Merge branch 'sphinx-fixes-for-docs-next' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~jani/drm into test

A set of PDF and other docs related fixes from Jani.

Documentation/Makefile.sphinx

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ _SPHINXDIRS   = $(patsubst $(srctree)/Documentation/%/conf.py,%,$(wildcard $(src
 SPHINX_CONF   = conf.py
 PAPER         =
 BUILDDIR      = $(obj)/output
+PDFLATEX      = xelatex
+LATEXOPTS     = -interaction=batchmode
 
 # User-friendly check for sphinx-build
 HAVE_SPHINX := $(shell if which $(SPHINXBUILD) >/dev/null 2>&1; then echo 1; else echo 0; fi)
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ else ifneq ($(DOCBOOKS),)
 else # HAVE_SPHINX
 
 # User-friendly check for pdflatex
-HAVE_PDFLATEX := $(shell if which xelatex >/dev/null 2>&1; then echo 1; else echo 0; fi)
+HAVE_PDFLATEX := $(shell if which $(PDFLATEX) >/dev/null 2>&1; then echo 1; else echo 0; fi)
 
 # Internal variables.
 PAPEROPT_a4     = -D latex_paper_size=a4
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ loop_cmd = $(echo-cmd) $(cmd_$(1))
 # $5 reST source folder relative to $(srctree)/$(src),
 #    e.g. "media" for the linux-tv book-set at ./Documentation/media
 
-quiet_cmd_sphinx = SPHINX  $@ --> file://$(abspath $(BUILDDIR)/$3/$4);
+quiet_cmd_sphinx = SPHINX  $@ --> file://$(abspath $(BUILDDIR)/$3/$4)
       cmd_sphinx = $(MAKE) BUILDDIR=$(abspath $(BUILDDIR)) $(build)=Documentation/media all;\
 	BUILDDIR=$(abspath $(BUILDDIR)) SPHINX_CONF=$(abspath $(srctree)/$(src)/$5/$(SPHINX_CONF)) \
 	$(SPHINXBUILD) \
@@ -67,16 +69,19 @@ htmldocs:
 	@$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS),$(call loop_cmd,sphinx,html,$(var),,$(var)))
 
 latexdocs:
+	@$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS),$(call loop_cmd,sphinx,latex,$(var),latex,$(var)))
+
 ifeq ($(HAVE_PDFLATEX),0)
-	$(warning The 'xelatex' command was not found. Make sure you have it installed and in PATH to produce PDF output.)
+
+pdfdocs:
+	$(warning The '$(PDFLATEX)' command was not found. Make sure you have it installed and in PATH to produce PDF output.)
 	@echo "  SKIP    Sphinx $@ target."
+
 else # HAVE_PDFLATEX
-	@$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS),$(call loop_cmd,sphinx,latex,$(var),latex,$(var)))
-endif # HAVE_PDFLATEX
 
 pdfdocs: latexdocs
-ifneq ($(HAVE_PDFLATEX),0)
-	$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS), $(MAKE) PDFLATEX=xelatex LATEXOPTS="-interaction=nonstopmode" -C $(BUILDDIR)/$(var)/latex)
+	$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS), $(MAKE) PDFLATEX=$(PDFLATEX) LATEXOPTS="$(LATEXOPTS)" -C $(BUILDDIR)/$(var)/latex;)
+
 endif # HAVE_PDFLATEX
 
 epubdocs:

Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst

@@ -56,3090 +56,8 @@ an unreasonable effort.
 
   Your cooperation is appreciated.
 
