kasan: fix races in quarantine_remove_cache()

quarantine_remove_cache() frees all pending objects that belong to the
cache, before we destroy the cache itself.  However there are currently
two possibilities how it can fail to do so.

First, another thread can hold some of the objects from the cache in
temp list in quarantine_put().  quarantine_put() has a windows of
enabled interrupts, and on_each_cpu() in quarantine_remove_cache() can
finish right in that window.  These objects will be later freed into the
destroyed cache.

Then, quarantine_reduce() has the same problem.  It grabs a batch of
objects from the global quarantine, then unlocks quarantine_lock and
then frees the batch.  quarantine_remove_cache() can finish while some
objects from the cache are still in the local to_free list in
quarantine_reduce().

Fix the race with quarantine_put() by disabling interrupts for the whole
duration of quarantine_put().  In combination with on_each_cpu() in
quarantine_remove_cache() it ensures that quarantine_remove_cache()
either sees the objects in the per-cpu list or in the global list.

Fix the race with quarantine_reduce() by protecting quarantine_reduce()
with srcu critical section and then doing synchronize_srcu() at the end
of quarantine_remove_cache().

I've done some assessment of how good synchronize_srcu() works in this
case.  And on a 4 CPU VM I see that it blocks waiting for pending read
critical sections in about 2-3% of cases.  Which looks good to me.

I suspect that these races are the root cause of some GPFs that I
episodically hit.  Previously I did not have any explanation for them.

  BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 00000000000000c8
  IP: qlist_free_all+0x2e/0xc0 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:155
  PGD 6aeea067
  PUD 60ed7067
  PMD 0
  Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN
  Dumping ftrace buffer:
     (ftrace buffer empty)
  Modules linked in:
  CPU: 0 PID: 13667 Comm: syz-executor2 Not tainted 4.10.0+ #60
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
  task: ffff88005f948040 task.stack: ffff880069818000
  RIP: 0010:qlist_free_all+0x2e/0xc0 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:155
  RSP: 0018:ffff88006981f298 EFLAGS: 00010246
  RAX: ffffea0000ffff00 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffea0000ffff1f
  RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff88003fffc3e0 RDI: 0000000000000000
  RBP: ffff88006981f2c0 R08: ffff88002fed7bd8 R09: 00000001001f000d
  R10: 00000000001f000d R11: ffff88006981f000 R12: ffff88003fffc3e0
  R13: ffff88006981f2d0 R14: ffffffff81877fae R15: 0000000080000000
  FS:  00007fb911a2d700(0000) GS:ffff88003ec00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  CR2: 00000000000000c8 CR3: 0000000060ed6000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
  Call Trace:
   quarantine_reduce+0x10e/0x120 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:239
   kasan_kmalloc+0xca/0xe0 mm/kasan/kasan.c:590
   kasan_slab_alloc+0x12/0x20 mm/kasan/kasan.c:544
   slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slab.h:456 [inline]
   slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:2718 [inline]
   kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1d3/0x280 mm/slub.c:2754
   __alloc_skb+0x10f/0x770 net/core/skbuff.c:219
   alloc_skb include/linux/skbuff.h:932 [inline]
   _sctp_make_chunk+0x3b/0x260 net/sctp/sm_make_chunk.c:1388
   sctp_make_data net/sctp/sm_make_chunk.c:1420 [inline]
   sctp_make_datafrag_empty+0x208/0x360 net/sctp/sm_make_chunk.c:746
   sctp_datamsg_from_user+0x7e8/0x11d0 net/sctp/chunk.c:266
   sctp_sendmsg+0x2611/0x3970 net/sctp/socket.c:1962
   inet_sendmsg+0x164/0x5b0 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:761
   sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:633 [inline]
   sock_sendmsg+0xca/0x110 net/socket.c:643
   SYSC_sendto+0x660/0x810 net/socket.c:1685
   SyS_sendto+0x40/0x50 net/socket.c:1653

I am not sure about backporting.  The bug is quite hard to trigger, I've
seen it few times during our massive continuous testing (however, it
could be cause of some other episodic stray crashes as it leads to
memory corruption...).  If it is triggered, the consequences are very
bad -- almost definite bad memory corruption.  The fix is non trivial
and has chances of introducing new bugs.  I am also not sure how
actively people use KASAN on older releases.

