LEN];
  607. const void *platform_data;
  608. void *controller_data;
  609. int irq;
  610. /* slower signaling on noisy or low voltage boards */
  611. u32 max_speed_hz;
  612. /* bus_num is board specific and matches the bus_num of some
  613. * spi_master that will probably be registered later.
  614. *
  615. * chip_select reflects how this chip is wired to that master;
  616. * it's less than num_chipselect.
  617. */
  618. u16 bus_num;
  619. u16 chip_select;
  620. /* mode becomes spi_device.mode, and is essential for chips
  621. * where the default of SPI_CS_HIGH = 0 is wrong.
  622. */
  623. u8 mode;
  624. /* ... may need additional spi_device chip config data here.
  625. * avoid stuff protocol drivers can set; but include stuff
  626. * needed to behave without being bound to a driver:
  627. * - quirks like clock rate mattering when not selected
  628. */
  629. };
  630. #ifdef CONFIG_SPI
  631. extern int
  632. spi_register_board_info(struct spi_board_info const *info, unsigned n);
  633. #else
  634. /* board init code may ignore whether SPI is configured or not */
  635. static inline int
  636. spi_register_board_info(struct spi_board_info const *info, unsigned n)
  637. { return 0; }
  638. #endif
  639. /* If you're hotplugging an adapter with devices (parport, usb, etc)
  640. * use spi_new_device() to describe each device. You can also call
  641. * spi_unregister_device() to start making that device vanish, but
  642. * normally that would be handled by spi_unregister_master().
  643. */
  644. extern struct spi_device *
  645. spi_new_device(struct spi_master *, struct spi_board_info *);
  646. static inline void
  647. spi_unregister_device(struct spi_device *spi)
  648. {
  649. if (spi)
  650. device_unregister(&spi->dev);
  651. }
  652. #endif /* __LINUX_SPI_H */