-::
-
-   0		Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
-		  0 = reserved as null device number
-		See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
-
-   1 char	Memory devices
-		  1 = /dev/mem		Physical memory access
-		  2 = /dev/kmem		Kernel virtual memory access
-		  3 = /dev/null		Null device
-		  4 = /dev/port		I/O port access
-		  5 = /dev/zero		Null byte source
-		  6 = /dev/core		OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
-		  7 = /dev/full		Returns ENOSPC on write
-		  8 = /dev/random	Nondeterministic random number gen.
-		  9 = /dev/urandom	Faster, less secure random number gen.
-		 10 = /dev/aio		Asynchronous I/O notification interface
-		 11 = /dev/kmsg		Writes to this come out as printk's, reads
-					export the buffered printk records.
-		 12 = /dev/oldmem	OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/vmcore
-
-   1 block	RAM disk
-		  0 = /dev/ram0		First RAM disk
-		  1 = /dev/ram1		Second RAM disk
-		    ...
-		250 = /dev/initrd	Initial RAM disk
-
-		Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
-		/dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
-		by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
-		the initrd.
-
-   2 char	Pseudo-TTY masters
-		  0 = /dev/ptyp0	First PTY master
-		  1 = /dev/ptyp1	Second PTY master
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/ptyef	256th PTY master
-
-		Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
-		* Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
-		* the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
-		  the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
-		* the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
-		  the position within the series.
-
-		These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
-		devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
-		master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
-		demand.
-
-   2 block	Floppy disks
-		  0 = /dev/fd0		Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
-		  1 = /dev/fd1		Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
-		  2 = /dev/fd2		Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
-		  3 = /dev/fd3		Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
-		128 = /dev/fd4		Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
-		129 = /dev/fd5		Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
-		130 = /dev/fd6		Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
-		131 = /dev/fd7		Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
-
-		To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
-		  0 = /dev/fd?		Autodetect format
-		  4 = /dev/fd?d360	5.25"  360K in a 360K  drive(1)
-		 20 = /dev/fd?h360	5.25"  360K in a 1200K drive(1)
-		 48 = /dev/fd?h410	5.25"  410K in a 1200K drive
-		 64 = /dev/fd?h420	5.25"  420K in a 1200K drive
-		 24 = /dev/fd?h720	5.25"  720K in a 1200K drive
-		 80 = /dev/fd?h880	5.25"  880K in a 1200K drive(1)
-		  8 = /dev/fd?h1200	5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
-		 40 = /dev/fd?h1440	5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
-		 56 = /dev/fd?h1476	5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
-		 72 = /dev/fd?h1494	5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
-		 92 = /dev/fd?h1600	5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
-
-		 12 = /dev/fd?u360	3.5"   360K Double Density(2)
-		 16 = /dev/fd?u720	3.5"   720K Double Density(1)
-		120 = /dev/fd?u800	3.5"   800K Double Density(2)
-		 52 = /dev/fd?u820	3.5"   820K Double Density
-		 68 = /dev/fd?u830	3.5"   830K Double Density
-		 84 = /dev/fd?u1040	3.5"  1040K Double Density(1)
-		 88 = /dev/fd?u1120	3.5"  1120K Double Density(1)
-		 28 = /dev/fd?u1440	3.5"  1440K High Density(1)
-		124 = /dev/fd?u1600	3.5"  1600K High Density(1)
-		 44 = /dev/fd?u1680	3.5"  1680K High Density(3)
-		 60 = /dev/fd?u1722	3.5"  1722K High Density
-		 76 = /dev/fd?u1743	3.5"  1743K High Density
-		 96 = /dev/fd?u1760	3.5"  1760K High Density
-		116 = /dev/fd?u1840	3.5"  1840K High Density(3)
-		100 = /dev/fd?u1920	3.5"  1920K High Density(1)
-		 32 = /dev/fd?u2880	3.5"  2880K Extra Density(1)
-		104 = /dev/fd?u3200	3.5"  3200K Extra Density
-		108 = /dev/fd?u3520	3.5"  3520K Extra Density
-		112 = /dev/fd?u3840	3.5"  3840K Extra Density(1)
-
-		 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ	Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
-
-		(1) Autodetectable format
-		(2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
-		(3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
-
-		NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
-		signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
-		5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
-		(any model, u).	 The use of the capital letters D, H
-		and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
-		the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
-
-   3 char	Pseudo-TTY slaves
-		  0 = /dev/ttyp0	First PTY slave
-		  1 = /dev/ttyp1	Second PTY slave
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/ttyef	256th PTY slave
-
-		These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
-		devices are on major 136 and above.
-
-   3 block	First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hda		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdb		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
-		  0 = /dev/hd?		Whole disk
-		  1 = /dev/hd?1		First partition
-		  2 = /dev/hd?2		Second partition
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/hd?63	63rd partition
-
-		For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
-		partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
-		Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
-		appropriate to their respective architectures.
-
-   4 char	TTY devices
-		  0 = /dev/tty0		Current virtual console
-
-		  1 = /dev/tty1		First virtual console
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/tty63	63rd virtual console
-		 64 = /dev/ttyS0	First UART serial port
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/ttyS191	192nd UART serial port
-
-		UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
-
-		Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
-		number for BSD PTY devices.  As of Linux 2.1.115, this
-		is no longer supported.	 Use major numbers 2 and 3.
-
-   4 block	Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
-		when its not possible to create the real device nodes
-		because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
-
-		   0 = /dev/root
-
-   5 char	Alternate TTY devices
-		  0 = /dev/tty		Current TTY device
-		  1 = /dev/console	System console
-		  2 = /dev/ptmx		PTY master multiplex
-		  3 = /dev/ttyprintk	User messages via printk TTY device
-		 64 = /dev/cua0		Callout device for ttyS0
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/cua191	Callout device for ttyS191
-
-		(5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71.  See
-		the section on terminal devices for more information
-		on /dev/console.
-
-   6 char	Parallel printer devices
-		  0 = /dev/lp0		Parallel printer on parport0
-		  1 = /dev/lp1		Parallel printer on parport1
-		    ...
-
-		Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
-		between parallel ports and I/O addresses.  Instead,
-		they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
-
-   7 char	Virtual console capture devices
-		  0 = /dev/vcs		Current vc text contents
-		  1 = /dev/vcs1		tty1 text contents
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/vcs63	tty63 text contents
-		128 = /dev/vcsa		Current vc text/attribute contents
-		129 = /dev/vcsa1	tty1 text/attribute contents
-		    ...
-		191 = /dev/vcsa63	tty63 text/attribute contents
-
-		NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
-
-   7 block	Loopback devices
-		  0 = /dev/loop0	First loop device
-		  1 = /dev/loop1	Second loop device
-		    ...
-
-		The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
-		associated with block devices.	The binding to the
-		loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
-
-   8 block	SCSI disk devices (0-15)
-		  0 = /dev/sda		First SCSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/sdb		Second SCSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/sdc		Third SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/sdp		Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-   9 char	SCSI tape devices
-		  0 = /dev/st0		First SCSI tape, mode 0
-		  1 = /dev/st1		Second SCSI tape, mode 0
-		    ...
-		 32 = /dev/st0l		First SCSI tape, mode 1
-		 33 = /dev/st1l		Second SCSI tape, mode 1
-		    ...
-		 64 = /dev/st0m		First SCSI tape, mode 2
-		 65 = /dev/st1m		Second SCSI tape, mode 2
-		    ...
-		 96 = /dev/st0a		First SCSI tape, mode 3
-		 97 = /dev/st1a		Second SCSI tape, mode 3
-		      ...
-		128 = /dev/nst0		First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
-		129 = /dev/nst1		Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
-		    ...
-		160 = /dev/nst0l	First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
-		161 = /dev/nst1l	Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
-		    ...
-		192 = /dev/nst0m	First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
-		193 = /dev/nst1m	Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
-		    ...
-		224 = /dev/nst0a	First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
-		225 = /dev/nst1a	Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
-		    ...
-
-		"No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
-		automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
-		ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
-		the device used to access it.
-
-   9 block	Metadisk (RAID) devices
-		  0 = /dev/md0		First metadisk group
-		  1 = /dev/md1		Second metadisk group
-		    ...
-
-		The metadisk driver is used to span a
-		filesystem across multiple physical disks.
-
-  10 char	Non-serial mice, misc features
-		  0 = /dev/logibm	Logitech bus mouse
-		  1 = /dev/psaux	PS/2-style mouse port
-		  2 = /dev/inportbm	Microsoft Inport bus mouse
-		  3 = /dev/atibm	ATI XL bus mouse
-		  4 = /dev/jbm		J-mouse
-		  4 = /dev/amigamouse	Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
-		  5 = /dev/atarimouse	Atari mouse
-		  6 = /dev/sunmouse	Sun mouse
-		  7 = /dev/amigamouse1	Second Amiga mouse
-		  8 = /dev/smouse	Simple serial mouse driver
-		  9 = /dev/pc110pad	IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
-		 10 = /dev/adbmouse	Apple Desktop Bus mouse
-		 11 = /dev/vrtpanel	Vr41xx embedded touch panel
-		 13 = /dev/vpcmouse	Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
-		 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00  UCB 1x00 touchscreen
-		 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712	MK712 touchscreen
-		128 = /dev/beep		Fancy beep device
-		129 =
-		130 = /dev/watchdog	Watchdog timer port
-		131 = /dev/temperature	Machine internal temperature
-		132 = /dev/hwtrap	Hardware fault trap
-		133 = /dev/exttrp	External device trap
-		134 = /dev/apm_bios	Advanced Power Management BIOS
-		135 = /dev/rtc		Real Time Clock
-		137 = /dev/vhci		Bluetooth virtual HCI driver
-		139 = /dev/openprom	SPARC OpenBoot PROM
-		140 = /dev/relay8	Berkshire Products Octal relay card
-		141 = /dev/relay16	Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
-		142 =
-		143 = /dev/pciconf	PCI configuration space
-		144 = /dev/nvram	Non-volatile configuration RAM
-		145 = /dev/hfmodem	Soundcard shortwave modem control
-		146 = /dev/graphics	Linux/SGI graphics device
-		147 = /dev/opengl	Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
-		148 = /dev/gfx		Linux/SGI graphics effects device
-		149 = /dev/input/mouse	Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
-		150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
-		151 = /dev/led		Front panel LEDs
-		152 = /dev/kpoll	Kernel Poll Driver
-		153 = /dev/mergemem	Memory merge device
-		154 = /dev/pmu		Macintosh PowerBook power manager
-		155 = /dev/isictl	MultiTech ISICom serial control
-		156 = /dev/lcd		Front panel LCD display
-		157 = /dev/ac		Applicom Intl Profibus card
-		158 = /dev/nwbutton	Netwinder external button
-		159 = /dev/nwdebug	Netwinder debug interface
-		160 = /dev/nwflash	Netwinder flash memory
-		161 = /dev/userdma	User-space DMA access
-		162 = /dev/smbus	System Management Bus
-		163 = /dev/lik		Logitech Internet Keyboard
-		164 = /dev/ipmo		Intel Intelligent Platform Management
-		165 = /dev/vmmon	VMware virtual machine monitor
-		166 = /dev/i2o/ctl	I2O configuration manager
-		167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
-		168 = /dev/tcldrv	Technology Concepts serial control
-		169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
-		170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad	IBM Thinkpad devices
-		171 = /dev/srripc	QNX4 API IPC manager
-		172 = /dev/usemaclone	Semaphore clone device
-		173 = /dev/ipmikcs	Intelligent Platform Management
-		174 = /dev/uctrl	SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
-		175 = /dev/agpgart	AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
-		176 = /dev/gtrsc	Gorgy Timing radio clock
-		177 = /dev/cbm		Serial CBM bus
-		178 = /dev/jsflash	JavaStation OS flash SIMM
-		179 = /dev/xsvc		High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
-		180 = /dev/vrbuttons	Vr41xx button input device
-		181 = /dev/toshiba	Toshiba laptop SMM support
-		182 = /dev/perfctr	Performance-monitoring counters
-		183 = /dev/hwrng	Generic random number generator
-		184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
-		186 = /dev/atomicps	Atomic shapshot of process state data
-		187 = /dev/irnet	IrNET device
-		188 = /dev/smbusbios	SMBus BIOS
-		189 = /dev/ussp_ctl	User space serial port control
-		190 = /dev/crash	Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
-		191 = /dev/pcl181	<information missing>
-		192 = /dev/nas_xbus	NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
-		193 = /dev/d7s		SPARC 7-segment display
-		194 = /dev/zkshim	Zero-Knowledge network shim control
-		195 = /dev/elographics/e2201	Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
-		196 = /dev/vfio/vfio	VFIO userspace driver interface
-		197 = /dev/pxa3xx-gcu	PXA3xx graphics controller unit driver
-		198 = /dev/sexec	Signed executable interface
-		199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
-		200 = /dev/net/tun	TAP/TUN network device
-		201 = /dev/button/gulpb	Transmeta GULP-B buttons
-		202 = /dev/emd/ctl	Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
-		203 = /dev/cuse		Cuse (character device in user-space)
-		204 = /dev/video/em8300		EM8300 DVD decoder control
-		205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv	EM8300 DVD decoder video
-		206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma	EM8300 DVD decoder audio
-		207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp	EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
-		208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc	Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
-		209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid	Compaq Remote Insight Driver
-		210 = /dev/impi/bt	IMPI coprocessor block transfer
-		211 = /dev/impi/smic	IMPI coprocessor stream interface
-		212 = /dev/watchdogs/0	First watchdog device
-		213 = /dev/watchdogs/1	Second watchdog device
-		214 = /dev/watchdogs/2	Third watchdog device
-		215 = /dev/watchdogs/3	Fourth watchdog device
-		216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel	Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
-		217 = /dev/ni/natmotn		National Instruments Motion
-		218 = /dev/kchuid	Inter-process chuid control
-		219 = /dev/modems/mwave	MWave modem firmware upload
-		220 = /dev/mptctl	Message passing technology (MPT) control
-		221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi	Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
-		222 = /dev/mvista/hasi		Montavista PICMG high availability
-		223 = /dev/input/uinput		User level driver support for input
-		224 = /dev/tpm		TCPA TPM driver
-		225 = /dev/pps		Pulse Per Second driver
-		226 = /dev/systrace	Systrace device
-		227 = /dev/mcelog	X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
-		228 = /dev/hpet		HPET driver
-		229 = /dev/fuse		Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
-		230 = /dev/midishare	MidiShare driver
-		231 = /dev/snapshot	System memory snapshot device
-		232 = /dev/kvm		Kernel-based virtual machine (hardware virtualization extensions)
-		233 = /dev/kmview	View-OS A process with a view
-		234 = /dev/btrfs-control	Btrfs control device
-		235 = /dev/autofs	Autofs control device
-		236 = /dev/mapper/control	Device-Mapper control device
-		237 = /dev/loop-control Loopback control device
-		238 = /dev/vhost-net	Host kernel accelerator for virtio net
-		239 = /dev/uhid		User-space I/O driver support for HID subsystem
-
-		240-254			Reserved for local use
-		255			Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
-
-  11 char	Raw keyboard device	(Linux/SPARC only)
-		  0 = /dev/kbd		Raw keyboard device
-
-  11 char	Serial Mux device	(Linux/PA-RISC only)
-		  0 = /dev/ttyB0	First mux port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyB1	Second mux port
-		    ...
-
-  11 block	SCSI CD-ROM devices
-		  0 = /dev/scd0		First SCSI CD-ROM
-		  1 = /dev/scd1		Second SCSI CD-ROM
-		    ...
-
-		The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
-
-  12 char	QIC-02 tape
-		  2 = /dev/ntpqic11	QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
-		  3 = /dev/tpqic11	QIC-11, rewind-on-close
-		  4 = /dev/ntpqic24	QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
-		  5 = /dev/tpqic24	QIC-24, rewind-on-close
-		  6 = /dev/ntpqic120	QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
-		  7 = /dev/tpqic120	QIC-120, rewind-on-close
-		  8 = /dev/ntpqic150	QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
-		  9 = /dev/tpqic150	QIC-150, rewind-on-close
-
-		The device names specified are proposed -- if there
-		are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
-
-  12 block
-
-  13 char	Input core
-		  0 = /dev/input/js0	First joystick
-		  1 = /dev/input/js1	Second joystick
-		    ...
-		 32 = /dev/input/mouse0	First mouse
-		 33 = /dev/input/mouse1	Second mouse
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/input/mice	Unified mouse
-		 64 = /dev/input/event0	First event queue
-		 65 = /dev/input/event1	Second event queue
-		    ...
-
-		Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
-
-  13 block	Previously used for the XT disk (/dev/xdN)
-		Deleted in kernel v3.9.
-
-  14 char	Open Sound System (OSS)
-		  0 = /dev/mixer	Mixer control
-		  1 = /dev/sequencer	Audio sequencer
-		  2 = /dev/midi00	First MIDI port
-		  3 = /dev/dsp		Digital audio
-		  4 = /dev/audio	Sun-compatible digital audio
-		  6 =
-		  7 = /dev/audioctl	SPARC audio control device
-		  8 = /dev/sequencer2	Sequencer -- alternate device
-		 16 = /dev/mixer1	Second soundcard mixer control
-		 17 = /dev/patmgr0	Sequencer patch manager
-		 18 = /dev/midi01	Second MIDI port
-		 19 = /dev/dsp1		Second soundcard digital audio
-		 20 = /dev/audio1	Second soundcard Sun digital audio
-		 33 = /dev/patmgr1	Sequencer patch manager
-		 34 = /dev/midi02	Third MIDI port
-		 50 = /dev/midi03	Fourth MIDI port
-
-  14 block
-
-  15 char	Joystick
-		  0 = /dev/js0		First analog joystick
-		  1 = /dev/js1		Second analog joystick
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/djs0		First digital joystick
-		129 = /dev/djs1		Second digital joystick
-		    ...
-  15 block	Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/sonycd	Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
-
-  16 char	Non-SCSI scanners
-		  0 = /dev/gs4500	Genius 4500 handheld scanner
-
-  16 block	GoldStar CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/gscd		GoldStar CD-ROM
-
-  17 char	OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card)
-		  0 = /dev/ttyH0	First Chase port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyH1	Second Chase port
-		    ...
-  17 block	Optics Storage CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/optcd	Optics Storage CD-ROM
-
-  18 char	OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card - alternate devices)
-		  0 = /dev/cuh0		Callout device for ttyH0
-		  1 = /dev/cuh1		Callout device for ttyH1
-		    ...
-  18 block	Sanyo CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/sjcd		Sanyo CD-ROM
-
-  19 char	Cyclades serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyC0	First Cyclades port
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/ttyC31	32nd Cyclades port
-
-  19 block	"Double" compressed disk
-		  0 = /dev/double0	First compressed disk
-		    ...
-		  7 = /dev/double7	Eighth compressed disk
-		128 = /dev/cdouble0	Mirror of first compressed disk
-		    ...
-		135 = /dev/cdouble7	Mirror of eighth compressed disk
-
-		See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
-		mirror devices.
-
-  20 char	Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cub0		Callout device for ttyC0
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/cub31	Callout device for ttyC31
-
-  20 block	Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
-		  0 = /dev/hitcd	Hitachi CD-ROM
-
-  21 char	Generic SCSI access
-		  0 = /dev/sg0		First generic SCSI device
-		  1 = /dev/sg1		Second generic SCSI device
-		    ...
-
-		Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
-		this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
-		the system and is counter to standard Linux
-		device-naming practice.
-
-  21 block	Acorn MFM hard drive interface
-		  0 = /dev/mfma		First MFM drive whole disk
-		 64 = /dev/mfmb		Second MFM drive whole disk
-
-		This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
-		(see major number 3).
-
-  22 char	Digiboard serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyD0	First Digiboard port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyD1	Second Digiboard port
-		    ...
-  22 block	Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hdc		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdd		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  23 char	Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cud0		Callout device for ttyD0
-		  1 = /dev/cud1		Callout device for ttyD1
-		      ...
-  23 block	Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/mcd		Mitsumi CD-ROM
-
-  24 char	Stallion serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyE0	Stallion port 0 card 0
-		  1 = /dev/ttyE1	Stallion port 1 card 0
-		    ...
-		 64 = /dev/ttyE64	Stallion port 0 card 1
-		 65 = /dev/ttyE65	Stallion port 1 card 1
-		      ...
-		128 = /dev/ttyE128	Stallion port 0 card 2
-		129 = /dev/ttyE129	Stallion port 1 card 2
-		    ...
-		192 = /dev/ttyE192	Stallion port 0 card 3
-		193 = /dev/ttyE193	Stallion port 1 card 3
-		    ...
-  24 block	Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/cdu535	Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
-
-  25 char	Stallion serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cue0		Callout device for ttyE0
-		  1 = /dev/cue1		Callout device for ttyE1
-		    ...
-		 64 = /dev/cue64	Callout device for ttyE64
-		 65 = /dev/cue65	Callout device for ttyE65
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/cue128	Callout device for ttyE128
-		129 = /dev/cue129	Callout device for ttyE129
-		    ...
-		192 = /dev/cue192	Callout device for ttyE192
-		193 = /dev/cue193	Callout device for ttyE193
-		      ...
-  25 block	First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/sbpcd0	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
-		  1 = /dev/sbpcd1	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
-		  2 = /dev/sbpcd2	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
-		  3 = /dev/sbpcd3	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
-
-  26 char
-
-  26 block	Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/sbpcd4	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
-		  1 = /dev/sbpcd5	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
-		  2 = /dev/sbpcd6	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
-		  3 = /dev/sbpcd7	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
-
-  27 char	QIC-117 tape
-		  0 = /dev/qft0		Unit 0, rewind-on-close
-		  1 = /dev/qft1		Unit 1, rewind-on-close
-		  2 = /dev/qft2		Unit 2, rewind-on-close
-		  3 = /dev/qft3		Unit 3, rewind-on-close
-		  4 = /dev/nqft0	Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
-		  5 = /dev/nqft1	Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
-		  6 = /dev/nqft2	Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
-		  7 = /dev/nqft3	Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
-		 16 = /dev/zqft0	Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
-		 17 = /dev/zqft1	Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
-		 18 = /dev/zqft2	Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
-		 19 = /dev/zqft3	Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
-		 20 = /dev/nzqft0	Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
-		 21 = /dev/nzqft1	Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
-		 22 = /dev/nzqft2	Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
-		 23 = /dev/nzqft3	Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
-		 32 = /dev/rawqft0	Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
-		 33 = /dev/rawqft1	Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
-		 34 = /dev/rawqft2	Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
-		 35 = /dev/rawqft3	Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
-		 36 = /dev/nrawqft0	Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
-		 37 = /dev/nrawqft1	Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
-		 38 = /dev/nrawqft2	Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
-		 39 = /dev/nrawqft3	Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
-
-  27 block	Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/sbpcd8	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
-		  1 = /dev/sbpcd9	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
-		  2 = /dev/sbpcd10	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
-		  3 = /dev/sbpcd11	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
-
-  28 char	Stallion serial card - card programming
-		  0 = /dev/staliomem0	First Stallion card I/O memory
-		  1 = /dev/staliomem1	Second Stallion card I/O memory
-		  2 = /dev/staliomem2	Third Stallion card I/O memory
-		  3 = /dev/staliomem3	Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
-
-  28 char	Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
-		  0 = /dev/slm0		First SLM laser printer
-		  1 = /dev/slm1		Second SLM laser printer
-		    ...
-  28 block	Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/sbpcd12	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
-		  1 = /dev/sbpcd13	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
-		  2 = /dev/sbpcd14	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
-		  3 = /dev/sbpcd15	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
-
-  28 block	ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
-		  0 = /dev/ada		First ACSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/adb		Second ACSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/adc		Third ACSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/adp		16th ACSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15, like SCSI.
-
-  29 char	Universal frame buffer
-		  0 = /dev/fb0		First frame buffer
-		  1 = /dev/fb1		Second frame buffer
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/fb31		32nd frame buffer
-
-  29 block	Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/aztcd	Aztech CD-ROM
-
-  30 char	iBCS-2 compatibility devices
-		  0 = /dev/socksys	Socket access
-		  1 = /dev/spx		SVR3 local X interface
-		 32 = /dev/inet/ip	Network access
-		 33 = /dev/inet/icmp
-		 34 = /dev/inet/ggp
-		 35 = /dev/inet/ipip
-		 36 = /dev/inet/tcp
-		 37 = /dev/inet/egp
-		 38 = /dev/inet/pup
-		 39 = /dev/inet/udp
-		 40 = /dev/inet/idp
-		 41 = /dev/inet/rawip
-
-		Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
-
-		/dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
-		/dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
-		/dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
-		/dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
-		/dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
-		/dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
-		/dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
-		/dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
-		/dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
-		/dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
-		/dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
-		/dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
-		/dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
-		/dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
-
-  30 block	Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/cm205cd	Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
-
-		/dev/lmscd is an older name for this device.  This
-		driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
-
-  31 char	MPU-401 MIDI
-		  0 = /dev/mpu401data	MPU-401 data port
-		  1 = /dev/mpu401stat	MPU-401 status port
-
-  31 block	ROM/flash memory card
-		  0 = /dev/rom0		First ROM card (rw)
-		      ...
-		  7 = /dev/rom7		Eighth ROM card (rw)
-		  8 = /dev/rrom0	First ROM card (ro)
-		    ...
-		 15 = /dev/rrom7	Eighth ROM card (ro)
-		 16 = /dev/flash0	First flash memory card (rw)
-		    ...
-		 23 = /dev/flash7	Eighth flash memory card (rw)
-		 24 = /dev/rflash0	First flash memory card (ro)
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/rflash7	Eighth flash memory card (ro)
-
-		The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
-		written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
-		devices.  The read-only devices (ro) support reading
-		only.
-
-  32 char	Specialix serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyX0	First Specialix port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyX1	Second Specialix port
-		    ...
-  32 block	Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/cm206cd	Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
-
-  33 char	Specialix serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cux0		Callout device for ttyX0
-		  1 = /dev/cux1		Callout device for ttyX1
-		    ...
-  33 block	Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hde		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdf		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  34 char	Z8530 HDLC driver
-		  0 = /dev/scc0		First Z8530, first port
-		  1 = /dev/scc1		First Z8530, second port
-		  2 = /dev/scc2		Second Z8530, first port
-		  3 = /dev/scc3		Second Z8530, second port
-		    ...
-
-		In a previous version these devices were named
-		/dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
-		on.
-
-  34 block	Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hdg		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdh		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  35 char	tclmidi MIDI driver
-		  0 = /dev/midi0	First MIDI port, kernel timed
-		  1 = /dev/midi1	Second MIDI port, kernel timed
-		  2 = /dev/midi2	Third MIDI port, kernel timed
-		  3 = /dev/midi3	Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
-		 64 = /dev/rmidi0	First MIDI port, untimed
-		 65 = /dev/rmidi1	Second MIDI port, untimed
-		 66 = /dev/rmidi2	Third MIDI port, untimed
-		 67 = /dev/rmidi3	Fourth MIDI port, untimed
-		128 = /dev/smpte0	First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
-		129 = /dev/smpte1	Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
-		130 = /dev/smpte2	Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
-		131 = /dev/smpte3	Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
-
-  35 block	Slow memory ramdisk
-		  0 = /dev/slram	Slow memory ramdisk
-
-  36 char	Netlink support
-		  0 = /dev/route	Routing, device updates, kernel to user
-		  1 = /dev/skip		enSKIP security cache control
-		  3 = /dev/fwmonitor	Firewall packet copies
-		 16 = /dev/tap0		First Ethertap device
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/tap15	16th Ethertap device
-
-  36 block	OBSOLETE (was MCA ESDI hard disk)
-
-  37 char	IDE tape
-		  0 = /dev/ht0		First IDE tape
-		  1 = /dev/ht1		Second IDE tape
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/nht0		First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
-		129 = /dev/nht1		Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
-		    ...
-
-		Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
-
-  37 block	Zorro II ramdisk
-		  0 = /dev/z2ram	Zorro II ramdisk
-
-  38 char	Myricom PCI Myrinet board
-		  0 = /dev/mlanai0	First Myrinet board
-		  1 = /dev/mlanai1	Second Myrinet board
-		    ...
-
-		This device is used for status query, board control
-		and "user level packet I/O."  This board is also
-		accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
-
-  38 block	OBSOLETE (was Linux/AP+)
-
-  39 char	ML-16P experimental I/O board
-		  0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0	First card, first analog channel
-		  1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1	First card, second analog channel
-		    ...
-		 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15	First card, 16th analog channel
-		 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d	First card, digital lines
-		 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0	First card, first counter/timer
-		 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1	First card, second counter/timer
-		 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2	First card, third counter/timer
-		 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0	Second card, first analog channel
-		 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1	Second card, second analog channel
-		    ...
-		 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15	Second card, 16th analog channel
-		 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d	Second card, digital lines
-		 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0	Second card, first counter/timer
-		 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1	Second card, second counter/timer
-		 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2	Second card, third counter/timer
-		      ...
-  39 block
-
-  40 char
-
-  40 block
-
-  41 char	Yet Another Micro Monitor
-		  0 = /dev/yamm		Yet Another Micro Monitor
-
-  41 block
-
-  42 char	Demo/sample use
-
-  42 block	Demo/sample use
-
-		This number is intended for use in sample code, as
-		well as a general "example" device number.  It
-		should never be used for a device driver that is being
-		distributed; either obtain an official number or use
-		the local/experimental range.  The sudden addition or
-		removal of a driver with this number should not cause
-		ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
-
-		IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
-		DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
-
-  43 char	isdn4linux virtual modem
-		  0 = /dev/ttyI0	First virtual modem
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/ttyI63	64th virtual modem
-
-  43 block	Network block devices
-		  0 = /dev/nb0		First network block device
-		  1 = /dev/nb1		Second network block device
-		    ...
-
-		Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
-		devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
-		network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
-		sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
-		to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
-		the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
-
-  44 char	isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cui0		Callout device for ttyI0
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/cui63	Callout device for ttyI63
-
-  44 block	Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
-		  0 = /dev/ftla		FTL on first Memory Technology Device
-		 16 = /dev/ftlb		FTL on second Memory Technology Device
-		 32 = /dev/ftlc		FTL on third Memory Technology Device
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ftlp		FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
-		limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
-
-  45 char	isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
-		  0 = /dev/isdn0	First virtual B channel raw data
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/isdn63	64th virtual B channel raw data
-		 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0	First channel control/debug
-		    ...
-		127 = /dev/isdnctrl63	64th channel control/debug
-
-		128 = /dev/ippp0	First SyncPPP device
-		    ...
-		191 = /dev/ippp63	64th SyncPPP device
-
-		255 = /dev/isdninfo	ISDN monitor interface
-
-  45 block	Parallel port IDE disk devices
-		  0 = /dev/pda		First parallel port IDE disk
-		 16 = /dev/pdb		Second parallel port IDE disk
-		 32 = /dev/pdc		Third parallel port IDE disk
-		 48 = /dev/pdd		Fourth parallel port IDE disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
-		limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
-
-  46 char	Comtrol Rocketport serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyR0	First Rocketport port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyR1	Second Rocketport port
-		    ...
-  46 block	Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
-		  0 = /dev/pcd0		First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
-		  1 = /dev/pcd1		Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
-		  2 = /dev/pcd2		Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
-		  3 = /dev/pcd3		Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
-
-  47 char	Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cur0		Callout device for ttyR0
-		  1 = /dev/cur1		Callout device for ttyR1
-		    ...
-  47 block	Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
-		  0 = /dev/pf0		First parallel port ATAPI disk
-		  1 = /dev/pf1		Second parallel port ATAPI disk
-		  2 = /dev/pf2		Third parallel port ATAPI disk
-		  3 = /dev/pf3		Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
-
-		This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
-		devices and hence does not support partitioning.
-
-  48 char	SDL RISCom serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyL0	First RISCom port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyL1	Second RISCom port
-		    ...
-  48 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c0d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c0d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c0d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		For partitions add:
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c?d?	Whole disk
-		  1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1	First partition
-		    ...
-		  7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7	Seventh partition
-
-  49 char	SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cul0		Callout device for ttyL0
-		  1 = /dev/cul1		Callout device for ttyL1
-		    ...
-  49 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c1d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c1d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c1d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
-  50 char	Reserved for GLINT
-
-  50 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c2d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c2d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c2d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-  51 char	Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
-		  0 = /dev/bc0		First Baycom radio modem
-		  1 = /dev/bc1		Second Baycom radio modem
-		    ...
-  51 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c3d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c3d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c3d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
-  52 char	Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
-		  0 = /dev/dcbri0	First DataComm card
-		  1 = /dev/dcbri1	Second DataComm card
-		  2 = /dev/dcbri2	Third DataComm card
-		  3 = /dev/dcbri3	Fourth DataComm card
-
-  52 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c4d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c4d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c4d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
-  53 char	BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
-		  0 = /dev/pd_bdm0	PD BDM interface on lp0
-		  1 = /dev/pd_bdm1	PD BDM interface on lp1
-		  2 = /dev/pd_bdm2	PD BDM interface on lp2
-		  4 = /dev/icd_bdm0	ICD BDM interface on lp0
-		  5 = /dev/icd_bdm1	ICD BDM interface on lp1
-		  6 = /dev/icd_bdm2	ICD BDM interface on lp2
-
-		This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
-		microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
-		Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
-		Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
-		by P&E.
-
-  53 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c5d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c5d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c5d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
-  54 char	Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
-		  0 = /dev/holter0	First Holter port
-		  1 = /dev/holter1	Second Holter port
-		  2 = /dev/holter2	Third Holter port
-
-		A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
-		<mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
-		24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
-
-  54 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c6d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c6d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c6d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
-  55 char	DSP56001 digital signal processor
-		  0 = /dev/dsp56k	First DSP56001
-
-  55 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c7d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c7d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c7d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
-  56 char	Apple Desktop Bus
-		  0 = /dev/adb		ADB bus control
-
-		Additional devices will be added to this number, all
-		starting with /dev/adb.
-
-  56 block	Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hdi		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdj		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  57 char	Hayes ESP serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyP0	First ESP port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyP1	Second ESP port
-		    ...
-
-  57 block	Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hdk		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdl		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  58 char	Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cup0		Callout device for ttyP0
-		  1 = /dev/cup1		Callout device for ttyP1
-		    ...
-
-  58 block	Reserved for logical volume manager
-
-  59 char	sf firewall package
-		  0 = /dev/firewall	Communication with sf kernel module
-
-  59 block	Generic PDA filesystem device
-		  0 = /dev/pda0		First PDA device
-		  1 = /dev/pda1		Second PDA device
-		    ...
-
-		The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
-		remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
-		proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
-		running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
-		IRDA / parallel links.
-
-		NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
-
-  60-63 char	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
-
-  60-63 block	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
-		Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
-		assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
-		used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
-
-  64 char	ENskip kernel encryption package
-		  0 = /dev/enskip	Communication with ENskip kernel module
-
-  64 block	Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
-		  0 = /dev/scramdisk/master    Master node for ioctls
-		  1 = /dev/scramdisk/1         First encrypted device
-		  2 = /dev/scramdisk/2         Second encrypted device
-		  ...
-		255 = /dev/scramdisk/255       255th encrypted device
-
-		The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
-		are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
-		node which then activates them via one of the
-		/dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
-		through the sdmount tool).
-
-		Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org
-
-  65 char	Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
-		  0 = /dev/plink0	First plink device
-		  1 = /dev/plink1	Second plink device
-		  2 = /dev/plink2	Third plink device
-		  3 = /dev/plink3	Fourth plink device
-		 64 = /dev/rplink0	First plink device, raw
-		 65 = /dev/rplink1	Second plink device, raw
-		 66 = /dev/rplink2	Third plink device, raw
-		 67 = /dev/rplink3	Fourth plink device, raw
-		128 = /dev/plink0d	First plink device, debug
-		129 = /dev/plink1d	Second plink device, debug
-		130 = /dev/plink2d	Third plink device, debug
-		131 = /dev/plink3d	Fourth plink device, debug
-		192 = /dev/rplink0d	First plink device, raw, debug
-		193 = /dev/rplink1d	Second plink device, raw, debug
-		194 = /dev/rplink2d	Third plink device, raw, debug
-		195 = /dev/rplink3d	Fourth plink device, raw, debug
-
-		This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
-		<jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.
-
-  65 block	SCSI disk devices (16-31)
-		  0 = /dev/sdq		17th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/sdr		18th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/sds		19th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/sdaf		32nd SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  66 char	YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
-		  0 = /dev/yppcpci0	First YARC card
-		  1 = /dev/yppcpci1	Second YARC card
-		    ...
-
-  66 block	SCSI disk devices (32-47)
-		  0 = /dev/sdag		33th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/sdah		34th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/sdai		35th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/sdav		48nd SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  67 char	Coda network file system
-		  0 = /dev/cfs0		Coda cache manager
-
-		See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
-
-  67 block	SCSI disk devices (48-63)
-		  0 = /dev/sdaw		49th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/sdax		50th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/sday		51st SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/sdbl		64th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  68 char	CAPI 2.0 interface
-		  0 = /dev/capi20	Control device
-		  1 = /dev/capi20.00	First CAPI 2.0 application
-		  2 = /dev/capi20.01	Second CAPI 2.0 application
-		    ...
-		 20 = /dev/capi20.19	19th CAPI 2.0 application
-
-		ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
-		applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
-
-  68 block	SCSI disk devices (64-79)
-		  0 = /dev/sdbm		65th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/sdbn		66th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/sdbo		67th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/sdcb		80th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  69 char	MA16 numeric accelerator card
-		  0 = /dev/ma16		Board memory access
-
-  69 block	SCSI disk devices (80-95)
-		  0 = /dev/sdcc		81st SCSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/sdcd		82nd SCSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/sdce		83th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/sdcr		96th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  70 char	SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
-		  0 = /dev/apscfg	Configuration interface
-		  1 = /dev/apsauth	Authentication interface
-		  2 = /dev/apslog	Logging interface
-		  3 = /dev/apsdbg	Debugging interface
-		 64 = /dev/apsisdn	ISDN command interface
-		 65 = /dev/apsasync	Async command interface
-		128 = /dev/apsmon	Monitor interface
-
-  70 block	SCSI disk devices (96-111)
-		  0 = /dev/sdcs		97th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/sdct		98th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/sdcu		99th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/sddh		112nd SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  71 char	Computone IntelliPort II serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyF0	IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
-		  1 = /dev/ttyF1	IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/ttyF63	IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
-		 64 = /dev/ttyF64	IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
-		 65 = /dev/ttyF65	IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
-		    ...
-		127 = /dev/ttyF127	IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
-		128 = /dev/ttyF128	IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
-		129 = /dev/ttyF129	IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
-		    ...
-		191 = /dev/ttyF191	IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
-		192 = /dev/ttyF192	IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
-		193 = /dev/ttyF193	IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/ttyF255	IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
-
-  71 block	SCSI disk devices (112-127)
-		  0 = /dev/sddi		113th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/sddj		114th SCSI disk whole disk
-		 32 = /dev/sddk		115th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/sddx		128th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  72 char	Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cuf0		Callout device for ttyF0
-		  1 = /dev/cuf1		Callout device for ttyF1
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/cuf63	Callout device for ttyF63
-		 64 = /dev/cuf64	Callout device for ttyF64
-		 65 = /dev/cuf65	Callout device for ttyF65
-		    ...
-		127 = /dev/cuf127	Callout device for ttyF127
-		128 = /dev/cuf128	Callout device for ttyF128
-		129 = /dev/cuf129	Callout device for ttyF129
-		    ...
-		191 = /dev/cuf191	Callout device for ttyF191
-		192 = /dev/cuf192	Callout device for ttyF192
-		193 = /dev/cuf193	Callout device for ttyF193
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/cuf255	Callout device for ttyF255
-
-  72 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
-		  0 = /dev/ida/c0d0	First logical drive whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1	Second logical drive whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ida/c0d15	16th logical drive whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  73 char	Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
-		  0 = /dev/ip2ipl0	Loadware device for board 0
-		  1 = /dev/ip2stat0	Status device for board 0
-		  4 = /dev/ip2ipl1	Loadware device for board 1
-		  5 = /dev/ip2stat1	Status device for board 1
-		  8 = /dev/ip2ipl2	Loadware device for board 2
-		  9 = /dev/ip2stat2	Status device for board 2
-		 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3	Loadware device for board 3
-		 13 = /dev/ip2stat3	Status device for board 3
-
-  73 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
-		  0 = /dev/ida/c1d0	First logical drive whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1	Second logical drive whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ida/c1d15	16th logical drive whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  74 char	SCI bridge
-		  0 = /dev/SCI/0	SCI device 0
-		  1 = /dev/SCI/1	SCI device 1
-		    ...
-
-		Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
-		bridge.
-
-  74 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
-		  0 = /dev/ida/c2d0	First logical drive whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1	Second logical drive whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ida/c2d15	16th logical drive whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  75 char	Specialix IO8+ serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyW0	First IO8+ port, first card
-		  1 = /dev/ttyW1	Second IO8+ port, first card
-		    ...
-		  8 = /dev/ttyW8	First IO8+ port, second card
-		    ...
-
-  75 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
-		  0 = /dev/ida/c3d0	First logical drive whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1	Second logical drive whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ida/c3d15	16th logical drive whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  76 char	Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cuw0		Callout device for ttyW0
-		  1 = /dev/cuw1		Callout device for ttyW1
-		    ...
-		  8 = /dev/cuw8		Callout device for ttyW8
-		    ...
-
-  76 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
-		  0 = /dev/ida/c4d0	First logical drive whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1	Second logical drive whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ida/c4d15	16th logical drive whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-
-  77 char	ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
-		  0 = /dev/qng		ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
-
-  77 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
-		  0 = /dev/ida/c5d0	First logical drive whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1	Second logical drive whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ida/c5d15	16th logical drive whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  78 char	PAM Software's multimodem boards
-		  0 = /dev/ttyM0	First PAM modem
-		  1 = /dev/ttyM1	Second PAM modem
-		    ...
-
-  78 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
-		  0 = /dev/ida/c6d0	First logical drive whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1	Second logical drive whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ida/c6d15	16th logical drive whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  79 char	PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cum0		Callout device for ttyM0
-		  1 = /dev/cum1		Callout device for ttyM1
-		    ...
-
-  79 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller
-		  0 = /dev/ida/c7d0	First logical drive whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1	Second logical drive whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/ida/c715	16th logical drive whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  80 char	Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
-		  0 = /dev/at200	Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
-
-  80 block	I2O hard disk
-		  0 = /dev/i2o/hda	First I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb	Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/i2o/hdp	16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  81 char	video4linux
-		  0 = /dev/video0	Video capture/overlay device
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/video63	Video capture/overlay device
-		 64 = /dev/radio0	Radio device
-		    ...
-		127 = /dev/radio63	Radio device
-		128 = /dev/swradio0	Software Defined Radio device
-		    ...
-		191 = /dev/swradio63	Software Defined Radio device
-		224 = /dev/vbi0		Vertical blank interrupt
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/vbi31	Vertical blank interrupt
-
-		Minor numbers are allocated dynamically unless
-		CONFIG_VIDEO_FIXED_MINOR_RANGES (default n)
-		configuration option is set.
-
-  81 block	I2O hard disk
-		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdq	17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr	18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf	32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  82 char	WiNRADiO communications receiver card
-		  0 = /dev/winradio0	First WiNRADiO card
-		  1 = /dev/winradio1	Second WiNRADiO card
-		    ...
-
-		The driver and documentation may be obtained from
-		http://www.winradio.com/
-
-  82 block	I2O hard disk
-		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdag	33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah	34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/i2o/hdav	48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  83 char	Matrox mga_vid video driver
-		 0 = /dev/mga_vid0	1st video card
-		 1 = /dev/mga_vid1	2nd video card
-		 2 = /dev/mga_vid2	3rd video card
-		  ...
-		15 = /dev/mga_vid15	16th video card
-
-  83 block	I2O hard disk
-		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw	49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax	50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl	64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  84 char	Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
-		  0 = /dev/ihcp0	First Greensheet port
-		  1 = /dev/ihcp1	Second Greensheet port
-
-  84 block	I2O hard disk
-		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm	65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn	66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb	80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  85 char	Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
-		  0 = /dev/shmiq	Master shared input queue
-		  1 = /dev/qcntl0	First device pushed
-		  2 = /dev/qcntl1	Second device pushed
-		    ...
-
-  85 block	I2O hard disk
-		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc	81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd	82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr	96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  86 char	SCSI media changer
-		  0 = /dev/sch0		First SCSI media changer
-		  1 = /dev/sch1		Second SCSI media changer
-		    ...
-
-  86 block	I2O hard disk
-		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs	97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct	98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/i2o/hddh	112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  87 char	Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
-		  0 = /dev/controla0	First device on chain
-		  1 = /dev/controla1	Second device on chain
-		    ...
-
-  87 block	I2O hard disk
-		  0 = /dev/i2o/hddi	113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj	114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/i2o/hddx	128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  88 char	COMX synchronous serial card
-		  0 = /dev/comx0	COMX channel 0
-		  1 = /dev/comx1	COMX channel 1
-		    ...
-
-  88 block	Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hdm		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdn		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  89 char	I2C bus interface
-		  0 = /dev/i2c-0	First I2C adapter
-		  1 = /dev/i2c-1	Second I2C adapter
-		    ...
