s390/mm: fix asce_bits handling with dynamic pagetable levels

There is a race with multi-threaded applications between context switch and
pagetable upgrade. In switch_mm() a new user_asce is built from mm->pgd and
mm->context.asce_bits, w/o holding any locks. A concurrent mmap with a
pagetable upgrade on another thread in crst_table_upgrade() could already
have set new asce_bits, but not yet the new mm->pgd. This would result in a
corrupt user_asce in switch_mm(), and eventually in a kernel panic from a
translation exception.

Fix this by storing the complete asce instead of just the asce_bits, which
can then be read atomically from switch_mm(), so that it either sees the
old value or the new value, but no mixture. Both cases are OK. Having the
old value would result in a page fault on access to the higher level memory,
but the fault handler would see the new mm->pgd, if it was a valid access
after the mmap on the other thread has completed. So as worst-case scenario
we would have a page fault loop for the racing thread until the next time
slice.

Also remove dead code and simplify the upgrade/downgrade path, there are no
upgrades from 2 levels, and only downgrades from 3 levels for compat tasks.
There are also no concurrent upgrades, because the mmap_sem is held with
down_write() in do_mmap, so the flush and table checks during upgrade can
be removed.

Reported-by: Michael Munday <munday@ca.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>

arch/s390/include/asm/mmu.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	spinlock_t list_lock;
 	struct list_head pgtable_list;
 	struct list_head gmap_list;
-	unsigned long asce_bits;
+	unsigned long asce;
 	unsigned long asce_limit;
 	unsigned long vdso_base;
 	/* The mmu context allocates 4K page tables. */

arch/s390/include/asm/mmu_context.h

@@ -26,12 +26,28 @@ static inline int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk,
 	mm->context.has_pgste = 0;
 	mm->context.use_skey = 0;
 #endif
-	if (mm->context.asce_limit == 0) {
+	switch (mm->context.asce_limit) {
+	case 1UL << 42:
+		/*
+		 * forked 3-level task, fall through to set new asce with new
+		 * mm->pgd
+		 */
+	case 0:
 		/* context created by exec, set asce limit to 4TB */
-		mm->context.asce_bits = _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
-			_ASCE_USER_BITS | _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3;
 		mm->context.asce_limit = STACK_TOP_MAX;
-	} else if (mm->context.asce_limit == (1UL << 31)) {
+		mm->context.asce = __pa(mm->pgd) | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
+				   _ASCE_USER_BITS | _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3;
+		break;
+	case 1UL << 53:
+		/* forked 4-level task, set new asce with new mm->pgd */
+		mm->context.asce = __pa(mm->pgd) | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
+				   _ASCE_USER_BITS | _ASCE_TYPE_REGION2;
+		break;
+	case 1UL << 31:
+		/* forked 2-level compat task, set new asce with new mm->pgd */
+		mm->context.asce = __pa(mm->pgd) | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
+				   _ASCE_USER_BITS | _ASCE_TYPE_SEGMENT;
+		/* pgd_alloc() did not increase mm->nr_pmds */
 		mm_inc_nr_pmds(mm);
 	}
 	crst_table_init((unsigned long *) mm->pgd, pgd_entry_type(mm));
@@ -42,7 +58,7 @@ static inline int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk,
 
 static inline void set_user_asce(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
-	S390_lowcore.user_asce = mm->context.asce_bits | __pa(mm->pgd);
+	S390_lowcore.user_asce = mm->context.asce;
 	if (current->thread.mm_segment.ar4)
 		__ctl_load(S390_lowcore.user_asce, 7, 7);
 	set_cpu_flag(CIF_ASCE);
@@ -71,7 +87,7 @@ static inline void switch_mm(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
 {
 	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
 
-	S390_lowcore.user_asce = next->context.asce_bits | __pa(next->pgd);
+	S390_lowcore.user_asce = next->context.asce;
 	if (prev == next)
 		return;
 	if (MACHINE_HAS_TLB_LC)

arch/s390/include/asm/pgalloc.h

@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ static inline unsigned long pgd_entry_type(struct mm_struct *mm)
 	return _REGION2_ENTRY_EMPTY;
 }
 
