proc/kcore: fix memory hotplug vs multiple opens race

There's a theoretical race condition that will cause /proc/kcore to miss
a memory hotplug event:

CPU0                              CPU1
// hotplug event 1
kcore_need_update = 1

open_kcore()                      open_kcore()
    kcore_update_ram()                kcore_update_ram()
        // Walk RAM                       // Walk RAM
        __kcore_update_ram()              __kcore_update_ram()
            kcore_need_update = 0

// hotplug event 2
kcore_need_update = 1
                                              kcore_need_update = 0

Note that CPU1 set up the RAM kcore entries with the state after hotplug
event 1 but cleared the flag for hotplug event 2.  The RAM entries will
therefore be stale until there is another hotplug event.

This is an extremely unlikely sequence of events, but the fix makes the
synchronization saner, anyways: we serialize the entire update sequence,
which means that whoever clears the flag will always succeed in replacing
the kcore list.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/6106c509998779730c12400c1b996425df7d7089.1531953780.git.osandov@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Bhupesh Sharma <bhsharma@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fs/proc/kcore.c

@@ -98,53 +98,15 @@ static size_t get_kcore_size(int *nphdr, size_t *elf_buflen)
 	return size + *elf_buflen;
 }
 
-static void free_kclist_ents(struct list_head *head)
-{
-	struct kcore_list *tmp, *pos;
-
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, tmp, head, list) {
-		list_del(&pos->list);
-		kfree(pos);
-	}
-}
-/*
- * Replace all KCORE_RAM/KCORE_VMEMMAP information with passed list.
- */
-static void __kcore_update_ram(struct list_head *list)
-{
-	int nphdr;
-	size_t size;
-	struct kcore_list *tmp, *pos;
-	LIST_HEAD(garbage);
-
-	down_write(&kclist_lock);
-	if (xchg(&kcore_need_update, 0)) {
-		list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, tmp, &kclist_head, list) {
-			if (pos->type == KCORE_RAM
-				|| pos->type == KCORE_VMEMMAP)
-				list_move(&pos->list, &garbage);
-		}
-		list_splice_tail(list, &kclist_head);
-	} else
-		list_splice(list, &garbage);
-	proc_root_kcore->size = get_kcore_size(&nphdr, &size);
-	up_write(&kclist_lock);
-
-	free_kclist_ents(&garbage);
-}
-
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 /*
  * If no highmem, we can assume [0...max_low_pfn) continuous range of memory
  * because memory hole is not as big as !HIGHMEM case.
  * (HIGHMEM is special because part of memory is _invisible_ from the kernel.)
  */
-static int kcore_update_ram(void)
+static int kcore_ram_list(struct list_head *head)
 {
-	LIST_HEAD(head);
 	struct kcore_list *ent;
-	int ret = 0;
 
 	ent = kmalloc(sizeof(*ent), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!ent)
@@ -152,9 +114,8 @@ static int kcore_update_ram(void)
 	ent->addr = (unsigned long)__va(0);
 	ent->size = max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
 	ent->type = KCORE_RAM;
-	list_add(&ent->list, &head);
-	__kcore_update_ram(&head);
-	return ret;
+	list_add(&ent->list, head);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 #else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
@@ -253,11 +214,10 @@ free_out:
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int kcore_update_ram(void)
+static int kcore_ram_list(struct list_head *list)
 {
 	int nid, ret;
 	unsigned long end_pfn;
-	LIST_HEAD(head);
 
 	/* Not inialized....update now */
 	/* find out "max pfn" */
@@ -269,15 +229,50 @@ static int kcore_update_ram(void)
 			end_pfn = node_end;
 	}
 	/* scan 0 to max_pfn */
-	ret = walk_system_ram_range(0, end_pfn, &head, kclist_add_private);
-	if (ret) {
-		free_kclist_ents(&head);
+	ret = walk_system_ram_range(0, end_pfn, list, kclist_add_private);
+	if (ret)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
+
+static int kcore_update_ram(void)
+{
+	LIST_HEAD(list);
+	LIST_HEAD(garbage);
+	int nphdr;
+	size_t size;
+	struct kcore_list *tmp, *pos;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	down_write(&kclist_lock);
+	if (!xchg(&kcore_need_update, 0))
+		goto out;
+
+	ret = kcore_ram_list(&list);
+	if (ret) {
+		/* Couldn't get the RAM list, try again next time. */
+		WRITE_ONCE(kcore_need_update, 1);
+		list_splice_tail(&list, &garbage);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, tmp, &kclist_head, list) {
+		if (pos->type == KCORE_RAM || pos->type == KCORE_VMEMMAP)
+			list_move(&pos->list, &garbage);
+	}
+	list_splice_tail(&list, &kclist_head);
+
+	proc_root_kcore->size = get_kcore_size(&nphdr, &size);
+
+out:
+	up_write(&kclist_lock);
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, tmp, &garbage, list) {
+		list_del(&pos->list);
+		kfree(pos);
 	}
-	__kcore_update_ram(&head);
 	return ret;
 }
-#endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 
 /*****************************************************************************/
 /*