-
-  89 block	Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hdo		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdp		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  90 char	Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
-		  0 = /dev/mtd0		First MTD (rw)
-		  1 = /dev/mtdr0	First MTD (ro)
-		    ...
-		 30 = /dev/mtd15	16th MTD (rw)
-		 31 = /dev/mtdr15	16th MTD (ro)
-
-  90 block	Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hdq		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdr		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  91 char	CAN-Bus devices
-		  0 = /dev/can0		First CAN-Bus controller
-		  1 = /dev/can1		Second CAN-Bus controller
-		    ...
-
-  91 block	Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
-		  0 = /dev/hds		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-		 64 = /dev/hdt		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
-		interface (see major number 3).
-
-  92 char	Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
-
-  92 block	PPDD encrypted disk driver
-		  0 = /dev/ppdd0	First encrypted disk
-		  1 = /dev/ppdd1	Second encrypted disk
-		    ...
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-  93 char
-
-  93 block	NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
-		  0 = /dev/nftla	First NFTL layer
-		 16 = /dev/nftlb	Second NFTL layer
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/nftlp	16th NTFL layer
-
-  94 char
-
-  94 block	IBM S/390 DASD block storage
-		  0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
-		  1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
-		  2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
-		  3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
-		  4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
-		  5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
-		  6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
-		  7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
-		    ...
-
-  95 char	IP filter
-		  0 = /dev/ipl		Filter control device/log file
-		  1 = /dev/ipnat	NAT control device/log file
-		  2 = /dev/ipstate	State information log file
-		  3 = /dev/ipauth	Authentication control device/log file
-		    ...
-
-  96 char	Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
-		  0 = /dev/pt0		First parallel port ATAPI tape
-		  1 = /dev/pt1		Second parallel port ATAPI tape
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/npt0		First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
-		129 = /dev/npt1		Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
-		    ...
-
-  96 block	Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
-		  0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
-		 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/inftlp	16th INTFL layer
-
-  97 char	Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
-		  0 = /dev/pg0		First parallel port ATAPI device
-		  1 = /dev/pg1		Second parallel port ATAPI device
-		  2 = /dev/pg2		Third parallel port ATAPI device
-		  3 = /dev/pg3		Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
-
-		These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
-		devices.
-
-  98 char	Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
-		  0 = /dev/comedi0	First comedi device
-		  1 = /dev/comedi1	Second comedi device
-		    ...
-
-		See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi.
-
-  98 block	User-mode virtual block device
-		  0 = /dev/ubda		First user-mode block device
-		 16 = /dev/udbb		Second user-mode block device
-		    ...
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
-		This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
-
-  99 char	Raw parallel ports
-		  0 = /dev/parport0	First parallel port
-		  1 = /dev/parport1	Second parallel port
-		    ...
-
-  99 block	JavaStation flash disk
-		  0 = /dev/jsfd		JavaStation flash disk
-
- 100 char	Telephony for Linux
-		  0 = /dev/phone0	First telephony device
-		  1 = /dev/phone1	Second telephony device
-		    ...
-
- 101 char	Motorola DSP 56xxx board
-		  0 = /dev/mdspstat	Status information
-		  1 = /dev/mdsp1	First DSP board I/O controls
-		    ...
-		 16 = /dev/mdsp16	16th DSP board I/O controls
-
- 101 block	AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
-		  0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0	First array whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1	Second array whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15	16th array whole disk
-
-		For each device, partitions are added as:
-		  0 = /dev/amiraid/ar?	  Whole disk
-		  1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1  First partition
-		  2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2  Second partition
-		    ...
-		 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
-
- 102 char
-
- 102 block	Compressed block device
-		  0 = /dev/cbd/a	First compressed block device, whole device
-		 16 = /dev/cbd/b	Second compressed block device, whole device
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cbd/p	16th compressed block device, whole device
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 103 char	Arla network file system
-		  0 = /dev/nnpfs0	First NNPFS device
-		  1 = /dev/nnpfs1	Second NNPFS device
-
-		Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
-		The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
-		implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
-		mounting.  For more information about the project,
-		write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or see
-		http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/
-
- 103 block	Audit device
-		  0 = /dev/audit	Audit device
-
- 104 char	Flash BIOS support
-
- 104 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
-		  0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0	First logical drive, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 105 char	Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
-		  0 = /dev/ttyV0	First VS-1000 port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyV1	Second VS-1000 port
-		    ...
-
- 105 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
-		  0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0	First logical drive, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 106 char	Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cuv0		First VS-1000 port
-		  1 = /dev/cuv1		Second VS-1000 port
-		    ...
-
- 106 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
-		  0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0	First logical drive, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 107 char	3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
-		  0 = /dev/3dfx		Primary 3Dfx graphics device
-
- 107 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
-		  0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0	First logical drive, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 108 char	Device independent PPP interface
-		  0 = /dev/ppp		Device independent PPP interface
-
- 108 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
-		  0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0	First logical drive, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 109 char	Reserved for logical volume manager
-
- 109 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
-		  0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0	First logical drive, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 110 char	miroMEDIA Surround board
-		  0 = /dev/srnd0	First miroMEDIA Surround board
-		  1 = /dev/srnd1	Second miroMEDIA Surround board
-		    ...
-
- 110 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
-		  0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0	First logical drive, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 111 char
-
- 111 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller
-		  0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0	First logical drive, whole disk
-		 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
-		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 112 char	ISI serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyM0	First ISI port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyM1	Second ISI port
-		    ...
-
-		There is currently a device-naming conflict between
-		these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
-
- 112 block	IBM iSeries virtual disk
-		  0 = /dev/iseries/vda	First virtual disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/iseries/vdb	Second virtual disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		200 = /dev/iseries/vdz	26th virtual disk, whole disk
-		208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa	27th virtual disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf	32nd virtual disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 7.
-
- 113 char	ISI serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cum0		Callout device for ttyM0
-		  1 = /dev/cum1		Callout device for ttyM1
-		    ...
-
- 113 block	IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
-		  0 = /dev/iseries/vcda	First virtual CD-ROM
-		  1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb	Second virtual CD-ROM
-		    ...
-
- 114 char	Picture Elements ISE board
-		  0 = /dev/ise0		First ISE board
-		  1 = /dev/ise1		Second ISE board
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/isex0	Control node for first ISE board
-		129 = /dev/isex1	Control node for second ISE board
-		    ...
-
-		The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
-		image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
-		I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
-		nodes used to control the board.
-
- 114 block       IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
-		Promise Fastrak
-
-		   0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
-		   1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
-		   2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
-		  ...
-		  16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
-		  17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
-		  18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
-		  ...
-		 255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 115 char	TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
-		  0 = /dev/tipar0    Parallel cable on first parallel port
-		  ...
-		  7 = /dev/tipar7    Parallel cable on seventh parallel port
-
-		  8 = /dev/tiser0    Serial cable on first serial port
-		  ...
-		 15 = /dev/tiser7    Serial cable on seventh serial port
-
-		 16 = /dev/tiusb0    First USB cable
-		  ...
-		 47 = /dev/tiusb31   32nd USB cable
-
- 115 block       NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)
-
-		The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
-		collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
-		Partitions as a logical storage segment for
-		use in mounting NetWare volumes.  A maximum of
-		 256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
-		machine.
-
-		http://cgfa.telepac.pt/ftp2/kernel.org/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs/
-
-		 0 = /dev/nwfs/v0    First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
-		 1 = /dev/nwfs/v1    Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
-		 2 = /dev/nwfs/v2    Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
-		      ...
-		 255 = /dev/nwfs/v255    Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
-
- 116 char	Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
-
- 116 block       MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
-		Supports 16 boards, 15 partitions each.
-		Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.
-
-		 0 = /dev/umem/d0      Whole of first board
-		 1 = /dev/umem/d0p1    First partition of first board
-		 2 = /dev/umem/d0p2    Second partition of first board
-		15 = /dev/umem/d0p15   15th partition of first board
-
-		16 = /dev/umem/d1      Whole of second board
-		17 = /dev/umem/d1p1    First partition of second board
-		    ...
-		255= /dev/umem/d15p15  15th partition of 16th board.
-
- 117 char	COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
-		  0 = /dev/cosa0c0	1st board, 1st channel
-		  1 = /dev/cosa0c1	1st board, 2nd channel
-		    ...
-		 16 = /dev/cosa1c0	2nd board, 1st channel
-		 17 = /dev/cosa1c1	2nd board, 2nd channel
-		    ...
-
- 117 block       Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)
-
-		The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
-		unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
-		storage.  This allows for easy expansion or customization
-		of various levels of volume management.  Requested by
-		Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).
-
-		Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
-		/dev/evms.
-
-		http://sf.net/projects/evms
-
-		   0 = /dev/evms/block_device   EVMS block device
-		   1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1    First EVMS legacy device
-		   2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2    Second EVMS legacy device
-		    ...
-		    Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
-		    ...
-		 254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2      Second EVMS native device
-		 255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1      First EVMS native device
-
-		Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
-		device names.  For example, /dev/hda5 would become
-		/dev/evms/hda5.
-
- 118 char	IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
-		  0 = /dev/ica	Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
-		  1 = /dev/ica0	IBMCA Device 0
-		  2 = /dev/ica1	IBMCA Device 1
-		    ...
-
- 119 char	VMware virtual network control
-		  0 = /dev/vnet0	1st virtual network
-		  1 = /dev/vnet1	2nd virtual network
-		    ...
-
- 120-127 char	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
-
- 120-127 block	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
-		Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
-		assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
-		used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
-
- 128-135 char	Unix98 PTY masters
-
-		These devices should not have corresponding device
-		nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
-		/dev/ptmx cloning interface.
-
- 128 block       SCSI disk devices (128-143)
-		   0 = /dev/sddy         129th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/sddz         130th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/sdea         131th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		 240 = /dev/sden         144th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 129 block       SCSI disk devices (144-159)
-		   0 = /dev/sdeo         145th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/sdep         146th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/sdeq         147th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		 240 = /dev/sdfd         160th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 130 char 	(Misc devices)
-
- 130 block       SCSI disk devices (160-175)
-		   0 = /dev/sdfe         161st SCSI disk whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/sdff         162nd SCSI disk whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/sdfg         163rd SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		 240 = /dev/sdft         176th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 131 block       SCSI disk devices (176-191)
-		   0 = /dev/sdfu         177th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/sdfv         178th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/sdfw         179th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		 240 = /dev/sdgj         192nd SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 132 block       SCSI disk devices (192-207)
-		   0 = /dev/sdgk         193rd SCSI disk whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/sdgl         194th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/sdgm         195th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		 240 = /dev/sdgz         208th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 133 block       SCSI disk devices (208-223)
-		   0 = /dev/sdha         209th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/sdhb         210th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/sdhc         211th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		 240 = /dev/sdhp         224th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 134 block       SCSI disk devices (224-239)
-		   0 = /dev/sdhq         225th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/sdhr         226th SCSI disk whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/sdhs         227th SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		 240 = /dev/sdif         240th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 135 block       SCSI disk devices (240-255)
-		   0 = /dev/sdig         241st SCSI disk whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/sdih         242nd SCSI disk whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/sdih         243rd SCSI disk whole disk
-		    ...
-		 240 = /dev/sdiv         256th SCSI disk whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 136-143 char	Unix98 PTY slaves
-		  0 = /dev/pts/0	First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
-		  1 = /dev/pts/1	Second Unix98 pseudo-TTY
-		    ...
-
-		These device nodes are automatically generated with
-		the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
-		devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
-		mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
-		*most* distributions the appropriate options are
-		"mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
-
- 136 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c8d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c8d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c8d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
- 137 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c9d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c9d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c9d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
- 138 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c10d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c10d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c10d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
- 139 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c11d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c11d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c11d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
- 140 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c12d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c12d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c12d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
- 141 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c13d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c13d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c13d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
- 142 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c14d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c14d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c14d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
- 143 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
-		  0 = /dev/rd/c15d0	First disk, whole disk
-		  8 = /dev/rd/c15d1	Second disk, whole disk
-		    ...
-		248 = /dev/rd/c15d31	32nd disk, whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
-
- 144 char	Encapsulated PPP
-		  0 = /dev/pppox0	First PPP over Ethernet
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/pppox63	64th PPP over Ethernet
-
-		This is primarily used for ADSL.
-
-		The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
-		relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
-
- 144 block	Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
-		  0 = mounted device 256
-		255 = mounted device 511
-
- 145 char	SAM9407-based soundcard
-		  0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
-		  1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
-		  2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
-		  3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
-		  4 = /dev/sam0_audio
-		  6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
-		 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
-		 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
-		 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
-		 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
-		    ...
-		192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
-		    ...
-
-		Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
-		addons, which are sam9407 specific.  OSS can be
-		operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
-
- 145 block	Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
-		  0 = mounted device 512
-		255 = mounted device 767
-
- 146 char	SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
-		  0 = /dev/scramnet0	First SCRAMNet device
-		  1 = /dev/scramnet1	Second SCRAMNet device
-		    ...
-
- 146 block	Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
-		  0 = mounted device 768
-		255 = mounted device 1023
-
- 147 char	Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
-		  0 = /dev/aureal0	First Aureal Vortex
-		  1 = /dev/aureal1	Second Aureal Vortex
-		    ...
-
- 147 block	Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
-		  0 = /dev/drbd0	First DRBD device
-		  1 = /dev/drbd1	Second DRBD device
-		    ...
-
- 148 char	Technology Concepts serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyT0	First TCL port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyT1	Second TCL port
-		    ...
-
- 149 char	Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cut0		Callout device for ttyT0
-		  1 = /dev/cut0		Callout device for ttyT1
-		    ...
-
- 150 char	Real-Time Linux FIFOs
-		  0 = /dev/rtf0		First RTLinux FIFO
-		  1 = /dev/rtf1		Second RTLinux FIFO
-		    ...
-
- 151 char	DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
-		  0 = /dev/dpti0	First DPT I2O adapter
-		  1 = /dev/dpti1	Second DPT I2O adapter
-		    ...
-
- 152 char	EtherDrive Control Device
-		  0 = /dev/etherd/ctl	Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
-		  1 = /dev/etherd/err	Monitor errors
-		  2 = /dev/etherd/raw	Raw AoE packet monitor
-
- 152 block	EtherDrive Block Devices
-		  0 = /dev/etherd/0	EtherDrive 0
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/etherd/255	EtherDrive 255
-
- 153 char	SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
-		  0 = /dev/spi0		First SPI device on the bus
-		  1 = /dev/spi1		Second SPI device on the bus
-		    ...
-		 15 = /dev/spi15	Sixteenth SPI device on the bus
-
- 153 block	Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
-		  0 = /dev/emd/0	First unit
-		  1 = /dev/emd/0p1	Partition 1 on First unit
-		  2 = /dev/emd/0p2	Partition 2 on First unit
-		    ...
-		 15 = /dev/emd/0p15	Partition 15 on First unit
-
-		 16 = /dev/emd/1	Second unit
-		 32 = /dev/emd/2	Third unit
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/emd/15	Sixteenth unit
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 154 char	Specialix RIO serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttySR0	First RIO port
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/ttySR255	256th RIO port
-
- 155 char	Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cusr0	Callout device for ttySR0
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/cusr255	Callout device for ttySR255
-
- 156 char	Specialix RIO serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttySR256	257th RIO port
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/ttySR511	512th RIO port
-
- 157 char	Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cusr256	Callout device for ttySR256
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/cusr511	Callout device for ttySR511
-
- 158 char	Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
-		  0 = /dev/gfax0	GammaLink channel 0
-		  1 = /dev/gfax1	GammaLink channel 1
-		    ...
-
- 159 char	RESERVED
-
- 159 block	RESERVED
-
- 160 char	General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
-		  0 = /dev/gpib0	First GPIB bus
-		  1 = /dev/gpib1	Second GPIB bus
-		    ...
-
- 160 block       Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
-		  0 = /dev/carmel/0     SATA disk 0 whole disk
-		  1 = /dev/carmel/0p1   SATA disk 0 partition 1
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/carmel/0p31  SATA disk 0 partition 31
-
-		 32 = /dev/carmel/1     SATA disk 1 whole disk
-		 64 = /dev/carmel/2     SATA disk 2 whole disk
-		    ...
-		224 = /dev/carmel/7     SATA disk 7 whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 31.
-
- 161 char	IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
-		  0 = /dev/ircomm0	First IrCOMM device
-		  1 = /dev/ircomm1	Second IrCOMM device
-		    ...
-		 16 = /dev/irlpt0	First IrLPT device
-		 17 = /dev/irlpt1	Second IrLPT device
-		    ...
-
- 161 block       Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
-		  0 = /dev/carmel/8     SATA disk 8 whole disk
-		  1 = /dev/carmel/8p1   SATA disk 8 partition 1
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/carmel/8p31  SATA disk 8 partition 31
-
-		 32 = /dev/carmel/9     SATA disk 9 whole disk
-		 64 = /dev/carmel/10    SATA disk 10 whole disk
-		    ...
-		224 = /dev/carmel/15    SATA disk 15 whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 31.
-
- 162 char	Raw block device interface
-		  0 = /dev/rawctl	Raw I/O control device
-		  1 = /dev/raw/raw1	First raw I/O device
-		  2 = /dev/raw/raw2	Second raw I/O device
-		    ...
-		 max minor number of raw device is set by kernel config
-		 MAX_RAW_DEVS or raw module parameter 'max_raw_devs'
-
- 163 char
-
- 164 char	Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyCH0	AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
-		    ...
-		 15 = /dev/ttyCH15	AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
-		 16 = /dev/ttyCH16	AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/ttyCH31	AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
-		 32 = /dev/ttyCH32	AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
-		    ...
-		 47 = /dev/ttyCH47	AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
-		 48 = /dev/ttyCH48	AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/ttyCH63	AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
-
- 165 char	Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cuch0	Callout device for ttyCH0
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/cuch63	Callout device for ttyCH63
-
- 166 char	ACM USB modems
-		  0 = /dev/ttyACM0	First ACM modem
-		  1 = /dev/ttyACM1	Second ACM modem
-		    ...
-
- 167 char	ACM USB modems - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cuacm0	Callout device for ttyACM0
-		  1 = /dev/cuacm1	Callout device for ttyACM1
-		    ...
-
- 168 char	Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
-		  0 = /dev/ecsa0	First CSA7000
-		  1 = /dev/ecsa1	Second CSA7000
-		    ...
-
- 169 char	Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
-		  0 = /dev/ecsa8-0	First CSA8000
-		  1 = /dev/ecsa8-1	Second CSA8000
-		    ...
-
- 170 char	AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
-		  0 = /dev/megarac0	First MegaRAC card
-		  1 = /dev/megarac1	Second MegaRAC card
-		    ...
-
- 171 char	Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
-
- 172 char	Moxa Intellio serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyMX0	First Moxa port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyMX1	Second Moxa port
-		    ...
-		127 = /dev/ttyMX127	128th Moxa port
-		128 = /dev/moxactl	Moxa control port
-
- 173 char	Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cumx0	Callout device for ttyMX0
-		  1 = /dev/cumx1	Callout device for ttyMX1
-		    ...
-		127 = /dev/cumx127	Callout device for ttyMX127
-
- 174 char	SmartIO serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttySI0	First SmartIO port
-		  1 = /dev/ttySI1	Second SmartIO port
-		    ...
-
- 175 char	SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cusi0	Callout device for ttySI0
-		  1 = /dev/cusi1	Callout device for ttySI1
-		    ...
-
- 176 char	nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
-		  0 = /dev/nfastpci0	First nFast PCI device
-		  1 = /dev/nfastpci1	First nFast PCI device
-		    ...
-
- 177 char	TI PCILynx memory spaces
-		  0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0	 AUX space of first PCILynx card
-		    ...
-		 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
-		 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0	 ROM space of first PCILynx card
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
-		 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0	 RAM space of first PCILynx card
-		    ...
-		 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
-
- 178 char	Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
-		  0 = /dev/clanvi0	First cLAN adapter
-		  1 = /dev/clanvi1	Second cLAN adapter
-		    ...
-
- 179 block       MMC block devices
-		  0 = /dev/mmcblk0      First SD/MMC card
-		  1 = /dev/mmcblk0p1    First partition on first MMC card
-		  8 = /dev/mmcblk1      Second SD/MMC card
-		    ...
-
-		The start of next SD/MMC card can be configured with
-		CONFIG_MMC_BLOCK_MINORS, or overridden at boot/modprobe
-		time using the mmcblk.perdev_minors option. That would
-		bump the offset between each card to be the configured
-		value instead of the default 8.
-
- 179 char	CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
-		  0 = /dev/dvxirq0	First DVX device
-		  1 = /dev/dvxirq1	Second DVX device
-		    ...
-
- 180 char	USB devices
-		  0 = /dev/usb/lp0	First USB printer
-		    ...
-		 15 = /dev/usb/lp15	16th USB printer
-		 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0	First USB scanner
-		    ...
-		 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
-		 64 = /dev/usb/rio500	Diamond Rio 500
-		 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd	USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
-		 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0	Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
-		 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0	1st USB HID device
-		    ...
-		111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15	16th USB HID device
-		112 = /dev/usb/auer0	1st auerswald ISDN device
-		    ...
-		127 = /dev/usb/auer15	16th auerswald ISDN device
-		128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0	First Braille Voyager device
-		    ...
-		131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3	Fourth Braille Voyager device
-		132 = /dev/usb/idmouse	ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
-		133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1	First SiSUSB VGA device
-		    ...
-		140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8	Eighth SISUSB VGA device
-		144 = /dev/usb/lcd	USB LCD device
-		160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0	1st USB Legotower device
-		    ...
-		175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15	16th USB Legotower device
-		176 = /dev/usb/usbtmc1	First USB TMC device
-		   ...
-		191 = /dev/usb/usbtmc16	16th USB TMC device
-		192 = /dev/usb/yurex1	First USB Yurex device
-		   ...
-		209 = /dev/usb/yurex16	16th USB Yurex device
-
- 180 block	USB block devices
-		  0 = /dev/uba		First USB block device
-		  8 = /dev/ubb		Second USB block device
-		 16 = /dev/ubc		Third USB block device
-		    ...
-
- 181 char	Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
-		  0 = /dev/pcfclock0	First Conrad radio clock
-		  1 = /dev/pcfclock1	Second Conrad radio clock
-		    ...
-
- 182 char	Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
-		  0 = /dev/pethr0	First THR2 board
-		  1 = /dev/pethr1	Second THR2 board
-		    ...
-
- 183 char	SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
-		  0 = /dev/ss5136dn0	First DeviceNet interface
-		  1 = /dev/ss5136dn1	Second DeviceNet interface
-		    ...
-
-		This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
-		It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
-
- 184 char	Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
-		  0 = /dev/pevss0	First sender board
-		  1 = /dev/pevss1	Second sender board
-		    ...
-
- 185 char	InterMezzo high availability file system
-		  0 = /dev/intermezzo0	First cache manager
-		  1 = /dev/intermezzo1	Second cache manager
-		    ...
-
-		See http://web.archive.org/web/20080115195241/
-		http://inter-mezzo.org/index.html
-
- 186 char	Object-based storage control device
-		  0 = /dev/obd0		First obd control device
-		  1 = /dev/obd1		Second obd control device
-		    ...
-
-		See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
-
- 187 char	DESkey hardware encryption device
-		  0 = /dev/deskey0	First DES key
-		  1 = /dev/deskey1	Second DES key
-		    ...
-
- 188 char	USB serial converters
-		  0 = /dev/ttyUSB0	First USB serial converter
-		  1 = /dev/ttyUSB1	Second USB serial converter
-		    ...
-
- 189 char	USB serial converters - alternate devices
-		  0 = /dev/cuusb0	Callout device for ttyUSB0
-		  1 = /dev/cuusb1	Callout device for ttyUSB1
-		    ...
-
- 190 char	Kansas City tracker/tuner card
-		  0 = /dev/kctt0	First KCT/T card
-		  1 = /dev/kctt1	Second KCT/T card
-		    ...
-
- 191 char	Reserved for PCMCIA
-
- 192 char	Kernel profiling interface
-		  0 = /dev/profile	Profiling control device
-		  1 = /dev/profile0	Profiling device for CPU 0
-		  2 = /dev/profile1	Profiling device for CPU 1
-		    ...
-
- 193 char	Kernel event-tracing interface
-		  0 = /dev/trace	Tracing control device
-		  1 = /dev/trace0	Tracing device for CPU 0
-		  2 = /dev/trace1	Tracing device for CPU 1
-		    ...
-
- 194 char	linVideoStreams (LINVS)
-		  0 = /dev/mvideo/status0	Video compression status
-		  1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0	Video stream
-		  2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0	Single compressed frame
-		  3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0	Raw uncompressed frame
-		  4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0	Direct codec access
-		  5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0	Video4Linux compatibility
-
-		 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1	Second device
-		    ...
-		 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2	Third device
-		    ...
-		    ...
-		240 = /dev/mvideo/status15	16th device
-		    ...
-
- 195 char	Nvidia graphics devices
-		  0 = /dev/nvidia0		First Nvidia card
-		  1 = /dev/nvidia1		Second Nvidia card
-		    ...
-		255 = /dev/nvidiactl		Nvidia card control device
-
- 196 char	Tormenta T1 card
-		  0 = /dev/tor/0		Master control channel for all cards
-		  1 = /dev/tor/1		First DS0
-		  2 = /dev/tor/2		Second DS0
-		    ...
-		 48 = /dev/tor/48		48th DS0
-		 49 = /dev/tor/49		First pseudo-channel
-		 50 = /dev/tor/50		Second pseudo-channel
-		    ...
-
- 197 char	OpenTNF tracing facility
-		  0 = /dev/tnf/t0		Trace 0 data extraction
-		  1 = /dev/tnf/t1		Trace 1 data extraction
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/tnf/status		Tracing facility status
-		130 = /dev/tnf/trace		Tracing device
-
- 198 char	Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
-		  0 = /dev/tpmp2/0		First card
-		  1 = /dev/tpmp2/1		Second card
-		    ...
-
- 199 char	Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
-		  0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*		First volume
-		  1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*		Second volume
-		    ...
-
- 199 block	Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
-		  0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*		First volume
-		  1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*		Second volume
-		    ...
-
-		The namespace in these directories is maintained by
-		the user space VxVM software.
-
- 200 char	Veritas VxVM configuration interface
-		   0 = /dev/vx/config		Configuration access node
-		   1 = /dev/vx/trace		Volume i/o trace access node
-		   2 = /dev/vx/iod		Volume i/o daemon access node
-		   3 = /dev/vx/info		Volume information access node
-		   4 = /dev/vx/task		Volume tasks access node
-		   5 = /dev/vx/taskmon		Volume tasks monitor daemon
-
- 201 char	Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
-		  0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*		First multipath device
-		  1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*		Second multipath device
-		    ...
- 201 block	Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
-		  0 = /dev/vx/dmp/*		First multipath device
-		  1 = /dev/vx/dmp/*		Second multipath device
-		    ...
-
-		The namespace in these directories is maintained by
-		the user space VxVM software.
-
- 202 char	CPU model-specific registers
-		  0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr		MSRs on CPU 0
-		  1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr		MSRs on CPU 1
-		    ...
-
- 202 block	Xen Virtual Block Device
-		  0 = /dev/xvda       First Xen VBD whole disk
-		  16 = /dev/xvdb      Second Xen VBD whole disk
-		  32 = /dev/xvdc      Third Xen VBD whole disk
-		    ...
-		  240 = /dev/xvdp     Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
-
-		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
-		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
-		partitions is 15.
-
- 203 char	CPU CPUID information
-		  0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid		CPUID on CPU 0
-		  1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid		CPUID on CPU 1
-		    ...
-
- 204 char	Low-density serial ports
-		  0 = /dev/ttyLU0		LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
-		  1 = /dev/ttyLU1		LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
-		  2 = /dev/ttyLU2		LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
-		  3 = /dev/ttyLU3		LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
-		  4 = /dev/ttyFB0		Intel Footbridge (ARM)
-		  5 = /dev/ttySA0		StrongARM builtin serial port 0
-		  6 = /dev/ttySA1		StrongARM builtin serial port 1
-		  7 = /dev/ttySA2		StrongARM builtin serial port 2
-		  8 = /dev/ttySC0		SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
-		  9 = /dev/ttySC1		SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
-		 10 = /dev/ttySC2		SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
-		 11 = /dev/ttySC3		SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
-		 12 = /dev/ttyFW0		Firmware console - port 0
-		 13 = /dev/ttyFW1		Firmware console - port 1
-		 14 = /dev/ttyFW2		Firmware console - port 2
-		 15 = /dev/ttyFW3		Firmware console - port 3
-		 16 = /dev/ttyAM0		ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/ttyAM15		ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
-		 32 = /dev/ttyDB0		DataBooster serial port 0
-		    ...
-		 39 = /dev/ttyDB7		DataBooster serial port 7
-		 40 = /dev/ttySG0		SGI Altix console port
-		 41 = /dev/ttySMX0		Motorola i.MX - port 0
-		 42 = /dev/ttySMX1		Motorola i.MX - port 1
-		 43 = /dev/ttySMX2		Motorola i.MX - port 2
-		 44 = /dev/ttyMM0		Marvell MPSC - port 0
-		 45 = /dev/ttyMM1		Marvell MPSC - port 1
-		 46 = /dev/ttyCPM0		PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
-		    ...
-		 47 = /dev/ttyCPM5		PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
-		 50 = /dev/ttyIOC0		Altix serial card
-		    ...
-		 81 = /dev/ttyIOC31		Altix serial card
-		 82 = /dev/ttyVR0		NEC VR4100 series SIU
-		 83 = /dev/ttyVR1		NEC VR4100 series DSIU
-		 84 = /dev/ttyIOC84		Altix ioc4 serial card
-		    ...
-		 115 = /dev/ttyIOC115		Altix ioc4 serial card
-		 116 = /dev/ttySIOC0		Altix ioc3 serial card
-		    ...
-		 147 = /dev/ttySIOC31		Altix ioc3 serial card
-		 148 = /dev/ttyPSC0		PPC PSC - port 0
-		    ...
-		 153 = /dev/ttyPSC5		PPC PSC - port 5
-		 154 = /dev/ttyAT0		ATMEL serial port 0
-		    ...
-		 169 = /dev/ttyAT15		ATMEL serial port 15
-		 170 = /dev/ttyNX0		Hilscher netX serial port 0
-		    ...
-		 185 = /dev/ttyNX15		Hilscher netX serial port 15
-		 186 = /dev/ttyJ0		JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
-		 187 = /dev/ttyUL0		Xilinx uartlite - port 0
-		    ...
-		 190 = /dev/ttyUL3		Xilinx uartlite - port 3
-		 191 = /dev/xvc0		Xen virtual console - port 0
-		 192 = /dev/ttyPZ0		pmac_zilog - port 0
-		    ...
-		 195 = /dev/ttyPZ3		pmac_zilog - port 3
-		 196 = /dev/ttyTX0		TX39/49 serial port 0
-		    ...
-		 204 = /dev/ttyTX7		TX39/49 serial port 7
-		 205 = /dev/ttySC0		SC26xx serial port 0
-		 206 = /dev/ttySC1		SC26xx serial port 1
-		 207 = /dev/ttySC2		SC26xx serial port 2
-		 208 = /dev/ttySC3		SC26xx serial port 3
-		 209 = /dev/ttyMAX0		MAX3100 serial port 0
-		 210 = /dev/ttyMAX1		MAX3100 serial port 1
-		 211 = /dev/ttyMAX2		MAX3100 serial port 2
-		 212 = /dev/ttyMAX3		MAX3100 serial port 3
-
- 205 char	Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
-		  0 = /dev/culu0		Callout device for ttyLU0
-		  1 = /dev/culu1		Callout device for ttyLU1
-		  2 = /dev/culu2		Callout device for ttyLU2
-		  3 = /dev/culu3		Callout device for ttyLU3
-		  4 = /dev/cufb0		Callout device for ttyFB0
-		  5 = /dev/cusa0		Callout device for ttySA0
-		  6 = /dev/cusa1		Callout device for ttySA1
-		  7 = /dev/cusa2		Callout device for ttySA2
-		  8 = /dev/cusc0		Callout device for ttySC0
-		  9 = /dev/cusc1		Callout device for ttySC1
-		 10 = /dev/cusc2		Callout device for ttySC2
-		 11 = /dev/cusc3		Callout device for ttySC3
-		 12 = /dev/cufw0		Callout device for ttyFW0
-		 13 = /dev/cufw1		Callout device for ttyFW1
-		 14 = /dev/cufw2		Callout device for ttyFW2
-		 15 = /dev/cufw3		Callout device for ttyFW3
-		 16 = /dev/cuam0		Callout device for ttyAM0
-		    ...
-		 31 = /dev/cuam15		Callout device for ttyAM15
-		 32 = /dev/cudb0		Callout device for ttyDB0
-		    ...
-		 39 = /dev/cudb7		Callout device for ttyDB7
-		 40 = /dev/cusg0		Callout device for ttySG0
-		 41 = /dev/ttycusmx0		Callout device for ttySMX0
-		 42 = /dev/ttycusmx1		Callout device for ttySMX1
-		 43 = /dev/ttycusmx2		Callout device for ttySMX2
-		 46 = /dev/cucpm0		Callout device for ttyCPM0
-		    ...
-		 49 = /dev/cucpm5		Callout device for ttyCPM5
-		 50 = /dev/cuioc40		Callout device for ttyIOC40
-		    ...
-		 81 = /dev/cuioc431		Callout device for ttyIOC431
-		 82 = /dev/cuvr0		Callout device for ttyVR0
-		 83 = /dev/cuvr1		Callout device for ttyVR1
-
- 206 char	OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
-		  0 = /dev/osst0		First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
-		  1 = /dev/osst1		Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
-		    ...
-		 32 = /dev/osst0l		First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
-		 33 = /dev/osst1l		Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
-		    ...
-		 64 = /dev/osst0m		First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
-		 65 = /dev/osst1m		Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
-		    ...
-		 96 = /dev/osst0a		First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
-		 97 = /dev/osst1a		Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/nosst0		No rewind version of /dev/osst0
-		129 = /dev/nosst1		No rewind version of /dev/osst1
-		    ...
-		160 = /dev/nosst0l		No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
-		161 = /dev/nosst1l		No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
-		    ...
-		192 = /dev/nosst0m		No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
-		193 = /dev/nosst1m		No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
-		    ...
-		224 = /dev/nosst0a		No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
-		225 = /dev/nosst1a		No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
-		    ...
-
-		The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
-		standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
-		their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
-		maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
-		usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
-		driver as well.  The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
-		compliant and don't need osst.
-
- 207 char	Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
-		  0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw	Redirector interface
-		  1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom	EISA CROM
-		  2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt	Data Table
-		  3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt	Event Log
-		  4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr	Automatic Server Recovery
-		  5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc	ECC Memory
-		  6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca	Machine Check Architecture
-		  7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm	Deprecated CDT
-		  8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi	NMI Handling
-		  9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css	Sideshow Management
-		 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram	CMOS interface
-		 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci	PCI IRQ interface
-
- 208 char	User space serial ports
-		  0 = /dev/ttyU0		First user space serial port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyU1		Second user space serial port
-		    ...
-
- 209 char	User space serial ports (alternate devices)
-		  0 = /dev/cuu0			Callout device for ttyU0
-		  1 = /dev/cuu1			Callout device for ttyU1
-		    ...
-
- 210 char	SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
-		  0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0		Configuration device for board 0
-		  1 = /dev/sbei/dld0		Download device for board 0
-		  2 = /dev/sbei/wan00		WAN device, port 0, board 0
-		  3 = /dev/sbei/wan01		WAN device, port 1, board 0
-		  4 = /dev/sbei/wan02		WAN device, port 2, board 0
-		  5 = /dev/sbei/wan03		WAN device, port 3, board 0
-		  6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00		WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
-		  7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01		WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
-		  8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02		WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
-		  9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03		WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
-		 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1		Configuration device for board 1
-		 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1		Download device for board 1
-		 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10		WAN device, port 0, board 1
-		 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11		WAN device, port 1, board 1
-		 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12		WAN device, port 2, board 1
-		 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13		WAN device, port 3, board 1
-		 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10		WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
-		 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11		WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
-		 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12		WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
-		 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13		WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
-		    ...
-
-		Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
-
- 211 char	Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
-		  0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0	First CPCI1500 card
-		  1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1	Second CPCI1500 card
-		    ...
-
- 212 char	LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
-		  0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0    first video decoder of first card
-		  1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0    first audio decoder of first card
-		  2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0      (obsolete/unused)
-		  3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
-		  4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0    first demux device of first card
-		  5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0      first digital video recoder device of first card
-		  6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0       first common access port of first card
-		  7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0      first network device of first card
-		  8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0      first on-screen-display device of first card
-		  9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1    second video decoder of first card
-		    ...
-		 64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0    first video decoder of second card
-		    ...
-		128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0    first video decoder of third card
-		    ...
-		196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0    first video decoder of fourth card
-
- 216 char	Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
-		  0 = /dev/rfcomm0		First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
-		  1 = /dev/rfcomm1		Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
-		    ...
-
- 217 char	Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices (alternate devices)
-		  0 = /dev/curf0		Callout device for rfcomm0
-		  1 = /dev/curf1		Callout device for rfcomm1
-		    ...
-
- 218 char	The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
-		  0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0	First bus adapter
-		  1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1	First bus adapter
-		    ...
-
- 219 char	The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
-		  0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0	First DCI-1300 card
-		  1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1	Second DCI-1300 card
-		    ...
-
- 220 char	Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
-		  0 = /dev/myricom/gm0		First Myrinet GM board
-		  1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0		First board "root access"
-		  2 = /dev/myricom/gm1		Second Myrinet GM board
-		  3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1		Second board "root access"
-		    ...
-
- 221 char	VME bus
-		  0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0		First master image
-		  1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1		Second master image
-		  2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2		Third master image
-		  3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3		Fourth master image
-		  4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0		First slave image
-		  5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1		Second slave image
-		  6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2		Third slave image
-		  7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3		Fourth slave image
-		  8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl		Control
-
-		It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
-		same interface.  For interface documentation see
-		http://www.vmelinux.org/.
-
- 224 char	A2232 serial card
-		  0 = /dev/ttyY0		First A2232 port
-		  1 = /dev/ttyY1		Second A2232 port
-		    ...
-
- 225 char	A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
-		  0 = /dev/cuy0			Callout device for ttyY0
-		  1 = /dev/cuy1			Callout device for ttyY1
-		    ...
-
- 226 char	Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
-		  0 = /dev/dri/card0		First graphics card
-		  1 = /dev/dri/card1		Second graphics card
-		    ...
-
- 227 char	IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
-		  1 = /dev/3270/tty1		First 3270 terminal
-		  2 = /dev/3270/tty2		Seconds 3270 terminal
-		    ...
-
- 228 char	IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
-		  0 = /dev/3270/tub		Controlling interface
-		  1 = /dev/3270/tub1		First 3270 terminal
-		  2 = /dev/3270/tub2		Second 3270 terminal
-		    ...
-
- 229 char	IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console
-		  0 = /dev/hvc0			First console port
-		  1 = /dev/hvc1			Second console port
-		    ...
-
- 230 char	IBM iSeries virtual tape
-		  0 = /dev/iseries/vt0		First virtual tape, mode 0
-		  1 = /dev/iseries/vt1		Second virtual tape, mode 0
-		    ...
-		 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l		First virtual tape, mode 1
-		 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l		Second virtual tape, mode 1
-		    ...
-		 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m		First virtual tape, mode 2
-		 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m		Second virtual tape, mode 2
-		    ...
-		 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a		First virtual tape, mode 3
-		 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a		Second virtual tape, mode 3
-		      ...
-		128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0		First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
-		129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1		Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
-		    ...
-		160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l	First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
-		161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l	Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
-		    ...
-		192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m	First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
-		193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m	Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
-		    ...
-		224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a	First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
-		225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a	Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
-		    ...
-
-		"No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
-		automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
-		ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
-		the device used to access it.
-
- 231 char	InfiniBand
-		0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
-		1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
-		  ...
-		63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63    63rd InfiniBandMad device
-		64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0     First InfiniBand IsSM device
-		65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1     Second InfiniBand IsSM device
-		  ...
-		127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63    63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
-		128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0   First InfiniBand verbs device
-		129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1   Second InfiniBand verbs device
-		  ...
-		159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31  31st InfiniBand verbs device
-
- 232 char	Biometric Devices
-		0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint	first fingerprint sensor on first device
-		1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris		first iris sensor on first device
-		2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina	first retina sensor on first device
-		3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint	first voiceprint sensor on first device
-		4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial	first facial sensor on first device
-		5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand		first hand sensor on first device
-		  ...
-		10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint	first fingerprint sensor on second device
-		  ...
-		20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint	first fingerprint sensor on third device
-		  ...
-
- 233 char	PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
-		0 = /dev/ipath        Primary device for programs (any unit)
-		1 = /dev/ipath0       Access specifically to unit 0
-		2 = /dev/ipath1       Access specifically to unit 1
-		  ...
-		4 = /dev/ipath3       Access specifically to unit 3
-		129 = /dev/ipath_sma    Device used by Subnet Management Agent
-		130 = /dev/ipath_diag   Device used by diagnostics programs
-
- 234-254	char	RESERVED FOR DYNAMIC ASSIGNMENT
-		Character devices that request a dynamic allocation of major number will
-		take numbers starting from 254 and downward.
-
- 240-254 block	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
-		Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
-		assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
-		used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
-
- 255 char	RESERVED
-
- 255 block	RESERVED
-
-		This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
-		larger number space.  No device nodes with this major
-		should ever be created on the filesystem.
-		(This is probably not true anymore, but I'll leave it
-		for now /Torben)
-
- ---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
-
- 256 char	Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
-		   0 = /dev/ttyEQ0	First serial port on first Equinox SST board
-		 127 = /dev/ttyEQ127	Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
-		 128 = /dev/ttyEQ128	First serial port on second Equinox SST board
-		  ...
-		1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027	Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
-
- 256 block	Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
-		  0 = /dev/rfda		First RFD FTL layer
-		 16 = /dev/rfdb		Second RFD FTL layer
-		  ...
-		240 = /dev/rfdp		16th RFD FTL layer
-
- 257 char	Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
-		  0 = /dev/ptlsec	Crypto Services Driver
-
- 257 block	SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem
-		  0 = /dev/ssfdca	First SSFDC layer
-		  8 = /dev/ssfdcb	Second SSFDC layer
-		 16 = /dev/ssfdcc	Third SSFDC layer
-		 24 = /dev/ssfdcd	4th SSFDC layer
-		 32 = /dev/ssfdce	5th SSFDC layer
-		 40 = /dev/ssfdcf	6th SSFDC layer
-		 48 = /dev/ssfdcg	7th SSFDC layer
-		 56 = /dev/ssfdch	8th SSFDC layer
-
- 258 block	ROM/Flash read-only translation layer
-		  0 = /dev/blockrom0	First ROM card's translation layer interface
-		  1 = /dev/blockrom1	Second ROM card's translation layer interface
-		  ...
-
- 259 block	Block Extended Major
-		  Used dynamically to hold additional partition minor
-		  numbers and allow large numbers of partitions per device
-
- 259 char	FPGA configuration interfaces
-		  0 = /dev/icap0	First Xilinx internal configuration
-		  1 = /dev/icap1	Second Xilinx internal configuration
-
- 260 char	OSD (Object-based-device) SCSI Device
-		  0 = /dev/osd0		First OSD Device
-		  1 = /dev/osd1		Second OSD Device
-		  ...
-		  255 = /dev/osd255	256th OSD Device
-
+.. include:: devices.txt
+   :literal:
 