[dvyukov@google.com: - sorted includes[
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170309094028.51088-1-dvyukov@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170308151532.5070-1-dvyukov@google.com
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Acked-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/kasan/quarantine.c

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <linux/printk.h>
 #include <linux/shrinker.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/srcu.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
 
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ static int quarantine_tail;
 /* Total size of all objects in global_quarantine across all batches. */
 static unsigned long quarantine_size;
 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(quarantine_lock);
+DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(remove_cache_srcu);
 
 /* Maximum size of the global queue. */
 static unsigned long quarantine_max_size;
@@ -173,17 +175,22 @@ void quarantine_put(struct kasan_free_meta *info, struct kmem_cache *cache)
 	struct qlist_head *q;
 	struct qlist_head temp = QLIST_INIT;
 
+	/*
+	 * Note: irq must be disabled until after we move the batch to the
+	 * global quarantine. Otherwise quarantine_remove_cache() can miss
+	 * some objects belonging to the cache if they are in our local temp
+	 * list. quarantine_remove_cache() executes on_each_cpu() at the
+	 * beginning which ensures that it either sees the objects in per-cpu
+	 * lists or in the global quarantine.
+	 */
 	local_irq_save(flags);
 
 	q = this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_quarantine);
 	qlist_put(q, &info->quarantine_link, cache->size);
-	if (unlikely(q->bytes > QUARANTINE_PERCPU_SIZE))
+	if (unlikely(q->bytes > QUARANTINE_PERCPU_SIZE)) {
 		qlist_move_all(q, &temp);
 
-	local_irq_restore(flags);
-
-	if (unlikely(!qlist_empty(&temp))) {
-		spin_lock_irqsave(&quarantine_lock, flags);
+		spin_lock(&quarantine_lock);
 		WRITE_ONCE(quarantine_size, quarantine_size + temp.bytes);
 		qlist_move_all(&temp, &global_quarantine[quarantine_tail]);
 		if (global_quarantine[quarantine_tail].bytes >=
@@ -196,20 +203,33 @@ void quarantine_put(struct kasan_free_meta *info, struct kmem_cache *cache)
 			if (new_tail != quarantine_head)
 				quarantine_tail = new_tail;
 		}
-		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&quarantine_lock, flags);
+		spin_unlock(&quarantine_lock);
 	}
+
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
 }
 
 void quarantine_reduce(void)
 {
 	size_t total_size, new_quarantine_size, percpu_quarantines;
 	unsigned long flags;
+	int srcu_idx;
 	struct qlist_head to_free = QLIST_INIT;
 
 	if (likely(READ_ONCE(quarantine_size) <=
 		   READ_ONCE(quarantine_max_size)))
 		return;
 
+	/*
+	 * srcu critical section ensures that quarantine_remove_cache()
+	 * will not miss objects belonging to the cache while they are in our
+	 * local to_free list. srcu is chosen because (1) it gives us private
+	 * grace period domain that does not interfere with anything else,
+	 * and (2) it allows synchronize_srcu() to return without waiting
+	 * if there are no pending read critical sections (which is the
+	 * expected case).
+	 */
+	srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&remove_cache_srcu);
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&quarantine_lock, flags);
 
 	/*
@@ -237,6 +257,7 @@ void quarantine_reduce(void)
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&quarantine_lock, flags);
 
 	qlist_free_all(&to_free, NULL);
+	srcu_read_unlock(&remove_cache_srcu, srcu_idx);
 }
 
 static void qlist_move_cache(struct qlist_head *from,
@@ -280,6 +301,13 @@ void quarantine_remove_cache(struct kmem_cache *cache)
 	unsigned long flags, i;
 	struct qlist_head to_free = QLIST_INIT;
 
+	/*
+	 * Must be careful to not miss any objects that are being moved from
+	 * per-cpu list to the global quarantine in quarantine_put(),
+	 * nor objects being freed in quarantine_reduce(). on_each_cpu()
+	 * achieves the first goal, while synchronize_srcu() achieves the
+	 * second.
+	 */
 	on_each_cpu(per_cpu_remove_cache, cache, 1);
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&quarantine_lock, flags);
@@ -295,4 +323,6 @@ void quarantine_remove_cache(struct kmem_cache *cache)
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&quarantine_lock, flags);
 
 	qlist_free_all(&to_free, cache);
+
+	synchronize_srcu(&remove_cache_srcu);
 }