-int crst_table_upgrade(struct mm_struct *, unsigned long limit);
-void crst_table_downgrade(struct mm_struct *, unsigned long limit);
+int crst_table_upgrade(struct mm_struct *);
+void crst_table_downgrade(struct mm_struct *);
 
 static inline pud_t *pud_alloc_one(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address)
 {

arch/s390/include/asm/processor.h

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ extern __vector128 init_task_fpu_regs[__NUM_VXRS];
 	regs->psw.mask	= PSW_USER_BITS | PSW_MASK_BA;			\
 	regs->psw.addr	= new_psw;					\
 	regs->gprs[15]	= new_stackp;					\
-	crst_table_downgrade(current->mm, 1UL << 31);			\
+	crst_table_downgrade(current->mm);				\
 	execve_tail();							\
 } while (0)
 

arch/s390/include/asm/tlbflush.h

@@ -110,8 +110,7 @@ static inline void __tlb_flush_asce(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long asce)
 static inline void __tlb_flush_kernel(void)
 {
 	if (MACHINE_HAS_IDTE)
-		__tlb_flush_idte((unsigned long) init_mm.pgd |
-				 init_mm.context.asce_bits);
+		__tlb_flush_idte(init_mm.context.asce);
 	else
 		__tlb_flush_global();
 }
@@ -133,8 +132,7 @@ static inline void __tlb_flush_asce(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long asce)
 static inline void __tlb_flush_kernel(void)
 {
 	if (MACHINE_HAS_TLB_LC)
-		__tlb_flush_idte_local((unsigned long) init_mm.pgd |
-				       init_mm.context.asce_bits);
+		__tlb_flush_idte_local(init_mm.context.asce);
 	else
 		__tlb_flush_local();
 }
@@ -148,8 +146,7 @@ static inline void __tlb_flush_mm(struct mm_struct * mm)
 	 * only ran on the local cpu.
 	 */
 	if (MACHINE_HAS_IDTE && list_empty(&mm->context.gmap_list))
-		__tlb_flush_asce(mm, (unsigned long) mm->pgd |
-				 mm->context.asce_bits);
+		__tlb_flush_asce(mm, mm->context.asce);
 	else
 		__tlb_flush_full(mm);
 }

arch/s390/mm/init.c

@@ -89,7 +89,8 @@ void __init paging_init(void)
 		asce_bits = _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3 | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH;
 		pgd_type = _REGION3_ENTRY_EMPTY;
 	}
-	S390_lowcore.kernel_asce = (__pa(init_mm.pgd) & PAGE_MASK) | asce_bits;
+	init_mm.context.asce = (__pa(init_mm.pgd) & PAGE_MASK) | asce_bits;
+	S390_lowcore.kernel_asce = init_mm.context.asce;
 	clear_table((unsigned long *) init_mm.pgd, pgd_type,
 		    sizeof(unsigned long)*2048);
 	vmem_map_init();

arch/s390/mm/mmap.c

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ int s390_mmap_check(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len, unsigned long flags)
 	if (!(flags & MAP_FIXED))
 		addr = 0;
 	if ((addr + len) >= TASK_SIZE)
-		return crst_table_upgrade(current->mm, TASK_MAX_SIZE);
+		return crst_table_upgrade(current->mm);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ s390_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 		return area;
 	if (area == -ENOMEM && !is_compat_task() && TASK_SIZE < TASK_MAX_SIZE) {
 		/* Upgrade the page table to 4 levels and retry. */
-		rc = crst_table_upgrade(mm, TASK_MAX_SIZE);
+		rc = crst_table_upgrade(mm);
 		if (rc)
 			return (unsigned long) rc;
 		area = arch_get_unmapped_area(filp, addr, len, pgoff, flags);
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ s390_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, const unsigned long addr,
 		return area;
 	if (area == -ENOMEM && !is_compat_task() && TASK_SIZE < TASK_MAX_SIZE) {
 		/* Upgrade the page table to 4 levels and retry. */
-		rc = crst_table_upgrade(mm, TASK_MAX_SIZE);
+		rc = crst_table_upgrade(mm);
 		if (rc)
 			return (unsigned long) rc;
 		area = arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown(filp, addr, len,

arch/s390/mm/pgalloc.c

@@ -76,81 +76,52 @@ static void __crst_table_upgrade(void *arg)
 	__tlb_flush_local();
 }
 