 Additional ``/dev/`` directory entries
 --------------------------------------

Documentation/admin-guide/devices.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3081 @@
+   0		Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
+		  0 = reserved as null device number
+		See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
+
+   1 char	Memory devices
+		  1 = /dev/mem		Physical memory access
+		  2 = /dev/kmem		Kernel virtual memory access
+		  3 = /dev/null		Null device
+		  4 = /dev/port		I/O port access
+		  5 = /dev/zero		Null byte source
+		  6 = /dev/core		OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
+		  7 = /dev/full		Returns ENOSPC on write
+		  8 = /dev/random	Nondeterministic random number gen.
+		  9 = /dev/urandom	Faster, less secure random number gen.
+		 10 = /dev/aio		Asynchronous I/O notification interface
+		 11 = /dev/kmsg		Writes to this come out as printk's, reads
+					export the buffered printk records.
+		 12 = /dev/oldmem	OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/vmcore
+
+   1 block	RAM disk
+		  0 = /dev/ram0		First RAM disk
+		  1 = /dev/ram1		Second RAM disk
+		    ...
+		250 = /dev/initrd	Initial RAM disk
+
+		Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
+		/dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
+		by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
+		the initrd.
+
+   2 char	Pseudo-TTY masters
+		  0 = /dev/ptyp0	First PTY master
+		  1 = /dev/ptyp1	Second PTY master
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/ptyef	256th PTY master
+
+		Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
+		* Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
+		* the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
+		  the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
+		* the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
+		  the position within the series.
+
+		These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
+		devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
+		master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
+		demand.
+
+   2 block	Floppy disks
+		  0 = /dev/fd0		Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
+		  1 = /dev/fd1		Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
+		  2 = /dev/fd2		Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
+		  3 = /dev/fd3		Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
+		128 = /dev/fd4		Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
+		129 = /dev/fd5		Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
+		130 = /dev/fd6		Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
+		131 = /dev/fd7		Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
+
+		To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
+		  0 = /dev/fd?		Autodetect format
+		  4 = /dev/fd?d360	5.25"  360K in a 360K  drive(1)
+		 20 = /dev/fd?h360	5.25"  360K in a 1200K drive(1)
+		 48 = /dev/fd?h410	5.25"  410K in a 1200K drive
+		 64 = /dev/fd?h420	5.25"  420K in a 1200K drive
+		 24 = /dev/fd?h720	5.25"  720K in a 1200K drive
+		 80 = /dev/fd?h880	5.25"  880K in a 1200K drive(1)
+		  8 = /dev/fd?h1200	5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
+		 40 = /dev/fd?h1440	5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
+		 56 = /dev/fd?h1476	5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
+		 72 = /dev/fd?h1494	5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
+		 92 = /dev/fd?h1600	5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
+
+		 12 = /dev/fd?u360	3.5"   360K Double Density(2)
+		 16 = /dev/fd?u720	3.5"   720K Double Density(1)
+		120 = /dev/fd?u800	3.5"   800K Double Density(2)
+		 52 = /dev/fd?u820	3.5"   820K Double Density
+		 68 = /dev/fd?u830	3.5"   830K Double Density
+		 84 = /dev/fd?u1040	3.5"  1040K Double Density(1)
+		 88 = /dev/fd?u1120	3.5"  1120K Double Density(1)
+		 28 = /dev/fd?u1440	3.5"  1440K High Density(1)
+		124 = /dev/fd?u1600	3.5"  1600K High Density(1)
+		 44 = /dev/fd?u1680	3.5"  1680K High Density(3)
+		 60 = /dev/fd?u1722	3.5"  1722K High Density
+		 76 = /dev/fd?u1743	3.5"  1743K High Density
+		 96 = /dev/fd?u1760	3.5"  1760K High Density
+		116 = /dev/fd?u1840	3.5"  1840K High Density(3)
+		100 = /dev/fd?u1920	3.5"  1920K High Density(1)
+		 32 = /dev/fd?u2880	3.5"  2880K Extra Density(1)
+		104 = /dev/fd?u3200	3.5"  3200K Extra Density
+		108 = /dev/fd?u3520	3.5"  3520K Extra Density
+		112 = /dev/fd?u3840	3.5"  3840K Extra Density(1)
+
+		 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ	Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
+
+		(1) Autodetectable format
+		(2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
+		(3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
+
+		NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
+		signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
+		5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
+		(any model, u).	 The use of the capital letters D, H
+		and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
+		the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
+
+   3 char	Pseudo-TTY slaves
+		  0 = /dev/ttyp0	First PTY slave
+		  1 = /dev/ttyp1	Second PTY slave
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/ttyef	256th PTY slave
+
+		These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
+		devices are on major 136 and above.
+
+   3 block	First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hda		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdb		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
+		  0 = /dev/hd?		Whole disk
+		  1 = /dev/hd?1		First partition
+		  2 = /dev/hd?2		Second partition
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/hd?63	63rd partition
+
+		For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
+		partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
+		Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
+		appropriate to their respective architectures.
+
+   4 char	TTY devices
+		  0 = /dev/tty0		Current virtual console
+
+		  1 = /dev/tty1		First virtual console
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/tty63	63rd virtual console
+		 64 = /dev/ttyS0	First UART serial port
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/ttyS191	192nd UART serial port
+
+		UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
+
+		Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
+		number for BSD PTY devices.  As of Linux 2.1.115, this
+		is no longer supported.	 Use major numbers 2 and 3.
+
+   4 block	Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
+		when its not possible to create the real device nodes
+		because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
+
+		   0 = /dev/root
+
+   5 char	Alternate TTY devices
+		  0 = /dev/tty		Current TTY device
+		  1 = /dev/console	System console
+		  2 = /dev/ptmx		PTY master multiplex
+		  3 = /dev/ttyprintk	User messages via printk TTY device
+		 64 = /dev/cua0		Callout device for ttyS0
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/cua191	Callout device for ttyS191
+
+		(5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71.  See
+		the section on terminal devices for more information
+		on /dev/console.
+
+   6 char	Parallel printer devices
+		  0 = /dev/lp0		Parallel printer on parport0
+		  1 = /dev/lp1		Parallel printer on parport1
+		    ...
+
+		Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
+		between parallel ports and I/O addresses.  Instead,
+		they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
+
+   7 char	Virtual console capture devices
+		  0 = /dev/vcs		Current vc text contents
+		  1 = /dev/vcs1		tty1 text contents
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/vcs63	tty63 text contents
+		128 = /dev/vcsa		Current vc text/attribute contents
+		129 = /dev/vcsa1	tty1 text/attribute contents
+		    ...
+		191 = /dev/vcsa63	tty63 text/attribute contents
+
+		NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
+
+   7 block	Loopback devices
+		  0 = /dev/loop0	First loop device
+		  1 = /dev/loop1	Second loop device
+		    ...
+
+		The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
+		associated with block devices.	The binding to the
+		loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
+
+   8 block	SCSI disk devices (0-15)
+		  0 = /dev/sda		First SCSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/sdb		Second SCSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/sdc		Third SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/sdp		Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+   9 char	SCSI tape devices
+		  0 = /dev/st0		First SCSI tape, mode 0
+		  1 = /dev/st1		Second SCSI tape, mode 0
+		    ...
+		 32 = /dev/st0l		First SCSI tape, mode 1
+		 33 = /dev/st1l		Second SCSI tape, mode 1
+		    ...
+		 64 = /dev/st0m		First SCSI tape, mode 2
+		 65 = /dev/st1m		Second SCSI tape, mode 2
+		    ...
+		 96 = /dev/st0a		First SCSI tape, mode 3
+		 97 = /dev/st1a		Second SCSI tape, mode 3
+		      ...
+		128 = /dev/nst0		First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
+		129 = /dev/nst1		Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
+		    ...
+		160 = /dev/nst0l	First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
+		161 = /dev/nst1l	Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
+		    ...
+		192 = /dev/nst0m	First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
+		193 = /dev/nst1m	Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
+		    ...
+		224 = /dev/nst0a	First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
+		225 = /dev/nst1a	Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
+		    ...
+
+		"No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
+		automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
+		ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
+		the device used to access it.
+
+   9 block	Metadisk (RAID) devices
+		  0 = /dev/md0		First metadisk group
+		  1 = /dev/md1		Second metadisk group
+		    ...
+
+		The metadisk driver is used to span a
+		filesystem across multiple physical disks.
+
+  10 char	Non-serial mice, misc features
+		  0 = /dev/logibm	Logitech bus mouse
+		  1 = /dev/psaux	PS/2-style mouse port
+		  2 = /dev/inportbm	Microsoft Inport bus mouse
+		  3 = /dev/atibm	ATI XL bus mouse
+		  4 = /dev/jbm		J-mouse
+		  4 = /dev/amigamouse	Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
+		  5 = /dev/atarimouse	Atari mouse
+		  6 = /dev/sunmouse	Sun mouse
+		  7 = /dev/amigamouse1	Second Amiga mouse
+		  8 = /dev/smouse	Simple serial mouse driver
+		  9 = /dev/pc110pad	IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
+		 10 = /dev/adbmouse	Apple Desktop Bus mouse
+		 11 = /dev/vrtpanel	Vr41xx embedded touch panel
+		 13 = /dev/vpcmouse	Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
+		 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00  UCB 1x00 touchscreen
+		 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712	MK712 touchscreen
+		128 = /dev/beep		Fancy beep device
+		129 =
+		130 = /dev/watchdog	Watchdog timer port
+		131 = /dev/temperature	Machine internal temperature
+		132 = /dev/hwtrap	Hardware fault trap
+		133 = /dev/exttrp	External device trap
+		134 = /dev/apm_bios	Advanced Power Management BIOS
+		135 = /dev/rtc		Real Time Clock
+		137 = /dev/vhci		Bluetooth virtual HCI driver
+		139 = /dev/openprom	SPARC OpenBoot PROM
+		140 = /dev/relay8	Berkshire Products Octal relay card
+		141 = /dev/relay16	Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
+		142 =
+		143 = /dev/pciconf	PCI configuration space
+		144 = /dev/nvram	Non-volatile configuration RAM
+		145 = /dev/hfmodem	Soundcard shortwave modem control
+		146 = /dev/graphics	Linux/SGI graphics device
+		147 = /dev/opengl	Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
+		148 = /dev/gfx		Linux/SGI graphics effects device
+		149 = /dev/input/mouse	Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
+		150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
+		151 = /dev/led		Front panel LEDs
+		152 = /dev/kpoll	Kernel Poll Driver
+		153 = /dev/mergemem	Memory merge device
+		154 = /dev/pmu		Macintosh PowerBook power manager
+		155 = /dev/isictl	MultiTech ISICom serial control
+		156 = /dev/lcd		Front panel LCD display
+		157 = /dev/ac		Applicom Intl Profibus card
+		158 = /dev/nwbutton	Netwinder external button
+		159 = /dev/nwdebug	Netwinder debug interface
+		160 = /dev/nwflash	Netwinder flash memory
+		161 = /dev/userdma	User-space DMA access
+		162 = /dev/smbus	System Management Bus
+		163 = /dev/lik		Logitech Internet Keyboard
+		164 = /dev/ipmo		Intel Intelligent Platform Management
+		165 = /dev/vmmon	VMware virtual machine monitor
+		166 = /dev/i2o/ctl	I2O configuration manager
+		167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
+		168 = /dev/tcldrv	Technology Concepts serial control
+		169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
+		170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad	IBM Thinkpad devices
+		171 = /dev/srripc	QNX4 API IPC manager
+		172 = /dev/usemaclone	Semaphore clone device
+		173 = /dev/ipmikcs	Intelligent Platform Management
+		174 = /dev/uctrl	SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
+		175 = /dev/agpgart	AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
+		176 = /dev/gtrsc	Gorgy Timing radio clock
+		177 = /dev/cbm		Serial CBM bus
+		178 = /dev/jsflash	JavaStation OS flash SIMM
+		179 = /dev/xsvc		High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
+		180 = /dev/vrbuttons	Vr41xx button input device
+		181 = /dev/toshiba	Toshiba laptop SMM support
+		182 = /dev/perfctr	Performance-monitoring counters
+		183 = /dev/hwrng	Generic random number generator
+		184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
+		186 = /dev/atomicps	Atomic shapshot of process state data
+		187 = /dev/irnet	IrNET device
+		188 = /dev/smbusbios	SMBus BIOS
+		189 = /dev/ussp_ctl	User space serial port control
+		190 = /dev/crash	Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
+		191 = /dev/pcl181	<information missing>
+		192 = /dev/nas_xbus	NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
+		193 = /dev/d7s		SPARC 7-segment display
+		194 = /dev/zkshim	Zero-Knowledge network shim control
+		195 = /dev/elographics/e2201	Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
+		196 = /dev/vfio/vfio	VFIO userspace driver interface
+		197 = /dev/pxa3xx-gcu	PXA3xx graphics controller unit driver
+		198 = /dev/sexec	Signed executable interface
+		199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
+		200 = /dev/net/tun	TAP/TUN network device
+		201 = /dev/button/gulpb	Transmeta GULP-B buttons
+		202 = /dev/emd/ctl	Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
+		203 = /dev/cuse		Cuse (character device in user-space)
+		204 = /dev/video/em8300		EM8300 DVD decoder control
+		205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv	EM8300 DVD decoder video
+		206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma	EM8300 DVD decoder audio
+		207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp	EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
+		208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc	Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
+		209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid	Compaq Remote Insight Driver
+		210 = /dev/impi/bt	IMPI coprocessor block transfer
+		211 = /dev/impi/smic	IMPI coprocessor stream interface
+		212 = /dev/watchdogs/0	First watchdog device
+		213 = /dev/watchdogs/1	Second watchdog device
+		214 = /dev/watchdogs/2	Third watchdog device
+		215 = /dev/watchdogs/3	Fourth watchdog device
+		216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel	Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
+		217 = /dev/ni/natmotn		National Instruments Motion
+		218 = /dev/kchuid	Inter-process chuid control
+		219 = /dev/modems/mwave	MWave modem firmware upload
+		220 = /dev/mptctl	Message passing technology (MPT) control
+		221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi	Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
+		222 = /dev/mvista/hasi		Montavista PICMG high availability
+		223 = /dev/input/uinput		User level driver support for input
+		224 = /dev/tpm		TCPA TPM driver
+		225 = /dev/pps		Pulse Per Second driver
+		226 = /dev/systrace	Systrace device
+		227 = /dev/mcelog	X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
+		228 = /dev/hpet		HPET driver
+		229 = /dev/fuse		Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
+		230 = /dev/midishare	MidiShare driver
+		231 = /dev/snapshot	System memory snapshot device
+		232 = /dev/kvm		Kernel-based virtual machine (hardware virtualization extensions)
+		233 = /dev/kmview	View-OS A process with a view
+		234 = /dev/btrfs-control	Btrfs control device
+		235 = /dev/autofs	Autofs control device
+		236 = /dev/mapper/control	Device-Mapper control device
+		237 = /dev/loop-control Loopback control device
+		238 = /dev/vhost-net	Host kernel accelerator for virtio net
+		239 = /dev/uhid		User-space I/O driver support for HID subsystem
+
+		240-254			Reserved for local use
+		255			Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
+
+  11 char	Raw keyboard device	(Linux/SPARC only)
+		  0 = /dev/kbd		Raw keyboard device
+
+  11 char	Serial Mux device	(Linux/PA-RISC only)
+		  0 = /dev/ttyB0	First mux port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyB1	Second mux port
+		    ...
+
+  11 block	SCSI CD-ROM devices
+		  0 = /dev/scd0		First SCSI CD-ROM
+		  1 = /dev/scd1		Second SCSI CD-ROM
+		    ...
+
+		The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
+
+  12 char	QIC-02 tape
+		  2 = /dev/ntpqic11	QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
+		  3 = /dev/tpqic11	QIC-11, rewind-on-close
+		  4 = /dev/ntpqic24	QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
+		  5 = /dev/tpqic24	QIC-24, rewind-on-close
+		  6 = /dev/ntpqic120	QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
+		  7 = /dev/tpqic120	QIC-120, rewind-on-close
+		  8 = /dev/ntpqic150	QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
+		  9 = /dev/tpqic150	QIC-150, rewind-on-close
+
+		The device names specified are proposed -- if there
+		are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
+
+  12 block
+
+  13 char	Input core
+		  0 = /dev/input/js0	First joystick
+		  1 = /dev/input/js1	Second joystick
+		    ...
+		 32 = /dev/input/mouse0	First mouse
+		 33 = /dev/input/mouse1	Second mouse
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/input/mice	Unified mouse
+		 64 = /dev/input/event0	First event queue
+		 65 = /dev/input/event1	Second event queue
+		    ...
+
+		Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
+
+  13 block	Previously used for the XT disk (/dev/xdN)
+		Deleted in kernel v3.9.
+
+  14 char	Open Sound System (OSS)
+		  0 = /dev/mixer	Mixer control
+		  1 = /dev/sequencer	Audio sequencer
+		  2 = /dev/midi00	First MIDI port
+		  3 = /dev/dsp		Digital audio
+		  4 = /dev/audio	Sun-compatible digital audio
+		  6 =
+		  7 = /dev/audioctl	SPARC audio control device
+		  8 = /dev/sequencer2	Sequencer -- alternate device
+		 16 = /dev/mixer1	Second soundcard mixer control
+		 17 = /dev/patmgr0	Sequencer patch manager
+		 18 = /dev/midi01	Second MIDI port
+		 19 = /dev/dsp1		Second soundcard digital audio
+		 20 = /dev/audio1	Second soundcard Sun digital audio
+		 33 = /dev/patmgr1	Sequencer patch manager
+		 34 = /dev/midi02	Third MIDI port
+		 50 = /dev/midi03	Fourth MIDI port
+
+  14 block
+
+  15 char	Joystick
+		  0 = /dev/js0		First analog joystick
+		  1 = /dev/js1		Second analog joystick
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/djs0		First digital joystick
+		129 = /dev/djs1		Second digital joystick
+		    ...
+  15 block	Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/sonycd	Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
+
+  16 char	Non-SCSI scanners
+		  0 = /dev/gs4500	Genius 4500 handheld scanner
+
+  16 block	GoldStar CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/gscd		GoldStar CD-ROM
+
+  17 char	OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card)
+		  0 = /dev/ttyH0	First Chase port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyH1	Second Chase port
+		    ...
+  17 block	Optics Storage CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/optcd	Optics Storage CD-ROM
+
+  18 char	OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card - alternate devices)
+		  0 = /dev/cuh0		Callout device for ttyH0
+		  1 = /dev/cuh1		Callout device for ttyH1
+		    ...
+  18 block	Sanyo CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/sjcd		Sanyo CD-ROM
+
+  19 char	Cyclades serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyC0	First Cyclades port
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/ttyC31	32nd Cyclades port
+
+  19 block	"Double" compressed disk
+		  0 = /dev/double0	First compressed disk
+		    ...
+		  7 = /dev/double7	Eighth compressed disk
+		128 = /dev/cdouble0	Mirror of first compressed disk
+		    ...
+		135 = /dev/cdouble7	Mirror of eighth compressed disk
+
+		See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
+		mirror devices.
+
+  20 char	Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cub0		Callout device for ttyC0
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/cub31	Callout device for ttyC31
+
+  20 block	Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
+		  0 = /dev/hitcd	Hitachi CD-ROM
+
+  21 char	Generic SCSI access
+		  0 = /dev/sg0		First generic SCSI device
+		  1 = /dev/sg1		Second generic SCSI device
+		    ...
+
+		Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
+		this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
+		the system and is counter to standard Linux
+		device-naming practice.
+
+  21 block	Acorn MFM hard drive interface
+		  0 = /dev/mfma		First MFM drive whole disk
+		 64 = /dev/mfmb		Second MFM drive whole disk
+
+		This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
+		(see major number 3).
+
+  22 char	Digiboard serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyD0	First Digiboard port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyD1	Second Digiboard port
+		    ...
+  22 block	Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hdc		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdd		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  23 char	Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cud0		Callout device for ttyD0
+		  1 = /dev/cud1		Callout device for ttyD1
+		      ...
+  23 block	Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/mcd		Mitsumi CD-ROM
+
+  24 char	Stallion serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyE0	Stallion port 0 card 0
+		  1 = /dev/ttyE1	Stallion port 1 card 0
+		    ...
+		 64 = /dev/ttyE64	Stallion port 0 card 1
+		 65 = /dev/ttyE65	Stallion port 1 card 1
+		      ...
+		128 = /dev/ttyE128	Stallion port 0 card 2
+		129 = /dev/ttyE129	Stallion port 1 card 2
+		    ...
+		192 = /dev/ttyE192	Stallion port 0 card 3
+		193 = /dev/ttyE193	Stallion port 1 card 3
+		    ...
+  24 block	Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/cdu535	Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
+
+  25 char	Stallion serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cue0		Callout device for ttyE0
+		  1 = /dev/cue1		Callout device for ttyE1
+		    ...
+		 64 = /dev/cue64	Callout device for ttyE64
+		 65 = /dev/cue65	Callout device for ttyE65
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/cue128	Callout device for ttyE128
+		129 = /dev/cue129	Callout device for ttyE129
+		    ...
+		192 = /dev/cue192	Callout device for ttyE192
+		193 = /dev/cue193	Callout device for ttyE193
+		      ...
+  25 block	First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/sbpcd0	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
+		  1 = /dev/sbpcd1	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
+		  2 = /dev/sbpcd2	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
+		  3 = /dev/sbpcd3	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
+
+  26 char
+
+  26 block	Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/sbpcd4	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
+		  1 = /dev/sbpcd5	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
+		  2 = /dev/sbpcd6	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
+		  3 = /dev/sbpcd7	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
+
+  27 char	QIC-117 tape
+		  0 = /dev/qft0		Unit 0, rewind-on-close
+		  1 = /dev/qft1		Unit 1, rewind-on-close
+		  2 = /dev/qft2		Unit 2, rewind-on-close
+		  3 = /dev/qft3		Unit 3, rewind-on-close
+		  4 = /dev/nqft0	Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
+		  5 = /dev/nqft1	Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
+		  6 = /dev/nqft2	Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
+		  7 = /dev/nqft3	Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
+		 16 = /dev/zqft0	Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
+		 17 = /dev/zqft1	Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
+		 18 = /dev/zqft2	Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
+		 19 = /dev/zqft3	Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
+		 20 = /dev/nzqft0	Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
+		 21 = /dev/nzqft1	Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
+		 22 = /dev/nzqft2	Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
+		 23 = /dev/nzqft3	Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
+		 32 = /dev/rawqft0	Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
+		 33 = /dev/rawqft1	Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
+		 34 = /dev/rawqft2	Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
+		 35 = /dev/rawqft3	Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
+		 36 = /dev/nrawqft0	Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
+		 37 = /dev/nrawqft1	Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
+		 38 = /dev/nrawqft2	Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
+		 39 = /dev/nrawqft3	Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
+
+  27 block	Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/sbpcd8	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
+		  1 = /dev/sbpcd9	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
+		  2 = /dev/sbpcd10	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
+		  3 = /dev/sbpcd11	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
+
+  28 char	Stallion serial card - card programming
+		  0 = /dev/staliomem0	First Stallion card I/O memory
+		  1 = /dev/staliomem1	Second Stallion card I/O memory
+		  2 = /dev/staliomem2	Third Stallion card I/O memory
+		  3 = /dev/staliomem3	Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
+
+  28 char	Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
+		  0 = /dev/slm0		First SLM laser printer
+		  1 = /dev/slm1		Second SLM laser printer
+		    ...
+  28 block	Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/sbpcd12	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
+		  1 = /dev/sbpcd13	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
+		  2 = /dev/sbpcd14	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
+		  3 = /dev/sbpcd15	Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
+
+  28 block	ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
+		  0 = /dev/ada		First ACSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/adb		Second ACSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/adc		Third ACSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/adp		16th ACSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15, like SCSI.
+
+  29 char	Universal frame buffer
+		  0 = /dev/fb0		First frame buffer
+		  1 = /dev/fb1		Second frame buffer
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/fb31		32nd frame buffer
+
+  29 block	Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/aztcd	Aztech CD-ROM
+
+  30 char	iBCS-2 compatibility devices
+		  0 = /dev/socksys	Socket access
+		  1 = /dev/spx		SVR3 local X interface
+		 32 = /dev/inet/ip	Network access
+		 33 = /dev/inet/icmp
+		 34 = /dev/inet/ggp
+		 35 = /dev/inet/ipip
+		 36 = /dev/inet/tcp
+		 37 = /dev/inet/egp
+		 38 = /dev/inet/pup
+		 39 = /dev/inet/udp
+		 40 = /dev/inet/idp
+		 41 = /dev/inet/rawip
+
+		Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
+
+		/dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
+		/dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
+		/dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
+		/dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
+		/dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
+		/dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
+		/dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
+		/dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
+		/dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
+		/dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
+		/dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
+		/dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
+		/dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
+		/dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
+
+  30 block	Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/cm205cd	Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
+
+		/dev/lmscd is an older name for this device.  This
+		driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
+
+  31 char	MPU-401 MIDI
+		  0 = /dev/mpu401data	MPU-401 data port
+		  1 = /dev/mpu401stat	MPU-401 status port
+
+  31 block	ROM/flash memory card
+		  0 = /dev/rom0		First ROM card (rw)
+		      ...
+		  7 = /dev/rom7		Eighth ROM card (rw)
+		  8 = /dev/rrom0	First ROM card (ro)
+		    ...
+		 15 = /dev/rrom7	Eighth ROM card (ro)
+		 16 = /dev/flash0	First flash memory card (rw)
+		    ...
+		 23 = /dev/flash7	Eighth flash memory card (rw)
+		 24 = /dev/rflash0	First flash memory card (ro)
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/rflash7	Eighth flash memory card (ro)
+
+		The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
+		written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
+		devices.  The read-only devices (ro) support reading
+		only.
+
+  32 char	Specialix serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyX0	First Specialix port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyX1	Second Specialix port
+		    ...
+  32 block	Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/cm206cd	Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
+
+  33 char	Specialix serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cux0		Callout device for ttyX0
+		  1 = /dev/cux1		Callout device for ttyX1
+		    ...
+  33 block	Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hde		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdf		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  34 char	Z8530 HDLC driver
+		  0 = /dev/scc0		First Z8530, first port
+		  1 = /dev/scc1		First Z8530, second port
+		  2 = /dev/scc2		Second Z8530, first port
+		  3 = /dev/scc3		Second Z8530, second port
+		    ...
+
+		In a previous version these devices were named
+		/dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
+		on.
+
+  34 block	Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hdg		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdh		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  35 char	tclmidi MIDI driver
+		  0 = /dev/midi0	First MIDI port, kernel timed
+		  1 = /dev/midi1	Second MIDI port, kernel timed
+		  2 = /dev/midi2	Third MIDI port, kernel timed
+		  3 = /dev/midi3	Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
+		 64 = /dev/rmidi0	First MIDI port, untimed
+		 65 = /dev/rmidi1	Second MIDI port, untimed
+		 66 = /dev/rmidi2	Third MIDI port, untimed
+		 67 = /dev/rmidi3	Fourth MIDI port, untimed
+		128 = /dev/smpte0	First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
+		129 = /dev/smpte1	Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
+		130 = /dev/smpte2	Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
+		131 = /dev/smpte3	Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
+
+  35 block	Slow memory ramdisk
+		  0 = /dev/slram	Slow memory ramdisk
+
+  36 char	Netlink support
+		  0 = /dev/route	Routing, device updates, kernel to user
+		  1 = /dev/skip		enSKIP security cache control
+		  3 = /dev/fwmonitor	Firewall packet copies
+		 16 = /dev/tap0		First Ethertap device
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/tap15	16th Ethertap device
+
+  36 block	OBSOLETE (was MCA ESDI hard disk)
+
+  37 char	IDE tape
+		  0 = /dev/ht0		First IDE tape
+		  1 = /dev/ht1		Second IDE tape
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/nht0		First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
+		129 = /dev/nht1		Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
+		    ...
+
+		Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
+
+  37 block	Zorro II ramdisk
+		  0 = /dev/z2ram	Zorro II ramdisk
+
+  38 char	Myricom PCI Myrinet board
+		  0 = /dev/mlanai0	First Myrinet board
+		  1 = /dev/mlanai1	Second Myrinet board
+		    ...
+
+		This device is used for status query, board control
+		and "user level packet I/O."  This board is also
+		accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
+
+  38 block	OBSOLETE (was Linux/AP+)
+
+  39 char	ML-16P experimental I/O board
+		  0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0	First card, first analog channel
+		  1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1	First card, second analog channel
+		    ...
+		 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15	First card, 16th analog channel
+		 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d	First card, digital lines
+		 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0	First card, first counter/timer
+		 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1	First card, second counter/timer
+		 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2	First card, third counter/timer
+		 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0	Second card, first analog channel
+		 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1	Second card, second analog channel
+		    ...
+		 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15	Second card, 16th analog channel
+		 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d	Second card, digital lines
+		 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0	Second card, first counter/timer
+		 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1	Second card, second counter/timer
+		 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2	Second card, third counter/timer
+		      ...
+  39 block
+
+  40 char
+
+  40 block
+
+  41 char	Yet Another Micro Monitor
+		  0 = /dev/yamm		Yet Another Micro Monitor
+
+  41 block
+
+  42 char	Demo/sample use
+
+  42 block	Demo/sample use
+
+		This number is intended for use in sample code, as
+		well as a general "example" device number.  It
+		should never be used for a device driver that is being
+		distributed; either obtain an official number or use
+		the local/experimental range.  The sudden addition or
+		removal of a driver with this number should not cause
+		ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
+
+		IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
+		DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
+
+  43 char	isdn4linux virtual modem
+		  0 = /dev/ttyI0	First virtual modem
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/ttyI63	64th virtual modem
+
+  43 block	Network block devices
+		  0 = /dev/nb0		First network block device
+		  1 = /dev/nb1		Second network block device
+		    ...
+
+		Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
+		devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
+		network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
+		sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
+		to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
+		the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
+
+  44 char	isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cui0		Callout device for ttyI0
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/cui63	Callout device for ttyI63
+
+  44 block	Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
+		  0 = /dev/ftla		FTL on first Memory Technology Device
+		 16 = /dev/ftlb		FTL on second Memory Technology Device
+		 32 = /dev/ftlc		FTL on third Memory Technology Device
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ftlp		FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
+		limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
+
+  45 char	isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
+		  0 = /dev/isdn0	First virtual B channel raw data
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/isdn63	64th virtual B channel raw data
+		 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0	First channel control/debug
+		    ...
+		127 = /dev/isdnctrl63	64th channel control/debug
+
+		128 = /dev/ippp0	First SyncPPP device
+		    ...
+		191 = /dev/ippp63	64th SyncPPP device
+
+		255 = /dev/isdninfo	ISDN monitor interface
+
+  45 block	Parallel port IDE disk devices
+		  0 = /dev/pda		First parallel port IDE disk
+		 16 = /dev/pdb		Second parallel port IDE disk
+		 32 = /dev/pdc		Third parallel port IDE disk
+		 48 = /dev/pdd		Fourth parallel port IDE disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
+		limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
+
+  46 char	Comtrol Rocketport serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyR0	First Rocketport port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyR1	Second Rocketport port
+		    ...
+  46 block	Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
+		  0 = /dev/pcd0		First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
+		  1 = /dev/pcd1		Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
+		  2 = /dev/pcd2		Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
+		  3 = /dev/pcd3		Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
+
+  47 char	Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cur0		Callout device for ttyR0
+		  1 = /dev/cur1		Callout device for ttyR1
+		    ...
+  47 block	Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
+		  0 = /dev/pf0		First parallel port ATAPI disk
+		  1 = /dev/pf1		Second parallel port ATAPI disk
+		  2 = /dev/pf2		Third parallel port ATAPI disk
+		  3 = /dev/pf3		Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
+
+		This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
+		devices and hence does not support partitioning.
+
+  48 char	SDL RISCom serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyL0	First RISCom port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyL1	Second RISCom port
+		    ...
+  48 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c0d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c0d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c0d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		For partitions add:
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c?d?	Whole disk
+		  1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1	First partition
+		    ...
+		  7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7	Seventh partition
+
+  49 char	SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cul0		Callout device for ttyL0
+		  1 = /dev/cul1		Callout device for ttyL1
+		    ...
+  49 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c1d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c1d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c1d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+  50 char	Reserved for GLINT
+
+  50 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c2d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c2d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c2d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+  51 char	Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
+		  0 = /dev/bc0		First Baycom radio modem
+		  1 = /dev/bc1		Second Baycom radio modem
+		    ...
+  51 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c3d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c3d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c3d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+  52 char	Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
+		  0 = /dev/dcbri0	First DataComm card
+		  1 = /dev/dcbri1	Second DataComm card
+		  2 = /dev/dcbri2	Third DataComm card
+		  3 = /dev/dcbri3	Fourth DataComm card
+
+  52 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c4d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c4d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c4d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+  53 char	BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
+		  0 = /dev/pd_bdm0	PD BDM interface on lp0
+		  1 = /dev/pd_bdm1	PD BDM interface on lp1
+		  2 = /dev/pd_bdm2	PD BDM interface on lp2
+		  4 = /dev/icd_bdm0	ICD BDM interface on lp0
+		  5 = /dev/icd_bdm1	ICD BDM interface on lp1
+		  6 = /dev/icd_bdm2	ICD BDM interface on lp2
+
+		This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
+		microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
+		Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
+		Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
+		by P&E.
+
+  53 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c5d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c5d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c5d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+  54 char	Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
+		  0 = /dev/holter0	First Holter port
+		  1 = /dev/holter1	Second Holter port
+		  2 = /dev/holter2	Third Holter port
+
+		A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
+		<mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
+		24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
+
+  54 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c6d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c6d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c6d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+  55 char	DSP56001 digital signal processor
+		  0 = /dev/dsp56k	First DSP56001
+
+  55 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c7d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c7d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c7d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+  56 char	Apple Desktop Bus
+		  0 = /dev/adb		ADB bus control
+
+		Additional devices will be added to this number, all
+		starting with /dev/adb.
+
+  56 block	Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hdi		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdj		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  57 char	Hayes ESP serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyP0	First ESP port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyP1	Second ESP port
+		    ...
+
+  57 block	Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hdk		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdl		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  58 char	Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cup0		Callout device for ttyP0
+		  1 = /dev/cup1		Callout device for ttyP1
+		    ...
+
+  58 block	Reserved for logical volume manager
+
+  59 char	sf firewall package
+		  0 = /dev/firewall	Communication with sf kernel module
+
+  59 block	Generic PDA filesystem device
+		  0 = /dev/pda0		First PDA device
+		  1 = /dev/pda1		Second PDA device
+		    ...
+
+		The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
+		remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
+		proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
+		running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
+		IRDA / parallel links.
+
+		NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
+
+  60-63 char	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+
+  60-63 block	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+		Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
+		assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
+		used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
+
+  64 char	ENskip kernel encryption package
+		  0 = /dev/enskip	Communication with ENskip kernel module
+
+  64 block	Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
+		  0 = /dev/scramdisk/master    Master node for ioctls
+		  1 = /dev/scramdisk/1         First encrypted device
+		  2 = /dev/scramdisk/2         Second encrypted device
+		  ...
+		255 = /dev/scramdisk/255       255th encrypted device
+
+		The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
+		are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
+		node which then activates them via one of the
+		/dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
+		through the sdmount tool).
+
+		Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org
+
+  65 char	Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
+		  0 = /dev/plink0	First plink device
+		  1 = /dev/plink1	Second plink device
+		  2 = /dev/plink2	Third plink device
+		  3 = /dev/plink3	Fourth plink device
+		 64 = /dev/rplink0	First plink device, raw
+		 65 = /dev/rplink1	Second plink device, raw
+		 66 = /dev/rplink2	Third plink device, raw
+		 67 = /dev/rplink3	Fourth plink device, raw
+		128 = /dev/plink0d	First plink device, debug
+		129 = /dev/plink1d	Second plink device, debug
+		130 = /dev/plink2d	Third plink device, debug
+		131 = /dev/plink3d	Fourth plink device, debug
+		192 = /dev/rplink0d	First plink device, raw, debug
+		193 = /dev/rplink1d	Second plink device, raw, debug
+		194 = /dev/rplink2d	Third plink device, raw, debug
+		195 = /dev/rplink3d	Fourth plink device, raw, debug
+
+		This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
+		<jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.
+
+  65 block	SCSI disk devices (16-31)
+		  0 = /dev/sdq		17th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/sdr		18th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/sds		19th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/sdaf		32nd SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  66 char	YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
+		  0 = /dev/yppcpci0	First YARC card
+		  1 = /dev/yppcpci1	Second YARC card
+		    ...
+
+  66 block	SCSI disk devices (32-47)
+		  0 = /dev/sdag		33th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/sdah		34th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/sdai		35th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/sdav		48nd SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  67 char	Coda network file system
+		  0 = /dev/cfs0		Coda cache manager
+
+		See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
+
+  67 block	SCSI disk devices (48-63)
+		  0 = /dev/sdaw		49th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/sdax		50th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/sday		51st SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/sdbl		64th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  68 char	CAPI 2.0 interface
+		  0 = /dev/capi20	Control device
+		  1 = /dev/capi20.00	First CAPI 2.0 application
+		  2 = /dev/capi20.01	Second CAPI 2.0 application
+		    ...
+		 20 = /dev/capi20.19	19th CAPI 2.0 application
+
+		ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
+		applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
+
+  68 block	SCSI disk devices (64-79)
+		  0 = /dev/sdbm		65th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/sdbn		66th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/sdbo		67th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/sdcb		80th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  69 char	MA16 numeric accelerator card
+		  0 = /dev/ma16		Board memory access
+
+  69 block	SCSI disk devices (80-95)
+		  0 = /dev/sdcc		81st SCSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/sdcd		82nd SCSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/sdce		83th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/sdcr		96th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  70 char	SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
+		  0 = /dev/apscfg	Configuration interface
+		  1 = /dev/apsauth	Authentication interface
+		  2 = /dev/apslog	Logging interface
+		  3 = /dev/apsdbg	Debugging interface
+		 64 = /dev/apsisdn	ISDN command interface
+		 65 = /dev/apsasync	Async command interface
+		128 = /dev/apsmon	Monitor interface
+
+  70 block	SCSI disk devices (96-111)
+		  0 = /dev/sdcs		97th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/sdct		98th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/sdcu		99th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/sddh		112nd SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  71 char	Computone IntelliPort II serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyF0	IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
+		  1 = /dev/ttyF1	IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/ttyF63	IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
+		 64 = /dev/ttyF64	IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
+		 65 = /dev/ttyF65	IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
+		    ...
+		127 = /dev/ttyF127	IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
+		128 = /dev/ttyF128	IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
+		129 = /dev/ttyF129	IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
+		    ...
+		191 = /dev/ttyF191	IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
+		192 = /dev/ttyF192	IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
+		193 = /dev/ttyF193	IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/ttyF255	IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
+
+  71 block	SCSI disk devices (112-127)
+		  0 = /dev/sddi		113th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/sddj		114th SCSI disk whole disk
+		 32 = /dev/sddk		115th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/sddx		128th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  72 char	Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cuf0		Callout device for ttyF0
+		  1 = /dev/cuf1		Callout device for ttyF1
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/cuf63	Callout device for ttyF63
+		 64 = /dev/cuf64	Callout device for ttyF64
+		 65 = /dev/cuf65	Callout device for ttyF65
+		    ...
+		127 = /dev/cuf127	Callout device for ttyF127
+		128 = /dev/cuf128	Callout device for ttyF128
+		129 = /dev/cuf129	Callout device for ttyF129
+		    ...
+		191 = /dev/cuf191	Callout device for ttyF191
+		192 = /dev/cuf192	Callout device for ttyF192
+		193 = /dev/cuf193	Callout device for ttyF193
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/cuf255	Callout device for ttyF255
+
+  72 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
+		  0 = /dev/ida/c0d0	First logical drive whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1	Second logical drive whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ida/c0d15	16th logical drive whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  73 char	Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
+		  0 = /dev/ip2ipl0	Loadware device for board 0
+		  1 = /dev/ip2stat0	Status device for board 0
+		  4 = /dev/ip2ipl1	Loadware device for board 1
+		  5 = /dev/ip2stat1	Status device for board 1
+		  8 = /dev/ip2ipl2	Loadware device for board 2
+		  9 = /dev/ip2stat2	Status device for board 2
+		 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3	Loadware device for board 3
+		 13 = /dev/ip2stat3	Status device for board 3
+
+  73 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
+		  0 = /dev/ida/c1d0	First logical drive whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1	Second logical drive whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ida/c1d15	16th logical drive whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  74 char	SCI bridge
+		  0 = /dev/SCI/0	SCI device 0
+		  1 = /dev/SCI/1	SCI device 1
+		    ...
+
+		Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
+		bridge.
+
+  74 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
+		  0 = /dev/ida/c2d0	First logical drive whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1	Second logical drive whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ida/c2d15	16th logical drive whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  75 char	Specialix IO8+ serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyW0	First IO8+ port, first card
+		  1 = /dev/ttyW1	Second IO8+ port, first card
+		    ...
+		  8 = /dev/ttyW8	First IO8+ port, second card
+		    ...
+
+  75 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
+		  0 = /dev/ida/c3d0	First logical drive whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1	Second logical drive whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ida/c3d15	16th logical drive whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  76 char	Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cuw0		Callout device for ttyW0
+		  1 = /dev/cuw1		Callout device for ttyW1
+		    ...
+		  8 = /dev/cuw8		Callout device for ttyW8
+		    ...
+
+  76 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
+		  0 = /dev/ida/c4d0	First logical drive whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1	Second logical drive whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ida/c4d15	16th logical drive whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+
+  77 char	ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
+		  0 = /dev/qng		ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
+
+  77 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
+		  0 = /dev/ida/c5d0	First logical drive whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1	Second logical drive whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ida/c5d15	16th logical drive whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  78 char	PAM Software's multimodem boards
+		  0 = /dev/ttyM0	First PAM modem
+		  1 = /dev/ttyM1	Second PAM modem
+		    ...
+
+  78 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
+		  0 = /dev/ida/c6d0	First logical drive whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1	Second logical drive whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ida/c6d15	16th logical drive whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  79 char	PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cum0		Callout device for ttyM0
+		  1 = /dev/cum1		Callout device for ttyM1
+		    ...
+
+  79 block	Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller
+		  0 = /dev/ida/c7d0	First logical drive whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1	Second logical drive whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/ida/c715	16th logical drive whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  80 char	Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
+		  0 = /dev/at200	Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
+
+  80 block	I2O hard disk
+		  0 = /dev/i2o/hda	First I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb	Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/i2o/hdp	16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  81 char	video4linux
+		  0 = /dev/video0	Video capture/overlay device
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/video63	Video capture/overlay device
+		 64 = /dev/radio0	Radio device
+		    ...
+		127 = /dev/radio63	Radio device
+		128 = /dev/swradio0	Software Defined Radio device
+		    ...
+		191 = /dev/swradio63	Software Defined Radio device
+		224 = /dev/vbi0		Vertical blank interrupt
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/vbi31	Vertical blank interrupt
+
+		Minor numbers are allocated dynamically unless
+		CONFIG_VIDEO_FIXED_MINOR_RANGES (default n)
+		configuration option is set.
+
+  81 block	I2O hard disk
+		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdq	17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr	18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf	32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  82 char	WiNRADiO communications receiver card
+		  0 = /dev/winradio0	First WiNRADiO card
+		  1 = /dev/winradio1	Second WiNRADiO card
+		    ...
+
+		The driver and documentation may be obtained from
+		http://www.winradio.com/
+
+  82 block	I2O hard disk
+		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdag	33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah	34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/i2o/hdav	48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  83 char	Matrox mga_vid video driver
+		 0 = /dev/mga_vid0	1st video card
+		 1 = /dev/mga_vid1	2nd video card
+		 2 = /dev/mga_vid2	3rd video card
+		  ...
+		15 = /dev/mga_vid15	16th video card
+
+  83 block	I2O hard disk
+		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw	49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax	50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl	64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  84 char	Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
+		  0 = /dev/ihcp0	First Greensheet port
+		  1 = /dev/ihcp1	Second Greensheet port
+
+  84 block	I2O hard disk
+		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm	65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn	66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb	80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  85 char	Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
+		  0 = /dev/shmiq	Master shared input queue
+		  1 = /dev/qcntl0	First device pushed
+		  2 = /dev/qcntl1	Second device pushed
+		    ...
+
+  85 block	I2O hard disk
+		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc	81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd	82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr	96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  86 char	SCSI media changer
+		  0 = /dev/sch0		First SCSI media changer
+		  1 = /dev/sch1		Second SCSI media changer
+		    ...
+
+  86 block	I2O hard disk
+		  0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs	97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct	98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/i2o/hddh	112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  87 char	Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
+		  0 = /dev/controla0	First device on chain
+		  1 = /dev/controla1	Second device on chain
+		    ...
+
+  87 block	I2O hard disk
+		  0 = /dev/i2o/hddi	113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj	114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/i2o/hddx	128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  88 char	COMX synchronous serial card
+		  0 = /dev/comx0	COMX channel 0
+		  1 = /dev/comx1	COMX channel 1
+		    ...
+
+  88 block	Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hdm		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdn		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  89 char	I2C bus interface
+		  0 = /dev/i2c-0	First I2C adapter
+		  1 = /dev/i2c-1	Second I2C adapter
+		    ...
+
+  89 block	Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hdo		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdp		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  90 char	Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
+		  0 = /dev/mtd0		First MTD (rw)
+		  1 = /dev/mtdr0	First MTD (ro)
+		    ...
+		 30 = /dev/mtd15	16th MTD (rw)
+		 31 = /dev/mtdr15	16th MTD (ro)
+
+  90 block	Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hdq		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdr		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  91 char	CAN-Bus devices
+		  0 = /dev/can0		First CAN-Bus controller
+		  1 = /dev/can1		Second CAN-Bus controller
+		    ...
+
+  91 block	Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
+		  0 = /dev/hds		Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+		 64 = /dev/hdt		Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
+		interface (see major number 3).
+
+  92 char	Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
+
+  92 block	PPDD encrypted disk driver
+		  0 = /dev/ppdd0	First encrypted disk
+		  1 = /dev/ppdd1	Second encrypted disk
+		    ...
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+  93 char
+
+  93 block	NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
+		  0 = /dev/nftla	First NFTL layer
+		 16 = /dev/nftlb	Second NFTL layer
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/nftlp	16th NTFL layer
+
+  94 char
+
+  94 block	IBM S/390 DASD block storage
+		  0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
+		  1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
+		  2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
+		  3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
+		  4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
+		  5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
+		  6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
+		  7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
+		    ...
+
+  95 char	IP filter
+		  0 = /dev/ipl		Filter control device/log file
+		  1 = /dev/ipnat	NAT control device/log file
+		  2 = /dev/ipstate	State information log file
+		  3 = /dev/ipauth	Authentication control device/log file
+		    ...
+
+  96 char	Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
+		  0 = /dev/pt0		First parallel port ATAPI tape
+		  1 = /dev/pt1		Second parallel port ATAPI tape
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/npt0		First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
+		129 = /dev/npt1		Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
+		    ...
+
+  96 block	Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
+		  0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
+		 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/inftlp	16th INTFL layer
+
+  97 char	Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
+		  0 = /dev/pg0		First parallel port ATAPI device
+		  1 = /dev/pg1		Second parallel port ATAPI device
+		  2 = /dev/pg2		Third parallel port ATAPI device
+		  3 = /dev/pg3		Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
+
+		These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
+		devices.
+
+  98 char	Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
+		  0 = /dev/comedi0	First comedi device
+		  1 = /dev/comedi1	Second comedi device
+		    ...
+
+		See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi.
+
+  98 block	User-mode virtual block device
+		  0 = /dev/ubda		First user-mode block device
+		 16 = /dev/udbb		Second user-mode block device
+		    ...
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+		This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
+
+  99 char	Raw parallel ports
+		  0 = /dev/parport0	First parallel port
+		  1 = /dev/parport1	Second parallel port
+		    ...
+
+  99 block	JavaStation flash disk
+		  0 = /dev/jsfd		JavaStation flash disk
+
+ 100 char	Telephony for Linux
+		  0 = /dev/phone0	First telephony device
+		  1 = /dev/phone1	Second telephony device
+		    ...
+
+ 101 char	Motorola DSP 56xxx board
+		  0 = /dev/mdspstat	Status information
+		  1 = /dev/mdsp1	First DSP board I/O controls
+		    ...
+		 16 = /dev/mdsp16	16th DSP board I/O controls
+
+ 101 block	AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
+		  0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0	First array whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1	Second array whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15	16th array whole disk
+
+		For each device, partitions are added as:
+		  0 = /dev/amiraid/ar?	  Whole disk
+		  1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1  First partition
+		  2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2  Second partition
+		    ...
+		 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
+
+ 102 char
+
+ 102 block	Compressed block device
+		  0 = /dev/cbd/a	First compressed block device, whole device
+		 16 = /dev/cbd/b	Second compressed block device, whole device
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cbd/p	16th compressed block device, whole device
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 103 char	Arla network file system
+		  0 = /dev/nnpfs0	First NNPFS device
+		  1 = /dev/nnpfs1	Second NNPFS device
+
+		Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
+		The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
+		implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
+		mounting.  For more information about the project,
+		write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or see
+		http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/
+
+ 103 block	Audit device
+		  0 = /dev/audit	Audit device
+
+ 104 char	Flash BIOS support
+
+ 104 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
+		  0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0	First logical drive, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 105 char	Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
+		  0 = /dev/ttyV0	First VS-1000 port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyV1	Second VS-1000 port
+		    ...
+
+ 105 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
+		  0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0	First logical drive, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 106 char	Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cuv0		First VS-1000 port
+		  1 = /dev/cuv1		Second VS-1000 port
+		    ...
+
+ 106 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
+		  0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0	First logical drive, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 107 char	3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
+		  0 = /dev/3dfx		Primary 3Dfx graphics device
+
+ 107 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
+		  0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0	First logical drive, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 108 char	Device independent PPP interface
+		  0 = /dev/ppp		Device independent PPP interface
+
+ 108 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
+		  0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0	First logical drive, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 109 char	Reserved for logical volume manager
+
+ 109 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
+		  0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0	First logical drive, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 110 char	miroMEDIA Surround board
+		  0 = /dev/srnd0	First miroMEDIA Surround board
+		  1 = /dev/srnd1	Second miroMEDIA Surround board
+		    ...
+
+ 110 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
+		  0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0	First logical drive, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 111 char
+
+ 111 block	Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller
+		  0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0	First logical drive, whole disk
+		 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1	Second logical drive, whole disk
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15	16th logical drive, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
+		DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 112 char	ISI serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyM0	First ISI port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyM1	Second ISI port
+		    ...
+
+		There is currently a device-naming conflict between
+		these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
+
+ 112 block	IBM iSeries virtual disk
+		  0 = /dev/iseries/vda	First virtual disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/iseries/vdb	Second virtual disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		200 = /dev/iseries/vdz	26th virtual disk, whole disk
+		208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa	27th virtual disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf	32nd virtual disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 7.
+
+ 113 char	ISI serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cum0		Callout device for ttyM0
+		  1 = /dev/cum1		Callout device for ttyM1
+		    ...
+
+ 113 block	IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
+		  0 = /dev/iseries/vcda	First virtual CD-ROM
+		  1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb	Second virtual CD-ROM
+		    ...
+
+ 114 char	Picture Elements ISE board
+		  0 = /dev/ise0		First ISE board
+		  1 = /dev/ise1		Second ISE board
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/isex0	Control node for first ISE board
+		129 = /dev/isex1	Control node for second ISE board
+		    ...
+
+		The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
+		image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
+		I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
+		nodes used to control the board.
+
+ 114 block       IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
+		Promise Fastrak
+
+		   0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
+		   1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
+		   2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
+		  ...
+		  16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
+		  17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
+		  18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
+		  ...
+		 255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 115 char	TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
+		  0 = /dev/tipar0    Parallel cable on first parallel port
+		  ...
+		  7 = /dev/tipar7    Parallel cable on seventh parallel port
+
+		  8 = /dev/tiser0    Serial cable on first serial port
+		  ...
+		 15 = /dev/tiser7    Serial cable on seventh serial port
+
+		 16 = /dev/tiusb0    First USB cable
+		  ...
+		 47 = /dev/tiusb31   32nd USB cable
+
+ 115 block       NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)
+
+		The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
+		collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
+		Partitions as a logical storage segment for
+		use in mounting NetWare volumes.  A maximum of
+		 256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
+		machine.
+
+		http://cgfa.telepac.pt/ftp2/kernel.org/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs/
+
+		 0 = /dev/nwfs/v0    First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
+		 1 = /dev/nwfs/v1    Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
+		 2 = /dev/nwfs/v2    Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
+		      ...
+		 255 = /dev/nwfs/v255    Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
+
+ 116 char	Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
+
+ 116 block       MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
+		Supports 16 boards, 15 partitions each.
+		Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.
+
+		 0 = /dev/umem/d0      Whole of first board
+		 1 = /dev/umem/d0p1    First partition of first board
+		 2 = /dev/umem/d0p2    Second partition of first board
+		15 = /dev/umem/d0p15   15th partition of first board
+
+		16 = /dev/umem/d1      Whole of second board
+		17 = /dev/umem/d1p1    First partition of second board
+		    ...
+		255= /dev/umem/d15p15  15th partition of 16th board.
+
+ 117 char	COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
+		  0 = /dev/cosa0c0	1st board, 1st channel
+		  1 = /dev/cosa0c1	1st board, 2nd channel
+		    ...
+		 16 = /dev/cosa1c0	2nd board, 1st channel
+		 17 = /dev/cosa1c1	2nd board, 2nd channel
+		    ...
+
+ 117 block       Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)
+
+		The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
+		unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
+		storage.  This allows for easy expansion or customization
+		of various levels of volume management.  Requested by
+		Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).
+
+		Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
+		/dev/evms.
+
+		http://sf.net/projects/evms
+
+		   0 = /dev/evms/block_device   EVMS block device
+		   1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1    First EVMS legacy device
+		   2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2    Second EVMS legacy device
+		    ...
+		    Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
+		    ...
+		 254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2      Second EVMS native device
+		 255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1      First EVMS native device
+
+		Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
+		device names.  For example, /dev/hda5 would become
+		/dev/evms/hda5.
+
+ 118 char	IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
+		  0 = /dev/ica	Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
+		  1 = /dev/ica0	IBMCA Device 0
+		  2 = /dev/ica1	IBMCA Device 1
+		    ...
+
+ 119 char	VMware virtual network control
+		  0 = /dev/vnet0	1st virtual network
+		  1 = /dev/vnet1	2nd virtual network
+		    ...
+
+ 120-127 char	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+
+ 120-127 block	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+		Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
+		assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
+		used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
+
+ 128-135 char	Unix98 PTY masters
+
+		These devices should not have corresponding device
+		nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
+		/dev/ptmx cloning interface.
+
+ 128 block       SCSI disk devices (128-143)
+		   0 = /dev/sddy         129th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/sddz         130th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/sdea         131th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		 240 = /dev/sden         144th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 129 block       SCSI disk devices (144-159)
+		   0 = /dev/sdeo         145th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/sdep         146th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/sdeq         147th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		 240 = /dev/sdfd         160th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 130 char 	(Misc devices)
+
+ 130 block       SCSI disk devices (160-175)
+		   0 = /dev/sdfe         161st SCSI disk whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/sdff         162nd SCSI disk whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/sdfg         163rd SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		 240 = /dev/sdft         176th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 131 block       SCSI disk devices (176-191)
+		   0 = /dev/sdfu         177th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/sdfv         178th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/sdfw         179th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		 240 = /dev/sdgj         192nd SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 132 block       SCSI disk devices (192-207)
+		   0 = /dev/sdgk         193rd SCSI disk whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/sdgl         194th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/sdgm         195th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		 240 = /dev/sdgz         208th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 133 block       SCSI disk devices (208-223)
+		   0 = /dev/sdha         209th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/sdhb         210th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/sdhc         211th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		 240 = /dev/sdhp         224th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 134 block       SCSI disk devices (224-239)
+		   0 = /dev/sdhq         225th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/sdhr         226th SCSI disk whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/sdhs         227th SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		 240 = /dev/sdif         240th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 135 block       SCSI disk devices (240-255)
+		   0 = /dev/sdig         241st SCSI disk whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/sdih         242nd SCSI disk whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/sdih         243rd SCSI disk whole disk
+		    ...
+		 240 = /dev/sdiv         256th SCSI disk whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 136-143 char	Unix98 PTY slaves
+		  0 = /dev/pts/0	First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
+		  1 = /dev/pts/1	Second Unix98 pseudo-TTY
+		    ...
+
+		These device nodes are automatically generated with
+		the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
+		devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
+		mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
+		*most* distributions the appropriate options are
+		"mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
+
+ 136 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c8d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c8d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c8d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+ 137 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c9d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c9d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c9d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+ 138 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c10d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c10d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c10d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+ 139 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c11d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c11d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c11d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+ 140 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c12d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c12d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c12d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+ 141 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c13d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c13d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c13d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+ 142 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c14d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c14d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c14d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+ 143 block	Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
+		  0 = /dev/rd/c15d0	First disk, whole disk