-int crst_table_upgrade(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long limit)
+int crst_table_upgrade(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
 	unsigned long *table, *pgd;
-	unsigned long entry;
-	int flush;
 
-	BUG_ON(limit > TASK_MAX_SIZE);
-	flush = 0;
-repeat:
+	/* upgrade should only happen from 3 to 4 levels */
+	BUG_ON(mm->context.asce_limit != (1UL << 42));
+
 	table = crst_table_alloc(mm);
 	if (!table)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+
 	spin_lock_bh(&mm->page_table_lock);
-	if (mm->context.asce_limit < limit) {
-		pgd = (unsigned long *) mm->pgd;
-		if (mm->context.asce_limit <= (1UL << 31)) {
-			entry = _REGION3_ENTRY_EMPTY;
-			mm->context.asce_limit = 1UL << 42;
-			mm->context.asce_bits = _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
-						_ASCE_USER_BITS |
-						_ASCE_TYPE_REGION3;
-		} else {
-			entry = _REGION2_ENTRY_EMPTY;
-			mm->context.asce_limit = 1UL << 53;
-			mm->context.asce_bits = _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
-						_ASCE_USER_BITS |
-						_ASCE_TYPE_REGION2;
-		}
-		crst_table_init(table, entry);
-		pgd_populate(mm, (pgd_t *) table, (pud_t *) pgd);
-		mm->pgd = (pgd_t *) table;
-		mm->task_size = mm->context.asce_limit;
-		table = NULL;
-		flush = 1;
-	}
+	pgd = (unsigned long *) mm->pgd;
+	crst_table_init(table, _REGION2_ENTRY_EMPTY);
+	pgd_populate(mm, (pgd_t *) table, (pud_t *) pgd);
+	mm->pgd = (pgd_t *) table;
+	mm->context.asce_limit = 1UL << 53;
+	mm->context.asce = __pa(mm->pgd) | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
+			   _ASCE_USER_BITS | _ASCE_TYPE_REGION2;
+	mm->task_size = mm->context.asce_limit;
 	spin_unlock_bh(&mm->page_table_lock);
-	if (table)
-		crst_table_free(mm, table);
-	if (mm->context.asce_limit < limit)
-		goto repeat;
-	if (flush)
-		on_each_cpu(__crst_table_upgrade, mm, 0);
+
+	on_each_cpu(__crst_table_upgrade, mm, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void crst_table_downgrade(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long limit)
+void crst_table_downgrade(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
 	pgd_t *pgd;
 
+	/* downgrade should only happen from 3 to 2 levels (compat only) */
+	BUG_ON(mm->context.asce_limit != (1UL << 42));
+
 	if (current->active_mm == mm) {
 		clear_user_asce();
 		__tlb_flush_mm(mm);
 	}
-	while (mm->context.asce_limit > limit) {
-		pgd = mm->pgd;
-		switch (pgd_val(*pgd) & _REGION_ENTRY_TYPE_MASK) {
-		case _REGION_ENTRY_TYPE_R2:
-			mm->context.asce_limit = 1UL << 42;
-			mm->context.asce_bits = _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
-						_ASCE_USER_BITS |
-						_ASCE_TYPE_REGION3;
-			break;
-		case _REGION_ENTRY_TYPE_R3:
-			mm->context.asce_limit = 1UL << 31;
-			mm->context.asce_bits = _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
-						_ASCE_USER_BITS |
-						_ASCE_TYPE_SEGMENT;
-			break;
-		default:
-			BUG();
-		}
-		mm->pgd = (pgd_t *) (pgd_val(*pgd) & _REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
-		mm->task_size = mm->context.asce_limit;
-		crst_table_free(mm, (unsigned long *) pgd);
-	}
+
+	pgd = mm->pgd;
+	mm->pgd = (pgd_t *) (pgd_val(*pgd) & _REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
+	mm->context.asce_limit = 1UL << 31;
+	mm->context.asce = __pa(mm->pgd) | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
+			   _ASCE_USER_BITS | _ASCE_TYPE_SEGMENT;
+	mm->task_size = mm->context.asce_limit;
+	crst_table_free(mm, (unsigned long *) pgd);
+
 	if (current->active_mm == mm)
 		set_user_asce(mm);
 }