+		  8 = /dev/rd/c15d1	Second disk, whole disk
+		    ...
+		248 = /dev/rd/c15d31	32nd disk, whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled as for major 48.
+
+ 144 char	Encapsulated PPP
+		  0 = /dev/pppox0	First PPP over Ethernet
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/pppox63	64th PPP over Ethernet
+
+		This is primarily used for ADSL.
+
+		The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
+		relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
+
+ 144 block	Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
+		  0 = mounted device 256
+		255 = mounted device 511
+
+ 145 char	SAM9407-based soundcard
+		  0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
+		  1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
+		  2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
+		  3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
+		  4 = /dev/sam0_audio
+		  6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
+		 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
+		 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
+		 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
+		 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
+		    ...
+		192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
+		    ...
+
+		Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
+		addons, which are sam9407 specific.  OSS can be
+		operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
+
+ 145 block	Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
+		  0 = mounted device 512
+		255 = mounted device 767
+
+ 146 char	SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
+		  0 = /dev/scramnet0	First SCRAMNet device
+		  1 = /dev/scramnet1	Second SCRAMNet device
+		    ...
+
+ 146 block	Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
+		  0 = mounted device 768
+		255 = mounted device 1023
+
+ 147 char	Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
+		  0 = /dev/aureal0	First Aureal Vortex
+		  1 = /dev/aureal1	Second Aureal Vortex
+		    ...
+
+ 147 block	Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
+		  0 = /dev/drbd0	First DRBD device
+		  1 = /dev/drbd1	Second DRBD device
+		    ...
+
+ 148 char	Technology Concepts serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyT0	First TCL port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyT1	Second TCL port
+		    ...
+
+ 149 char	Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cut0		Callout device for ttyT0
+		  1 = /dev/cut0		Callout device for ttyT1
+		    ...
+
+ 150 char	Real-Time Linux FIFOs
+		  0 = /dev/rtf0		First RTLinux FIFO
+		  1 = /dev/rtf1		Second RTLinux FIFO
+		    ...
+
+ 151 char	DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
+		  0 = /dev/dpti0	First DPT I2O adapter
+		  1 = /dev/dpti1	Second DPT I2O adapter
+		    ...
+
+ 152 char	EtherDrive Control Device
+		  0 = /dev/etherd/ctl	Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
+		  1 = /dev/etherd/err	Monitor errors
+		  2 = /dev/etherd/raw	Raw AoE packet monitor
+
+ 152 block	EtherDrive Block Devices
+		  0 = /dev/etherd/0	EtherDrive 0
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/etherd/255	EtherDrive 255
+
+ 153 char	SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
+		  0 = /dev/spi0		First SPI device on the bus
+		  1 = /dev/spi1		Second SPI device on the bus
+		    ...
+		 15 = /dev/spi15	Sixteenth SPI device on the bus
+
+ 153 block	Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
+		  0 = /dev/emd/0	First unit
+		  1 = /dev/emd/0p1	Partition 1 on First unit
+		  2 = /dev/emd/0p2	Partition 2 on First unit
+		    ...
+		 15 = /dev/emd/0p15	Partition 15 on First unit
+
+		 16 = /dev/emd/1	Second unit
+		 32 = /dev/emd/2	Third unit
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/emd/15	Sixteenth unit
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 154 char	Specialix RIO serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttySR0	First RIO port
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/ttySR255	256th RIO port
+
+ 155 char	Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cusr0	Callout device for ttySR0
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/cusr255	Callout device for ttySR255
+
+ 156 char	Specialix RIO serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttySR256	257th RIO port
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/ttySR511	512th RIO port
+
+ 157 char	Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cusr256	Callout device for ttySR256
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/cusr511	Callout device for ttySR511
+
+ 158 char	Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
+		  0 = /dev/gfax0	GammaLink channel 0
+		  1 = /dev/gfax1	GammaLink channel 1
+		    ...
+
+ 159 char	RESERVED
+
+ 159 block	RESERVED
+
+ 160 char	General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
+		  0 = /dev/gpib0	First GPIB bus
+		  1 = /dev/gpib1	Second GPIB bus
+		    ...
+
+ 160 block       Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
+		  0 = /dev/carmel/0     SATA disk 0 whole disk
+		  1 = /dev/carmel/0p1   SATA disk 0 partition 1
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/carmel/0p31  SATA disk 0 partition 31
+
+		 32 = /dev/carmel/1     SATA disk 1 whole disk
+		 64 = /dev/carmel/2     SATA disk 2 whole disk
+		    ...
+		224 = /dev/carmel/7     SATA disk 7 whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 31.
+
+ 161 char	IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
+		  0 = /dev/ircomm0	First IrCOMM device
+		  1 = /dev/ircomm1	Second IrCOMM device
+		    ...
+		 16 = /dev/irlpt0	First IrLPT device
+		 17 = /dev/irlpt1	Second IrLPT device
+		    ...
+
+ 161 block       Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
+		  0 = /dev/carmel/8     SATA disk 8 whole disk
+		  1 = /dev/carmel/8p1   SATA disk 8 partition 1
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/carmel/8p31  SATA disk 8 partition 31
+
+		 32 = /dev/carmel/9     SATA disk 9 whole disk
+		 64 = /dev/carmel/10    SATA disk 10 whole disk
+		    ...
+		224 = /dev/carmel/15    SATA disk 15 whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 31.
+
+ 162 char	Raw block device interface
+		  0 = /dev/rawctl	Raw I/O control device
+		  1 = /dev/raw/raw1	First raw I/O device
+		  2 = /dev/raw/raw2	Second raw I/O device
+		    ...
+		 max minor number of raw device is set by kernel config
+		 MAX_RAW_DEVS or raw module parameter 'max_raw_devs'
+
+ 163 char
+
+ 164 char	Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyCH0	AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
+		    ...
+		 15 = /dev/ttyCH15	AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
+		 16 = /dev/ttyCH16	AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/ttyCH31	AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
+		 32 = /dev/ttyCH32	AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
+		    ...
+		 47 = /dev/ttyCH47	AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
+		 48 = /dev/ttyCH48	AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/ttyCH63	AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
+
+ 165 char	Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cuch0	Callout device for ttyCH0
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/cuch63	Callout device for ttyCH63
+
+ 166 char	ACM USB modems
+		  0 = /dev/ttyACM0	First ACM modem
+		  1 = /dev/ttyACM1	Second ACM modem
+		    ...
+
+ 167 char	ACM USB modems - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cuacm0	Callout device for ttyACM0
+		  1 = /dev/cuacm1	Callout device for ttyACM1
+		    ...
+
+ 168 char	Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
+		  0 = /dev/ecsa0	First CSA7000
+		  1 = /dev/ecsa1	Second CSA7000
+		    ...
+
+ 169 char	Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
+		  0 = /dev/ecsa8-0	First CSA8000
+		  1 = /dev/ecsa8-1	Second CSA8000
+		    ...
+
+ 170 char	AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
+		  0 = /dev/megarac0	First MegaRAC card
+		  1 = /dev/megarac1	Second MegaRAC card
+		    ...
+
+ 171 char	Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
+
+ 172 char	Moxa Intellio serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyMX0	First Moxa port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyMX1	Second Moxa port
+		    ...
+		127 = /dev/ttyMX127	128th Moxa port
+		128 = /dev/moxactl	Moxa control port
+
+ 173 char	Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cumx0	Callout device for ttyMX0
+		  1 = /dev/cumx1	Callout device for ttyMX1
+		    ...
+		127 = /dev/cumx127	Callout device for ttyMX127
+
+ 174 char	SmartIO serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttySI0	First SmartIO port
+		  1 = /dev/ttySI1	Second SmartIO port
+		    ...
+
+ 175 char	SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cusi0	Callout device for ttySI0
+		  1 = /dev/cusi1	Callout device for ttySI1
+		    ...
+
+ 176 char	nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
+		  0 = /dev/nfastpci0	First nFast PCI device
+		  1 = /dev/nfastpci1	First nFast PCI device
+		    ...
+
+ 177 char	TI PCILynx memory spaces
+		  0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0	 AUX space of first PCILynx card
+		    ...
+		 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
+		 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0	 ROM space of first PCILynx card
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
+		 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0	 RAM space of first PCILynx card
+		    ...
+		 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
+
+ 178 char	Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
+		  0 = /dev/clanvi0	First cLAN adapter
+		  1 = /dev/clanvi1	Second cLAN adapter
+		    ...
+
+ 179 block       MMC block devices
+		  0 = /dev/mmcblk0      First SD/MMC card
+		  1 = /dev/mmcblk0p1    First partition on first MMC card
+		  8 = /dev/mmcblk1      Second SD/MMC card
+		    ...
+
+		The start of next SD/MMC card can be configured with
+		CONFIG_MMC_BLOCK_MINORS, or overridden at boot/modprobe
+		time using the mmcblk.perdev_minors option. That would
+		bump the offset between each card to be the configured
+		value instead of the default 8.
+
+ 179 char	CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
+		  0 = /dev/dvxirq0	First DVX device
+		  1 = /dev/dvxirq1	Second DVX device
+		    ...
+
+ 180 char	USB devices
+		  0 = /dev/usb/lp0	First USB printer
+		    ...
+		 15 = /dev/usb/lp15	16th USB printer
+		 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0	First USB scanner
+		    ...
+		 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
+		 64 = /dev/usb/rio500	Diamond Rio 500
+		 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd	USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
+		 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0	Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
+		 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0	1st USB HID device
+		    ...
+		111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15	16th USB HID device
+		112 = /dev/usb/auer0	1st auerswald ISDN device
+		    ...
+		127 = /dev/usb/auer15	16th auerswald ISDN device
+		128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0	First Braille Voyager device
+		    ...
+		131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3	Fourth Braille Voyager device
+		132 = /dev/usb/idmouse	ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
+		133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1	First SiSUSB VGA device
+		    ...
+		140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8	Eighth SISUSB VGA device
+		144 = /dev/usb/lcd	USB LCD device
+		160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0	1st USB Legotower device
+		    ...
+		175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15	16th USB Legotower device
+		176 = /dev/usb/usbtmc1	First USB TMC device
+		   ...
+		191 = /dev/usb/usbtmc16	16th USB TMC device
+		192 = /dev/usb/yurex1	First USB Yurex device
+		   ...
+		209 = /dev/usb/yurex16	16th USB Yurex device
+
+ 180 block	USB block devices
+		  0 = /dev/uba		First USB block device
+		  8 = /dev/ubb		Second USB block device
+		 16 = /dev/ubc		Third USB block device
+		    ...
+
+ 181 char	Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
+		  0 = /dev/pcfclock0	First Conrad radio clock
+		  1 = /dev/pcfclock1	Second Conrad radio clock
+		    ...
+
+ 182 char	Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
+		  0 = /dev/pethr0	First THR2 board
+		  1 = /dev/pethr1	Second THR2 board
+		    ...
+
+ 183 char	SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
+		  0 = /dev/ss5136dn0	First DeviceNet interface
+		  1 = /dev/ss5136dn1	Second DeviceNet interface
+		    ...
+
+		This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
+		It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
+
+ 184 char	Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
+		  0 = /dev/pevss0	First sender board
+		  1 = /dev/pevss1	Second sender board
+		    ...
+
+ 185 char	InterMezzo high availability file system
+		  0 = /dev/intermezzo0	First cache manager
+		  1 = /dev/intermezzo1	Second cache manager
+		    ...
+
+		See http://web.archive.org/web/20080115195241/
+		http://inter-mezzo.org/index.html
+
+ 186 char	Object-based storage control device
+		  0 = /dev/obd0		First obd control device
+		  1 = /dev/obd1		Second obd control device
+		    ...
+
+		See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
+
+ 187 char	DESkey hardware encryption device
+		  0 = /dev/deskey0	First DES key
+		  1 = /dev/deskey1	Second DES key
+		    ...
+
+ 188 char	USB serial converters
+		  0 = /dev/ttyUSB0	First USB serial converter
+		  1 = /dev/ttyUSB1	Second USB serial converter
+		    ...
+
+ 189 char	USB serial converters - alternate devices
+		  0 = /dev/cuusb0	Callout device for ttyUSB0
+		  1 = /dev/cuusb1	Callout device for ttyUSB1
+		    ...
+
+ 190 char	Kansas City tracker/tuner card
+		  0 = /dev/kctt0	First KCT/T card
+		  1 = /dev/kctt1	Second KCT/T card
+		    ...
+
+ 191 char	Reserved for PCMCIA
+
+ 192 char	Kernel profiling interface
+		  0 = /dev/profile	Profiling control device
+		  1 = /dev/profile0	Profiling device for CPU 0
+		  2 = /dev/profile1	Profiling device for CPU 1
+		    ...
+
+ 193 char	Kernel event-tracing interface
+		  0 = /dev/trace	Tracing control device
+		  1 = /dev/trace0	Tracing device for CPU 0
+		  2 = /dev/trace1	Tracing device for CPU 1
+		    ...
+
+ 194 char	linVideoStreams (LINVS)
+		  0 = /dev/mvideo/status0	Video compression status
+		  1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0	Video stream
+		  2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0	Single compressed frame
+		  3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0	Raw uncompressed frame
+		  4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0	Direct codec access
+		  5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0	Video4Linux compatibility
+
+		 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1	Second device
+		    ...
+		 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2	Third device
+		    ...
+		    ...
+		240 = /dev/mvideo/status15	16th device
+		    ...
+
+ 195 char	Nvidia graphics devices
+		  0 = /dev/nvidia0		First Nvidia card
+		  1 = /dev/nvidia1		Second Nvidia card
+		    ...
+		255 = /dev/nvidiactl		Nvidia card control device
+
+ 196 char	Tormenta T1 card
+		  0 = /dev/tor/0		Master control channel for all cards
+		  1 = /dev/tor/1		First DS0
+		  2 = /dev/tor/2		Second DS0
+		    ...
+		 48 = /dev/tor/48		48th DS0
+		 49 = /dev/tor/49		First pseudo-channel
+		 50 = /dev/tor/50		Second pseudo-channel
+		    ...
+
+ 197 char	OpenTNF tracing facility
+		  0 = /dev/tnf/t0		Trace 0 data extraction
+		  1 = /dev/tnf/t1		Trace 1 data extraction
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/tnf/status		Tracing facility status
+		130 = /dev/tnf/trace		Tracing device
+
+ 198 char	Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
+		  0 = /dev/tpmp2/0		First card
+		  1 = /dev/tpmp2/1		Second card
+		    ...
+
+ 199 char	Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
+		  0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*		First volume
+		  1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*		Second volume
+		    ...
+
+ 199 block	Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
+		  0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*		First volume
+		  1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*		Second volume
+		    ...
+
+		The namespace in these directories is maintained by
+		the user space VxVM software.
+
+ 200 char	Veritas VxVM configuration interface
+		   0 = /dev/vx/config		Configuration access node
+		   1 = /dev/vx/trace		Volume i/o trace access node
+		   2 = /dev/vx/iod		Volume i/o daemon access node
+		   3 = /dev/vx/info		Volume information access node
+		   4 = /dev/vx/task		Volume tasks access node
+		   5 = /dev/vx/taskmon		Volume tasks monitor daemon
+
+ 201 char	Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
+		  0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*		First multipath device
+		  1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*		Second multipath device
+		    ...
+ 201 block	Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
+		  0 = /dev/vx/dmp/*		First multipath device
+		  1 = /dev/vx/dmp/*		Second multipath device
+		    ...
+
+		The namespace in these directories is maintained by
+		the user space VxVM software.
+
+ 202 char	CPU model-specific registers
+		  0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr		MSRs on CPU 0
+		  1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr		MSRs on CPU 1
+		    ...
+
+ 202 block	Xen Virtual Block Device
+		  0 = /dev/xvda       First Xen VBD whole disk
+		  16 = /dev/xvdb      Second Xen VBD whole disk
+		  32 = /dev/xvdc      Third Xen VBD whole disk
+		    ...
+		  240 = /dev/xvdp     Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
+
+		Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
+		disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
+		partitions is 15.
+
+ 203 char	CPU CPUID information
+		  0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid		CPUID on CPU 0
+		  1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid		CPUID on CPU 1
+		    ...
+
+ 204 char	Low-density serial ports
+		  0 = /dev/ttyLU0		LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
+		  1 = /dev/ttyLU1		LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
+		  2 = /dev/ttyLU2		LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
+		  3 = /dev/ttyLU3		LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
+		  4 = /dev/ttyFB0		Intel Footbridge (ARM)
+		  5 = /dev/ttySA0		StrongARM builtin serial port 0
+		  6 = /dev/ttySA1		StrongARM builtin serial port 1
+		  7 = /dev/ttySA2		StrongARM builtin serial port 2
+		  8 = /dev/ttySC0		SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
+		  9 = /dev/ttySC1		SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
+		 10 = /dev/ttySC2		SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
+		 11 = /dev/ttySC3		SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
+		 12 = /dev/ttyFW0		Firmware console - port 0
+		 13 = /dev/ttyFW1		Firmware console - port 1
+		 14 = /dev/ttyFW2		Firmware console - port 2
+		 15 = /dev/ttyFW3		Firmware console - port 3
+		 16 = /dev/ttyAM0		ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/ttyAM15		ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
+		 32 = /dev/ttyDB0		DataBooster serial port 0
+		    ...
+		 39 = /dev/ttyDB7		DataBooster serial port 7
+		 40 = /dev/ttySG0		SGI Altix console port
+		 41 = /dev/ttySMX0		Motorola i.MX - port 0
+		 42 = /dev/ttySMX1		Motorola i.MX - port 1
+		 43 = /dev/ttySMX2		Motorola i.MX - port 2
+		 44 = /dev/ttyMM0		Marvell MPSC - port 0
+		 45 = /dev/ttyMM1		Marvell MPSC - port 1
+		 46 = /dev/ttyCPM0		PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
+		    ...
+		 47 = /dev/ttyCPM5		PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
+		 50 = /dev/ttyIOC0		Altix serial card
+		    ...
+		 81 = /dev/ttyIOC31		Altix serial card
+		 82 = /dev/ttyVR0		NEC VR4100 series SIU
+		 83 = /dev/ttyVR1		NEC VR4100 series DSIU
+		 84 = /dev/ttyIOC84		Altix ioc4 serial card
+		    ...
+		 115 = /dev/ttyIOC115		Altix ioc4 serial card
+		 116 = /dev/ttySIOC0		Altix ioc3 serial card
+		    ...
+		 147 = /dev/ttySIOC31		Altix ioc3 serial card
+		 148 = /dev/ttyPSC0		PPC PSC - port 0
+		    ...
+		 153 = /dev/ttyPSC5		PPC PSC - port 5
+		 154 = /dev/ttyAT0		ATMEL serial port 0
+		    ...
+		 169 = /dev/ttyAT15		ATMEL serial port 15
+		 170 = /dev/ttyNX0		Hilscher netX serial port 0
+		    ...
+		 185 = /dev/ttyNX15		Hilscher netX serial port 15
+		 186 = /dev/ttyJ0		JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
+		 187 = /dev/ttyUL0		Xilinx uartlite - port 0
+		    ...
+		 190 = /dev/ttyUL3		Xilinx uartlite - port 3
+		 191 = /dev/xvc0		Xen virtual console - port 0
+		 192 = /dev/ttyPZ0		pmac_zilog - port 0
+		    ...
+		 195 = /dev/ttyPZ3		pmac_zilog - port 3
+		 196 = /dev/ttyTX0		TX39/49 serial port 0
+		    ...
+		 204 = /dev/ttyTX7		TX39/49 serial port 7
+		 205 = /dev/ttySC0		SC26xx serial port 0
+		 206 = /dev/ttySC1		SC26xx serial port 1
+		 207 = /dev/ttySC2		SC26xx serial port 2
+		 208 = /dev/ttySC3		SC26xx serial port 3
+		 209 = /dev/ttyMAX0		MAX3100 serial port 0
+		 210 = /dev/ttyMAX1		MAX3100 serial port 1
+		 211 = /dev/ttyMAX2		MAX3100 serial port 2
+		 212 = /dev/ttyMAX3		MAX3100 serial port 3
+
+ 205 char	Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
+		  0 = /dev/culu0		Callout device for ttyLU0
+		  1 = /dev/culu1		Callout device for ttyLU1
+		  2 = /dev/culu2		Callout device for ttyLU2
+		  3 = /dev/culu3		Callout device for ttyLU3
+		  4 = /dev/cufb0		Callout device for ttyFB0
+		  5 = /dev/cusa0		Callout device for ttySA0
+		  6 = /dev/cusa1		Callout device for ttySA1
+		  7 = /dev/cusa2		Callout device for ttySA2
+		  8 = /dev/cusc0		Callout device for ttySC0
+		  9 = /dev/cusc1		Callout device for ttySC1
+		 10 = /dev/cusc2		Callout device for ttySC2
+		 11 = /dev/cusc3		Callout device for ttySC3
+		 12 = /dev/cufw0		Callout device for ttyFW0
+		 13 = /dev/cufw1		Callout device for ttyFW1
+		 14 = /dev/cufw2		Callout device for ttyFW2
+		 15 = /dev/cufw3		Callout device for ttyFW3
+		 16 = /dev/cuam0		Callout device for ttyAM0
+		    ...
+		 31 = /dev/cuam15		Callout device for ttyAM15
+		 32 = /dev/cudb0		Callout device for ttyDB0
+		    ...
+		 39 = /dev/cudb7		Callout device for ttyDB7
+		 40 = /dev/cusg0		Callout device for ttySG0
+		 41 = /dev/ttycusmx0		Callout device for ttySMX0
+		 42 = /dev/ttycusmx1		Callout device for ttySMX1
+		 43 = /dev/ttycusmx2		Callout device for ttySMX2
+		 46 = /dev/cucpm0		Callout device for ttyCPM0
+		    ...
+		 49 = /dev/cucpm5		Callout device for ttyCPM5
+		 50 = /dev/cuioc40		Callout device for ttyIOC40
+		    ...
+		 81 = /dev/cuioc431		Callout device for ttyIOC431
+		 82 = /dev/cuvr0		Callout device for ttyVR0
+		 83 = /dev/cuvr1		Callout device for ttyVR1
+
+ 206 char	OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
+		  0 = /dev/osst0		First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
+		  1 = /dev/osst1		Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
+		    ...
+		 32 = /dev/osst0l		First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
+		 33 = /dev/osst1l		Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
+		    ...
+		 64 = /dev/osst0m		First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
+		 65 = /dev/osst1m		Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
+		    ...
+		 96 = /dev/osst0a		First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
+		 97 = /dev/osst1a		Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/nosst0		No rewind version of /dev/osst0
+		129 = /dev/nosst1		No rewind version of /dev/osst1
+		    ...
+		160 = /dev/nosst0l		No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
+		161 = /dev/nosst1l		No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
+		    ...
+		192 = /dev/nosst0m		No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
+		193 = /dev/nosst1m		No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
+		    ...
+		224 = /dev/nosst0a		No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
+		225 = /dev/nosst1a		No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
+		    ...
+
+		The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
+		standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
+		their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
+		maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
+		usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
+		driver as well.  The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
+		compliant and don't need osst.
+
+ 207 char	Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
+		  0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw	Redirector interface
+		  1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom	EISA CROM
+		  2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt	Data Table
+		  3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt	Event Log
+		  4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr	Automatic Server Recovery
+		  5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc	ECC Memory
+		  6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca	Machine Check Architecture
+		  7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm	Deprecated CDT
+		  8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi	NMI Handling
+		  9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css	Sideshow Management
+		 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram	CMOS interface
+		 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci	PCI IRQ interface
+
+ 208 char	User space serial ports
+		  0 = /dev/ttyU0		First user space serial port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyU1		Second user space serial port
+		    ...
+
+ 209 char	User space serial ports (alternate devices)
+		  0 = /dev/cuu0			Callout device for ttyU0
+		  1 = /dev/cuu1			Callout device for ttyU1
+		    ...
+
+ 210 char	SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
+		  0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0		Configuration device for board 0
+		  1 = /dev/sbei/dld0		Download device for board 0
+		  2 = /dev/sbei/wan00		WAN device, port 0, board 0
+		  3 = /dev/sbei/wan01		WAN device, port 1, board 0
+		  4 = /dev/sbei/wan02		WAN device, port 2, board 0
+		  5 = /dev/sbei/wan03		WAN device, port 3, board 0
+		  6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00		WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
+		  7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01		WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
+		  8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02		WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
+		  9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03		WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
+		 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1		Configuration device for board 1
+		 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1		Download device for board 1
+		 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10		WAN device, port 0, board 1
+		 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11		WAN device, port 1, board 1
+		 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12		WAN device, port 2, board 1
+		 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13		WAN device, port 3, board 1
+		 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10		WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
+		 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11		WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
+		 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12		WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
+		 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13		WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
+		    ...
+
+		Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
+
+ 211 char	Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
+		  0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0	First CPCI1500 card
+		  1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1	Second CPCI1500 card
+		    ...
+
+ 212 char	LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
+		  0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0    first video decoder of first card
+		  1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0    first audio decoder of first card
+		  2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0      (obsolete/unused)
+		  3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
+		  4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0    first demux device of first card
+		  5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0      first digital video recoder device of first card
+		  6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0       first common access port of first card
+		  7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0      first network device of first card
+		  8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0      first on-screen-display device of first card
+		  9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1    second video decoder of first card
+		    ...
+		 64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0    first video decoder of second card
+		    ...
+		128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0    first video decoder of third card
+		    ...
+		196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0    first video decoder of fourth card
+
+ 216 char	Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
+		  0 = /dev/rfcomm0		First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
+		  1 = /dev/rfcomm1		Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
+		    ...
+
+ 217 char	Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices (alternate devices)
+		  0 = /dev/curf0		Callout device for rfcomm0
+		  1 = /dev/curf1		Callout device for rfcomm1
+		    ...
+
+ 218 char	The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
+		  0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0	First bus adapter
+		  1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1	First bus adapter
+		    ...
+
+ 219 char	The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
+		  0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0	First DCI-1300 card
+		  1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1	Second DCI-1300 card
+		    ...
+
+ 220 char	Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
+		  0 = /dev/myricom/gm0		First Myrinet GM board
+		  1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0		First board "root access"
+		  2 = /dev/myricom/gm1		Second Myrinet GM board
+		  3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1		Second board "root access"
+		    ...
+
+ 221 char	VME bus
+		  0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0		First master image
+		  1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1		Second master image
+		  2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2		Third master image
+		  3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3		Fourth master image
+		  4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0		First slave image
+		  5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1		Second slave image
+		  6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2		Third slave image
+		  7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3		Fourth slave image
+		  8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl		Control
+
+		It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
+		same interface.  For interface documentation see
+		http://www.vmelinux.org/.
+
+ 224 char	A2232 serial card
+		  0 = /dev/ttyY0		First A2232 port
+		  1 = /dev/ttyY1		Second A2232 port
+		    ...
+
+ 225 char	A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
+		  0 = /dev/cuy0			Callout device for ttyY0
+		  1 = /dev/cuy1			Callout device for ttyY1
+		    ...
+
+ 226 char	Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
+		  0 = /dev/dri/card0		First graphics card
+		  1 = /dev/dri/card1		Second graphics card
+		    ...
+
+ 227 char	IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
+		  1 = /dev/3270/tty1		First 3270 terminal
+		  2 = /dev/3270/tty2		Seconds 3270 terminal
+		    ...
+
+ 228 char	IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
+		  0 = /dev/3270/tub		Controlling interface
+		  1 = /dev/3270/tub1		First 3270 terminal
+		  2 = /dev/3270/tub2		Second 3270 terminal
+		    ...
+
+ 229 char	IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console
+		  0 = /dev/hvc0			First console port
+		  1 = /dev/hvc1			Second console port
+		    ...
+
+ 230 char	IBM iSeries virtual tape
+		  0 = /dev/iseries/vt0		First virtual tape, mode 0
+		  1 = /dev/iseries/vt1		Second virtual tape, mode 0
+		    ...
+		 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l		First virtual tape, mode 1
+		 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l		Second virtual tape, mode 1
+		    ...
+		 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m		First virtual tape, mode 2
+		 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m		Second virtual tape, mode 2
+		    ...
+		 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a		First virtual tape, mode 3
+		 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a		Second virtual tape, mode 3
+		      ...
+		128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0		First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
+		129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1		Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
+		    ...
+		160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l	First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
+		161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l	Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
+		    ...
+		192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m	First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
+		193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m	Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
+		    ...
+		224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a	First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
+		225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a	Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
+		    ...
+
+		"No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
+		automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
+		ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
+		the device used to access it.
+
+ 231 char	InfiniBand
+		0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
+		1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
+		  ...
+		63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63    63rd InfiniBandMad device
+		64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0     First InfiniBand IsSM device
+		65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1     Second InfiniBand IsSM device
+		  ...
+		127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63    63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
+		128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0   First InfiniBand verbs device
+		129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1   Second InfiniBand verbs device
+		  ...
+		159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31  31st InfiniBand verbs device
+
+ 232 char	Biometric Devices
+		0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint	first fingerprint sensor on first device
+		1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris		first iris sensor on first device
+		2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina	first retina sensor on first device
+		3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint	first voiceprint sensor on first device
+		4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial	first facial sensor on first device
+		5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand		first hand sensor on first device
+		  ...
+		10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint	first fingerprint sensor on second device
+		  ...
+		20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint	first fingerprint sensor on third device
+		  ...
+
+ 233 char	PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
+		0 = /dev/ipath        Primary device for programs (any unit)
+		1 = /dev/ipath0       Access specifically to unit 0
+		2 = /dev/ipath1       Access specifically to unit 1
+		  ...
+		4 = /dev/ipath3       Access specifically to unit 3
+		129 = /dev/ipath_sma    Device used by Subnet Management Agent
+		130 = /dev/ipath_diag   Device used by diagnostics programs
+
+ 234-254	char	RESERVED FOR DYNAMIC ASSIGNMENT
+		Character devices that request a dynamic allocation of major number will
+		take numbers starting from 254 and downward.
+
+ 240-254 block	LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+		Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
+		assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
+		used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
+
+ 255 char	RESERVED
+
+ 255 block	RESERVED
+
+		This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
+		larger number space.  No device nodes with this major
+		should ever be created on the filesystem.
+		(This is probably not true anymore, but I'll leave it
+		for now /Torben)
+
+ ---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
+
+ 256 char	Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
+		   0 = /dev/ttyEQ0	First serial port on first Equinox SST board
+		 127 = /dev/ttyEQ127	Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
+		 128 = /dev/ttyEQ128	First serial port on second Equinox SST board
+		  ...
+		1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027	Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
+
+ 256 block	Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
+		  0 = /dev/rfda		First RFD FTL layer
+		 16 = /dev/rfdb		Second RFD FTL layer
+		  ...
+		240 = /dev/rfdp		16th RFD FTL layer
+
+ 257 char	Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
+		  0 = /dev/ptlsec	Crypto Services Driver
+
+ 257 block	SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem
+		  0 = /dev/ssfdca	First SSFDC layer
+		  8 = /dev/ssfdcb	Second SSFDC layer
+		 16 = /dev/ssfdcc	Third SSFDC layer
+		 24 = /dev/ssfdcd	4th SSFDC layer
+		 32 = /dev/ssfdce	5th SSFDC layer
+		 40 = /dev/ssfdcf	6th SSFDC layer
+		 48 = /dev/ssfdcg	7th SSFDC layer
+		 56 = /dev/ssfdch	8th SSFDC layer
+
+ 258 block	ROM/Flash read-only translation layer
+		  0 = /dev/blockrom0	First ROM card's translation layer interface
+		  1 = /dev/blockrom1	Second ROM card's translation layer interface
+		  ...
+
+ 259 block	Block Extended Major
+		  Used dynamically to hold additional partition minor
+		  numbers and allow large numbers of partitions per device
+
+ 259 char	FPGA configuration interfaces
+		  0 = /dev/icap0	First Xilinx internal configuration
+		  1 = /dev/icap1	Second Xilinx internal configuration
+
+ 260 char	OSD (Object-based-device) SCSI Device
+		  0 = /dev/osd0		First OSD Device
+		  1 = /dev/osd1		Second OSD Device
+		  ...
+		  255 = /dev/osd255	256th OSD Device

Documentation/admin-guide/java.rst

@@ -66,7 +66,9 @@ other program after you have done the following:
    Both the javawrapper shellscript and the javaclassname program
    were supplied by Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>.
 
-Javawrapper shell script::
+Javawrapper shell script:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
 
   #!/bin/bash
   # /usr/local/bin/javawrapper - the wrapper for binfmt_misc/java
@@ -155,29 +157,31 @@ Javawrapper shell script::
   shift
   /usr/bin/java $FQCLASS "$@"
 
-javaclassname.c::
+javaclassname.c:
+
+.. code-block:: c
 
   /* javaclassname.c
- *
- * Extracts the class name from a Java class file; intended for use in a Java
- * wrapper of the type supported by the binfmt_misc option in the Linux kernel.
- *
- * Copyright (C) 1999 Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
- */
+   *
+   * Extracts the class name from a Java class file; intended for use in a Java
+   * wrapper of the type supported by the binfmt_misc option in the Linux kernel.
+   *
+   * Copyright (C) 1999 Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>.
+   *
+   * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+   * (at your option) any later version.
+   *
+   * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   * GNU General Public License for more details.
+   *
+   * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+   * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+   */
 
   #include <stdlib.h>
   #include <stdio.h>
@@ -378,7 +382,9 @@ added to your CLASSPATH during execution.
 
 
 To test your new setup, enter in the following simple Java app, and name
-it "HelloWorld.java"::
+it "HelloWorld.java":
+
+.. code-block:: java
 
 	class HelloWorld {
 		public static void main(String args[]) {

Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst

@@ -198,4378 +198,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
 Finally, the [KMG] suffix is commonly described after a number of kernel
 parameter values. These 'K', 'M', and 'G' letters represent the _binary_
 multipliers 'Kilo', 'Mega', and 'Giga', equalling 2^10, 2^20, and 2^30
-bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted::
+bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted:
 
-
-	acpi=		[HW,ACPI,X86,ARM64]
-			Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
-			Format: { force | on | off | strict | noirq | rsdt |
-				  copy_dsdt }
-			force -- enable ACPI if default was off
-			on -- enable ACPI but allow fallback to DT [arm64]
-			off -- disable ACPI if default was on
-			noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
-			strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
-				strictly ACPI specification compliant.
-			rsdt -- prefer RSDT over (default) XSDT
-			copy_dsdt -- copy DSDT to memory
-			For ARM64, ONLY "acpi=off", "acpi=on" or "acpi=force"
-			are available
-
-			See also Documentation/power/runtime_pm.txt, pci=noacpi
-
-	acpi_apic_instance=	[ACPI, IOAPIC]
-			Format: <int>
-			2: use 2nd APIC table, if available
-			1,0: use 1st APIC table
-			default: 0
-
-	acpi_backlight=	[HW,ACPI]
-			acpi_backlight=vendor
-			acpi_backlight=video
-			If set to vendor, prefer vendor specific driver
-			(e.g. thinkpad_acpi, sony_acpi, etc.) instead
-			of the ACPI video.ko driver.
-
-	acpi_force_32bit_fadt_addr
-			force FADT to use 32 bit addresses rather than the
-			64 bit X_* addresses. Some firmware have broken 64
-			bit addresses for force ACPI ignore these and use
-			the older legacy 32 bit addresses.
-
-	acpica_no_return_repair [HW, ACPI]
-			Disable AML predefined validation mechanism
-			This mechanism can repair the evaluation result to make
-			the return objects more ACPI specification compliant.
-			This option is useful for developers to identify the
-			root cause of an AML interpreter issue when the issue
-			has something to do with the repair mechanism.
-
-	acpi.debug_layer=	[HW,ACPI,ACPI_DEBUG]
-	acpi.debug_level=	[HW,ACPI,ACPI_DEBUG]
-			Format: <int>
-			CONFIG_ACPI_DEBUG must be enabled to produce any ACPI
-			debug output.  Bits in debug_layer correspond to a
-			_COMPONENT in an ACPI source file, e.g.,
-			    #define _COMPONENT ACPI_PCI_COMPONENT
-			Bits in debug_level correspond to a level in
-			ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT statements, e.g.,
-			    ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_INFO, ...
-			The debug_level mask defaults to "info".  See
-			Documentation/acpi/debug.txt for more information about
-			debug layers and levels.
-
-			Enable processor driver info messages:
-			    acpi.debug_layer=0x20000000
-			Enable PCI/PCI interrupt routing info messages:
-			    acpi.debug_layer=0x400000
-			Enable AML "Debug" output, i.e., stores to the Debug
-			object while interpreting AML:
-			    acpi.debug_layer=0xffffffff acpi.debug_level=0x2
-			Enable all messages related to ACPI hardware:
-			    acpi.debug_layer=0x2 acpi.debug_level=0xffffffff
-
-			Some values produce so much output that the system is
-			unusable.  The "log_buf_len" parameter may be useful
-			if you need to capture more output.
-
-	acpi_enforce_resources=	[ACPI]
-			{ strict | lax | no }
-			Check for resource conflicts between native drivers
-			and ACPI OperationRegions (SystemIO and SystemMemory
-			only). IO ports and memory declared in ACPI might be
-			used by the ACPI subsystem in arbitrary AML code and
-			can interfere with legacy drivers.
-			strict (default): access to resources claimed by ACPI
-			is denied; legacy drivers trying to access reserved
-			resources will fail to bind to device using them.
-			lax: access to resources claimed by ACPI is allowed;
-			legacy drivers trying to access reserved resources
-			will bind successfully but a warning message is logged.
-			no: ACPI OperationRegions are not marked as reserved,
-			no further checks are performed.
-
-	acpi_force_table_verification	[HW,ACPI]
-			Enable table checksum verification during early stage.
-			By default, this is disabled due to x86 early mapping
-			size limitation.
-
-	acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI]
-			ACPI will balance active IRQs
-			default in APIC mode
-
-	acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI]
-			ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
-			default in PIC mode
-
-	acpi_irq_isa=	[HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, mark listed IRQs used by ISA
-			Format: <irq>,<irq>...
-
-	acpi_irq_pci=	[HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, clear listed IRQs for
-			use by PCI
-			Format: <irq>,<irq>...
-
-	acpi_no_auto_serialize	[HW,ACPI]
-			Disable auto-serialization of AML methods
-			AML control methods that contain the opcodes to create
-			named objects will be marked as "Serialized" by the
-			auto-serialization feature.
-			This feature is enabled by default.
-			This option allows to turn off the feature.
-
-	acpi_no_memhotplug [ACPI] Disable memory hotplug.  Useful for kdump
-			   kernels.
-
-	acpi_no_static_ssdt	[HW,ACPI]
-			Disable installation of static SSDTs at early boot time
-			By default, SSDTs contained in the RSDT/XSDT will be
-			installed automatically and they will appear under
-			/sys/firmware/acpi/tables.
-			This option turns off this feature.
-			Note that specifying this option does not affect
-			dynamic table installation which will install SSDT
-			tables to /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/dynamic.
-
-	acpi_rsdp=	[ACPI,EFI,KEXEC]
-			Pass the RSDP address to the kernel, mostly used
-			on machines running EFI runtime service to boot the
-			second kernel for kdump.
-
-	acpi_os_name=	[HW,ACPI] Tell ACPI BIOS the name of the OS
-			Format: To spoof as Windows 98: ="Microsoft Windows"
-
-	acpi_rev_override [ACPI] Override the _REV object to return 5 (instead
-			of 2 which is mandated by ACPI 6) as the supported ACPI
-			specification revision (when using this switch, it may
-			be necessary to carry out a cold reboot _twice_ in a
-			row to make it take effect on the platform firmware).
-
-	acpi_osi=	[HW,ACPI] Modify list of supported OS interface strings
-			acpi_osi="string1"	# add string1
-			acpi_osi="!string2"	# remove string2
-			acpi_osi=!*		# remove all strings
-			acpi_osi=!		# disable all built-in OS vendor
-						  strings
-			acpi_osi=!!		# enable all built-in OS vendor
-						  strings
-			acpi_osi=		# disable all strings
-
-			'acpi_osi=!' can be used in combination with single or
-			multiple 'acpi_osi="string1"' to support specific OS
-			vendor string(s).  Note that such command can only
-			affect the default state of the OS vendor strings, thus
-			it cannot affect the default state of the feature group
-			strings and the current state of the OS vendor strings,
-			specifying it multiple times through kernel command line
-			is meaningless.  This command is useful when one do not
-			care about the state of the feature group strings which
-			should be controlled by the OSPM.
-			Examples:
-			  1. 'acpi_osi=! acpi_osi="Windows 2000"' is equivalent
-			     to 'acpi_osi="Windows 2000" acpi_osi=!', they all
-			     can make '_OSI("Windows 2000")' TRUE.
-
-			'acpi_osi=' cannot be used in combination with other
-			'acpi_osi=' command lines, the _OSI method will not
-			exist in the ACPI namespace.  NOTE that such command can
-			only affect the _OSI support state, thus specifying it
-			multiple times through kernel command line is also
-			meaningless.
-			Examples:
-			  1. 'acpi_osi=' can make 'CondRefOf(_OSI, Local1)'
-			     FALSE.
-
-			'acpi_osi=!*' can be used in combination with single or
-			multiple 'acpi_osi="string1"' to support specific
-			string(s).  Note that such command can affect the
-			current state of both the OS vendor strings and the
-			feature group strings, thus specifying it multiple times
-			through kernel command line is meaningful.  But it may
-			still not able to affect the final state of a string if
-			there are quirks related to this string.  This command
-			is useful when one want to control the state of the
-			feature group strings to debug BIOS issues related to
-			the OSPM features.
-			Examples:
-			  1. 'acpi_osi="Module Device" acpi_osi=!*' can make
-			     '_OSI("Module Device")' FALSE.
-			  2. 'acpi_osi=!* acpi_osi="Module Device"' can make
-			     '_OSI("Module Device")' TRUE.
-			  3. 'acpi_osi=! acpi_osi=!* acpi_osi="Windows 2000"' is
-			     equivalent to
-			     'acpi_osi=!* acpi_osi=! acpi_osi="Windows 2000"'
-			     and
-			     'acpi_osi=!* acpi_osi="Windows 2000" acpi_osi=!',
-			     they all will make '_OSI("Windows 2000")' TRUE.
-
-	acpi_pm_good	[X86]
-			Override the pmtimer bug detection: force the kernel
-			to assume that this machine's pmtimer latches its value
-			and always returns good values.
-
-	acpi_sci=	[HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
-			Format: { level | edge | high | low }
-
-	acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
-			Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
-			For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
-
-	acpi_sleep=	[HW,ACPI] Sleep options
-			Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode, s3_beep, s4_nohwsig,
-				  old_ordering, nonvs, sci_force_enable }
-			See Documentation/power/video.txt for information on
-			s3_bios and s3_mode.
-			s3_beep is for debugging; it makes the PC's speaker beep
-			as soon as the kernel's real-mode entry point is called.
-			s4_nohwsig prevents ACPI hardware signature from being
-			used during resume from hibernation.
-			old_ordering causes the ACPI 1.0 ordering of the _PTS
-			control method, with respect to putting devices into
-			low power states, to be enforced (the ACPI 2.0 ordering
-			of _PTS is used by default).
-			nonvs prevents the kernel from saving/restoring the
-			ACPI NVS memory during suspend/hibernation and resume.
-			sci_force_enable causes the kernel to set SCI_EN directly
-			on resume from S1/S3 (which is against the ACPI spec,
-			but some broken systems don't work without it).
-
-	acpi_use_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
-			Use timer override. For some broken Nvidia NF5 boards
-			that require a timer override, but don't have HPET
-
-	add_efi_memmap	[EFI; X86] Include EFI memory map in
-			kernel's map of available physical RAM.
-
-	agp=		[AGP]
-			{ off | try_unsupported }
-			off: disable AGP support
-			try_unsupported: try to drive unsupported chipsets
-				(may crash computer or cause data corruption)
-
-	ALSA		[HW,ALSA]
-			See Documentation/sound/alsa/alsa-parameters.txt
-
-	alignment=	[KNL,ARM]
-			Allow the default userspace alignment fault handler
-			behaviour to be specified.  Bit 0 enables warnings,
-			bit 1 enables fixups, and bit 2 sends a segfault.
-
-	align_va_addr=	[X86-64]
-			Align virtual addresses by clearing slice [14:12] when
-			allocating a VMA at process creation time. This option
-			gives you up to 3% performance improvement on AMD F15h
-			machines (where it is enabled by default) for a
-			CPU-intensive style benchmark, and it can vary highly in
-			a microbenchmark depending on workload and compiler.
-
-			32: only for 32-bit processes
-			64: only for 64-bit processes
-			on: enable for both 32- and 64-bit processes
-			off: disable for both 32- and 64-bit processes
-
-	alloc_snapshot	[FTRACE]
-			Allocate the ftrace snapshot buffer on boot up when the
-			main buffer is allocated. This is handy if debugging
-			and you need to use tracing_snapshot() on boot up, and
-			do not want to use tracing_snapshot_alloc() as it needs
-			to be done where GFP_KERNEL allocations are allowed.
-
-	amd_iommu=	[HW,X86-64]
-			Pass parameters to the AMD IOMMU driver in the system.
-			Possible values are:
-			fullflush - enable flushing of IO/TLB entries when
-				    they are unmapped. Otherwise they are
-				    flushed before they will be reused, which
-				    is a lot of faster
-			off	  - do not initialize any AMD IOMMU found in
-				    the system
-			force_isolation - Force device isolation for all
-					  devices. The IOMMU driver is not
-					  allowed anymore to lift isolation
-					  requirements as needed. This option
-					  does not override iommu=pt
-
-	amd_iommu_dump=	[HW,X86-64]
-			Enable AMD IOMMU driver option to dump the ACPI table
-			for AMD IOMMU. With this option enabled, AMD IOMMU
-			driver will print ACPI tables for AMD IOMMU during
-			IOMMU initialization.
-
-	amd_iommu_intr=	[HW,X86-64]
-			Specifies one of the following AMD IOMMU interrupt
-			remapping modes:
-			legacy     - Use legacy interrupt remapping mode.
-			vapic      - Use virtual APIC mode, which allows IOMMU
-			             to inject interrupts directly into guest.
-			             This mode requires kvm-amd.avic=1.
-			             (Default when IOMMU HW support is present.)
-
-	amijoy.map=	[HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
-			Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
-			Format: <a>,<b>
-			See also Documentation/input/joystick.txt
-
-	analog.map=	[HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
-			Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
-			connected to one of 16 gameports
-			Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
-
-	apc=		[HW,SPARC]
-			Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
-			Format: noidle
-			Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
-			not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
-			APC and your system crashes randomly.
-
-	apic=		[APIC,X86-32] Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
-			Change the output verbosity whilst booting
-			Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug }
-			Change the amount of debugging information output
-			when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components.
-
-	apic_extnmi=	[APIC,X86] External NMI delivery setting
-			Format: { bsp (default) | all | none }
-			bsp:  External NMI is delivered only to CPU 0
-			all:  External NMIs are broadcast to all CPUs as a
-			      backup of CPU 0
-			none: External NMI is masked for all CPUs. This is
-			      useful so that a dump capture kernel won't be
-			      shot down by NMI
-
-	autoconf=	[IPV6]
-			See Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt.
-
-	show_lapic=	[APIC,X86] Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
-			Limit apic dumping. The parameter defines the maximal
-			number of local apics being dumped. Also it is possible
-			to set it to "all" by meaning -- no limit here.
-			Format: { 1 (default) | 2 | ... | all }.
-			The parameter valid if only apic=debug or
-			apic=verbose is specified.
-			Example: apic=debug show_lapic=all
-
-	apm=		[APM] Advanced Power Management
-			See header of arch/x86/kernel/apm_32.c.
-
-	arcrimi=	[HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
-			Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
-
-	ataflop=	[HW,M68k]
-
-	atarimouse=	[HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
-
-	atkbd.extra=	[HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess,
-			EzKey and similar keyboards
-
-	atkbd.reset=	[HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
-
-	atkbd.set=	[HW] Select keyboard code set
-			Format: <int> (2 = AT (default), 3 = PS/2)
-
-	atkbd.scroll=	[HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar
-			keyboards
-
-	atkbd.softraw=	[HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode
-			Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default))
-
-	atkbd.softrepeat= [HW]
-			Use software keyboard repeat
-
-	audit=		[KNL] Enable the audit sub-system
-			Format: { "0" | "1" } (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled)
-			0 - kernel audit is disabled and can not be enabled
-			    until the next reboot
-			unset - kernel audit is initialized but disabled and
-			    will be fully enabled by the userspace auditd.
-			1 - kernel audit is initialized and partially enabled,
-			    storing at most audit_backlog_limit messages in
-			    RAM until it is fully enabled by the userspace
-			    auditd.
-			Default: unset
-
-	audit_backlog_limit= [KNL] Set the audit queue size limit.
-			Format: <int> (must be >=0)
-			Default: 64
-
-	bau=		[X86_UV] Enable the BAU on SGI UV.  The default
-			behavior is to disable the BAU (i.e. bau=0).
-			Format: { "0" | "1" }
-			0 - Disable the BAU.
-			1 - Enable the BAU.
-			unset - Disable the BAU.
-
-	baycom_epp=	[HW,AX25]
-			Format: <io>,<mode>
-
-	baycom_par=	[HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
-			Format: <io>,<mode>
-			See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
-
-	baycom_ser_fdx=	[HW,AX25]
-			BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
-			Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
-			See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
-
-	baycom_ser_hdx=	[HW,AX25]
-			BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
-			Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
-			See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
-
-	blkdevparts=	Manual partition parsing of block device(s) for
-			embedded devices based on command line input.
-			See Documentation/block/cmdline-partition.txt
-
-	boot_delay=	Milliseconds to delay each printk during boot.
-			Values larger than 10 seconds (10000) are changed to
-			no delay (0).
-			Format: integer
-
-	bootmem_debug	[KNL] Enable bootmem allocator debug messages.
-
-	bert_disable	[ACPI]
-			Disable BERT OS support on buggy BIOSes.
-
-	bttv.card=	[HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
-	bttv.radio=	Most important insmod options are available as
-			kernel args too.
-	bttv.pll=	See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
-	bttv.tuner=
-
-	bulk_remove=off	[PPC]  This parameter disables the use of the pSeries
-			firmware feature for flushing multiple hpte entries
-			at a time.
-
-	c101=		[NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
-
-	cachesize=	[BUGS=X86-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
-			Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
-			size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
-			to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
-			possible to determine what the correct size should be.
-			This option provides an override for these situations.
-
-	ca_keys=	[KEYS] This parameter identifies a specific key(s) on
-			the system trusted keyring to be used for certificate
-			trust validation.
-			format: { id:<keyid> | builtin }
-
-	cca=		[MIPS] Override the kernel pages' cache coherency
-			algorithm.  Accepted values range from 0 to 7
-			inclusive. See arch/mips/include/asm/pgtable-bits.h
-			for platform specific values (SB1, Loongson3 and
-			others).
-
-	ccw_timeout_log [S390]
-			See Documentation/s390/CommonIO for details.
-
-	cgroup_disable= [KNL] Disable a particular controller
-			Format: {name of the controller(s) to disable}
-			The effects of cgroup_disable=foo are:
-			- foo isn't auto-mounted if you mount all cgroups in
-			  a single hierarchy
-			- foo isn't visible as an individually mountable
-			  subsystem
-			{Currently only "memory" controller deal with this and
-			cut the overhead, others just disable the usage. So
-			only cgroup_disable=memory is actually worthy}
-
-	cgroup_no_v1=	[KNL] Disable one, multiple, all cgroup controllers in v1
-			Format: { controller[,controller...] | "all" }
-			Like cgroup_disable, but only applies to cgroup v1;
-			the blacklisted controllers remain available in cgroup2.
-
-	cgroup.memory=	[KNL] Pass options to the cgroup memory controller.
-			Format: <string>
-			nosocket -- Disable socket memory accounting.
-			nokmem -- Disable kernel memory accounting.
-
-	checkreqprot	[SELINUX] Set initial checkreqprot flag value.
-			Format: { "0" | "1" }
-			See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
-			0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes
-				any implied execute protection).
-			1 -- check protection requested by application.
-			Default value is set via a kernel config option.
-			Value can be changed at runtime via
-				/selinux/checkreqprot.
-
-	cio_ignore=	[S390]
-			See Documentation/s390/CommonIO for details.
-	clk_ignore_unused
-			[CLK]
-			Prevents the clock framework from automatically gating
-			clocks that have not been explicitly enabled by a Linux
-			device driver but are enabled in hardware at reset or
-			by the bootloader/firmware. Note that this does not
-			force such clocks to be always-on nor does it reserve
-			those clocks in any way. This parameter is useful for
-			debug and development, but should not be needed on a
-			platform with proper driver support.  For more
-			information, see Documentation/clk.txt.
-
-	clock=		[BUGS=X86-32, HW] gettimeofday clocksource override.
-			[Deprecated]
-			Forces specified clocksource (if available) to be used
-			when calculating gettimeofday(). If specified
-			clocksource is not available, it defaults to PIT.
-			Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
-
-	clocksource=	Override the default clocksource
-			Format: <string>
-			Override the default clocksource and use the clocksource
-			with the name specified.
-			Some clocksource names to choose from, depending on
-			the platform:
-			[all] jiffies (this is the base, fallback clocksource)
-			[ACPI] acpi_pm
-			[ARM] imx_timer1,OSTS,netx_timer,mpu_timer2,
-				pxa_timer,timer3,32k_counter,timer0_1
-			[AVR32] avr32
-			[X86-32] pit,hpet,tsc;
-				scx200_hrt on Geode; cyclone on IBM x440
-			[MIPS] MIPS
-			[PARISC] cr16
-			[S390] tod
-			[SH] SuperH
-			[SPARC64] tick
-			[X86-64] hpet,tsc
-
-	clocksource.arm_arch_timer.evtstrm=
-			[ARM,ARM64]
-			Format: <bool>
-			Enable/disable the eventstream feature of the ARM
-			architected timer so that code using WFE-based polling
-			loops can be debugged more effectively on production
-			systems.
-
-	clocksource.arm_arch_timer.fsl-a008585=
-			[ARM64]
-			Format: <bool>
-			Enable/disable the workaround of Freescale/NXP
-			erratum A-008585.  This can be useful for KVM
-			guests, if the guest device tree doesn't show the
-			erratum.  If unspecified, the workaround is
-			enabled based on the device tree.
-
-	clearcpuid=BITNUM [X86]
-			Disable CPUID feature X for the kernel. See
-			arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h for the valid bit
-			numbers. Note the Linux specific bits are not necessarily
-			stable over kernel options, but the vendor specific
-			ones should be.
-			Also note that user programs calling CPUID directly
-			or using the feature without checking anything
-			will still see it. This just prevents it from
-			being used by the kernel or shown in /proc/cpuinfo.
-			Also note the kernel might malfunction if you disable
-			some critical bits.
-
-	cma=nn[MG]@[start[MG][-end[MG]]]
-			[ARM,X86,KNL]
-			Sets the size of kernel global memory area for
-			contiguous memory allocations and optionally the
-			placement constraint by the physical address range of
-			memory allocations. A value of 0 disables CMA
-			altogether. For more information, see
-			include/linux/dma-contiguous.h
-
-	cmo_free_hint=	[PPC] Format: { yes | no }
-			Specify whether pages are marked as being inactive
-			when they are freed.  This is used in CMO environments
-			to determine OS memory pressure for page stealing by
-			a hypervisor.
-			Default: yes
-
-	coherent_pool=nn[KMG]	[ARM,KNL]
-			Sets the size of memory pool for coherent, atomic dma
-			allocations, by default set to 256K.
-
-	code_bytes	[X86] How many bytes of object code to print
-			in an oops report.
-			Range: 0 - 8192
-			Default: 64
-
-	com20020=	[HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
-			Format:
-			<io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
-
-	com90io=	[HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
-			Format: <io>[,<irq>]
-
-	com90xx=	[HW,NET]
-			ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
-			Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
-
-	condev=		[HW,S390] console device
-	conmode=
-
-	console=	[KNL] Output console device and options.
-
-		tty<n>	Use the virtual console device <n>.
-
-		ttyS<n>[,options]
-		ttyUSB0[,options]
-			Use the specified serial port.  The options are of
-			the form "bbbbpnf", where "bbbb" is the baud rate,
-			"p" is parity ("n", "o", or "e"), "n" is number of
-			bits, and "f" is flow control ("r" for RTS or
-			omit it).  Default is "9600n8".
-
-			See Documentation/admin-guide/serial-console.rst for more
-			information.  See
-			Documentation/networking/netconsole.txt for an
-			alternative.
-
-		uart[8250],io,<addr>[,options]
-		uart[8250],mmio,<addr>[,options]
-		uart[8250],mmio16,<addr>[,options]
-		uart[8250],mmio32,<addr>[,options]
-		uart[8250],0x<addr>[,options]
-			Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
-			UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address,
-			switching to the matching ttyS device later.
-			MMIO inter-register address stride is either 8-bit
-			(mmio), 16-bit (mmio16), or 32-bit (mmio32).
-			If none of [io|mmio|mmio16|mmio32], <addr> is assumed
-			to be equivalent to 'mmio'. 'options' are specified in
-			the same format described for ttyS above; if unspecified,
-			the h/w is not re-initialized.
-
-		hvc<n>	Use the hypervisor console device <n>. This is for
-			both Xen and PowerPC hypervisors.
-
-                If the device connected to the port is not a TTY but a braille
-                device, prepend "brl," before the device type, for instance
-			console=brl,ttyS0
-		For now, only VisioBraille is supported.
-
-	consoleblank=	[KNL] The console blank (screen saver) timeout in
-			seconds. Defaults to 10*60 = 10mins. A value of 0
-			disables the blank timer.
-
-	coredump_filter=
-			[KNL] Change the default value for
-			/proc/<pid>/coredump_filter.
-			See also Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt.
-
-	cpuidle.off=1	[CPU_IDLE]
-			disable the cpuidle sub-system
-
-	cpu_init_udelay=N
-			[X86] Delay for N microsec between assert and de-assert
-			of APIC INIT to start processors.  This delay occurs
-			on every CPU online, such as boot, and resume from suspend.
-			Default: 10000
-
-	cpcihp_generic=	[HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
-			Format:
-			<first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
-
-	crashkernel=size[KMG][@offset[KMG]]
-			[KNL] Using kexec, Linux can switch to a 'crash kernel'
-			upon panic. This parameter reserves the physical
-			memory region [offset, offset + size] for that kernel
-			image. If '@offset' is omitted, then a suitable offset
-			is selected automatically. Check
-			Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for further details.
-
-	crashkernel=range1:size1[,range2:size2,...][@offset]
-			[KNL] Same as above, but depends on the memory
-			in the running system. The syntax of range is
-			start-[end] where start and end are both
-			a memory unit (amount[KMG]). See also
-			Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for an example.
-
-	crashkernel=size[KMG],high
-			[KNL, x86_64] range could be above 4G. Allow kernel
-			to allocate physical memory region from top, so could
-			be above 4G if system have more than 4G ram installed.
-			Otherwise memory region will be allocated below 4G, if
-			available.
-			It will be ignored if crashkernel=X is specified.
-	crashkernel=size[KMG],low
-			[KNL, x86_64] range under 4G. When crashkernel=X,high
-			is passed, kernel could allocate physical memory region
-			above 4G, that cause second kernel crash on system
-			that require some amount of low memory, e.g. swiotlb
-			requires at least 64M+32K low memory, also enough extra
-			low memory is needed to make sure DMA buffers for 32-bit
-			devices won't run out. Kernel would try to allocate at
-			at least 256M below 4G automatically.
-			This one let user to specify own low range under 4G
-			for second kernel instead.
-			0: to disable low allocation.
-			It will be ignored when crashkernel=X,high is not used
-			or memory reserved is below 4G.
-
-	cryptomgr.notests
-                        [KNL] Disable crypto self-tests
-
-	cs89x0_dma=	[HW,NET]
-			Format: <dma>
-
-	cs89x0_media=	[HW,NET]
-			Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
-
-	dasd=		[HW,NET]
-			See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
-
-	db9.dev[2|3]=	[HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
-			(one device per port)
-			Format: <port#>,<type>
-			See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
-
-	ddebug_query=   [KNL,DYNAMIC_DEBUG] Enable debug messages at early boot
-			time. See Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt for
-			details.  Deprecated, see dyndbg.
-
-	debug		[KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
-
-	debug_locks_verbose=
-			[KNL] verbose self-tests
-			Format=<0|1>
-			Print debugging info while doing the locking API
-			self-tests.
-			We default to 0 (no extra messages), setting it to
-			1 will print _a lot_ more information - normally
-			only useful to kernel developers.
-
-	debug_objects	[KNL] Enable object debugging
-
-	no_debug_objects
-			[KNL] Disable object debugging
-
-	debug_guardpage_minorder=
-			[KNL] When CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is set, this
-			parameter allows control of the order of pages that will
-			be intentionally kept free (and hence protected) by the
-			buddy allocator. Bigger value increase the probability
-			of catching random memory corruption, but reduce the
-			amount of memory for normal system use. The maximum
-			possible value is MAX_ORDER/2.  Setting this parameter
-			to 1 or 2 should be enough to identify most random
-			memory corruption problems caused by bugs in kernel or
-			driver code when a CPU writes to (or reads from) a
-			random memory location. Note that there exists a class
-			of memory corruptions problems caused by buggy H/W or
-			F/W or by drivers badly programing DMA (basically when
-			memory is written at bus level and the CPU MMU is
-			bypassed) which are not detectable by
-			CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, hence this option will not help
-			tracking down these problems.
-
-	debug_pagealloc=
-			[KNL] When CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is set, this
-			parameter enables the feature at boot time. In
-			default, it is disabled. We can avoid allocating huge
-			chunk of memory for debug pagealloc if we don't enable
-			it at boot time and the system will work mostly same
-			with the kernel built without CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC.
-			on: enable the feature
-
-	debugpat	[X86] Enable PAT debugging
-
-	decnet.addr=	[HW,NET]
-			Format: <area>[,<node>]
-			See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
-
-	default_hugepagesz=
-			[same as hugepagesz=] The size of the default
-			HugeTLB page size. This is the size represented by
-			the legacy /proc/ hugepages APIs, used for SHM, and
-			default size when mounting hugetlbfs filesystems.
-			Defaults to the default architecture's huge page size
-			if not specified.
-
-	dhash_entries=	[KNL]
-			Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
-
-	disable_1tb_segments [PPC]
-			Disables the use of 1TB hash page table segments. This
-			causes the kernel to fall back to 256MB segments which
-			can be useful when debugging issues that require an SLB
-			miss to occur.
-
-	disable=	[IPV6]
-			See Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt.
-
-	disable_radix	[PPC]
-			Disable RADIX MMU mode on POWER9
-
-	disable_cpu_apicid= [X86,APIC,SMP]
-			Format: <int>
-			The number of initial APIC ID for the
-			corresponding CPU to be disabled at boot,
-			mostly used for the kdump 2nd kernel to
-			disable BSP to wake up multiple CPUs without
-			causing system reset or hang due to sending
-			INIT from AP to BSP.
-
-	disable_ddw     [PPC/PSERIES]
-			Disable Dynamic DMA Window support. Use this if
-			to workaround buggy firmware.
-
-	disable_ipv6=	[IPV6]
-			See Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt.
-
-	disable_mtrr_cleanup [X86]
-			The kernel tries to adjust MTRR layout from continuous
-			to discrete, to make X server driver able to add WB
-			entry later. This parameter disables that.
-
-	disable_mtrr_trim [X86, Intel and AMD only]
-			By default the kernel will trim any uncacheable
-			memory out of your available memory pool based on
-			MTRR settings.  This parameter disables that behavior,
-			possibly causing your machine to run very slowly.
-
-	disable_timer_pin_1 [X86]
-			Disable PIN 1 of APIC timer
-			Can be useful to work around chipset bugs.
-
-	dis_ucode_ldr	[X86] Disable the microcode loader.
-
-	dma_debug=off	If the kernel is compiled with DMA_API_DEBUG support,
-			this option disables the debugging code at boot.
-
-	dma_debug_entries=<number>
-			This option allows to tune the number of preallocated
-			entries for DMA-API debugging code. One entry is
-			required per DMA-API allocation. Use this if the
-			DMA-API debugging code disables itself because the
-			architectural default is too low.
-
-	dma_debug_driver=<driver_name>
-			With this option the DMA-API debugging driver
-			filter feature can be enabled at boot time. Just
-			pass the driver to filter for as the parameter.
-			The filter can be disabled or changed to another
-			driver later using sysfs.
-
-	drm_kms_helper.edid_firmware=[<connector>:]<file>[,[<connector>:]<file>]
-			Broken monitors, graphic adapters, KVMs and EDIDless
-			panels may send no or incorrect EDID data sets.
-			This parameter allows to specify an EDID data sets
-			in the /lib/firmware directory that are used instead.
-			Generic built-in EDID data sets are used, if one of
-			edid/1024x768.bin, edid/1280x1024.bin,
-			edid/1680x1050.bin, or edid/1920x1080.bin is given
-			and no file with the same name exists. Details and
-			instructions how to build your own EDID data are
-			available in Documentation/EDID/HOWTO.txt. An EDID
-			data set will only be used for a particular connector,
-			if its name and a colon are prepended to the EDID
-			name. Each connector may use a unique EDID data
-			set by separating the files with a comma.  An EDID
-			data set with no connector name will be used for
-			any connectors not explicitly specified.
-
-	dscc4.setup=	[NET]
-
-	dyndbg[="val"]		[KNL,DYNAMIC_DEBUG]
-	module.dyndbg[="val"]
-			Enable debug messages at boot time.  See
-			Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt for details.
-
-	nompx		[X86] Disables Intel Memory Protection Extensions.
-			See Documentation/x86/intel_mpx.txt for more
-			information about the feature.
-
-	nopku		[X86] Disable Memory Protection Keys CPU feature found
-			in some Intel CPUs.
-
-	eagerfpu=	[X86]
-			on	enable eager fpu restore
-			off	disable eager fpu restore
-			auto	selects the default scheme, which automatically
-				enables eagerfpu restore for xsaveopt.
-
-	module.async_probe [KNL]
-			Enable asynchronous probe on this module.
-
-	early_ioremap_debug [KNL]
-			Enable debug messages in early_ioremap support. This
-			is useful for tracking down temporary early mappings
-			which are not unmapped.
-
-	earlycon=	[KNL] Output early console device and options.
-
-			When used with no options, the early console is
-			determined by the stdout-path property in device
-			tree's chosen node.
-
-		cdns,<addr>[,options]
-			Start an early, polled-mode console on a Cadence
-			(xuartps) serial port at the specified address. Only
-			supported option is baud rate. If baud rate is not
-			specified, the serial port must already be setup and
-			configured.
-
-		uart[8250],io,<addr>[,options]
-		uart[8250],mmio,<addr>[,options]
-		uart[8250],mmio32,<addr>[,options]
-		uart[8250],mmio32be,<addr>[,options]
-		uart[8250],0x<addr>[,options]
-			Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
-			UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address.
-			MMIO inter-register address stride is either 8-bit
-			(mmio) or 32-bit (mmio32 or mmio32be).
-			If none of [io|mmio|mmio32|mmio32be], <addr> is assumed
-			to be equivalent to 'mmio'. 'options' are specified
-			in the same format described for "console=ttyS<n>"; if
-			unspecified, the h/w is not initialized.
-
-		pl011,<addr>
-		pl011,mmio32,<addr>
-			Start an early, polled-mode console on a pl011 serial
-			port at the specified address. The pl011 serial port
-			must already be setup and configured. Options are not
-			yet supported.  If 'mmio32' is specified, then only
-			the driver will use only 32-bit accessors to read/write
-			the device registers.
-
-		meson,<addr>
-			Start an early, polled-mode console on a meson serial
-			port at the specified address. The serial port must
-			already be setup and configured. Options are not yet
-			supported.
-
-		msm_serial,<addr>
-			Start an early, polled-mode console on an msm serial
-			port at the specified address. The serial port
-			must already be setup and configured. Options are not
-			yet supported.
-
-		msm_serial_dm,<addr>
-			Start an early, polled-mode console on an msm serial
-			dm port at the specified address. The serial port
-			must already be setup and configured. Options are not
-			yet supported.
-
-		smh	Use ARM semihosting calls for early console.
-
-		s3c2410,<addr>
-		s3c2412,<addr>
-		s3c2440,<addr>
-		s3c6400,<addr>
-		s5pv210,<addr>
-		exynos4210,<addr>
-			Use early console provided by serial driver available
-			on Samsung SoCs, requires selecting proper type and
-			a correct base address of the selected UART port. The
-			serial port must already be setup and configured.
-			Options are not yet supported.
-
-		lpuart,<addr>
-		lpuart32,<addr>
-			Use early console provided by Freescale LP UART driver
-			found on Freescale Vybrid and QorIQ LS1021A processors.
-			A valid base address must be provided, and the serial
-			port must already be setup and configured.
-
-		armada3700_uart,<addr>
-			Start an early, polled-mode console on the
-			Armada 3700 serial port at the specified
-			address. The serial port must already be setup
-			and configured. Options are not yet supported.
-
-	earlyprintk=	[X86,SH,BLACKFIN,ARM,M68k]
-			earlyprintk=vga
-			earlyprintk=efi
-			earlyprintk=xen
-			earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
-			earlyprintk=serial[,0x...[,baudrate]]
-			earlyprintk=ttySn[,baudrate]
-			earlyprintk=dbgp[debugController#]
-			earlyprintk=pciserial,bus:device.function[,baudrate]
-
-			earlyprintk is useful when the kernel crashes before
-			the normal console is initialized. It is not enabled by
-			default because it has some cosmetic problems.
-
-			Append ",keep" to not disable it when the real console
-			takes over.
-
-			Only one of vga, efi, serial, or usb debug port can
-			be used at a time.
-
-			Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 may be specified by
-			name.  Other I/O ports may be explicitly specified
-			on some architectures (x86 and arm at least) by
-			replacing ttySn with an I/O port address, like this:
-				earlyprintk=serial,0x1008,115200
-			You can find the port for a given device in
-			/proc/tty/driver/serial:
-				2: uart:ST16650V2 port:00001008 irq:18 ...
-
-			Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
-			very good.
-
-			The VGA and EFI output is eventually overwritten by
-			the real console.
-
-			The xen output can only be used by Xen PV guests.
-
-	edac_report=	[HW,EDAC] Control how to report EDAC event
-			Format: {"on" | "off" | "force"}
-			on: enable EDAC to report H/W event. May be overridden
-			by other higher priority error reporting module.
-			off: disable H/W event reporting through EDAC.
-			force: enforce the use of EDAC to report H/W event.
-			default: on.
-
-	ekgdboc=	[X86,KGDB] Allow early kernel console debugging
-			ekgdboc=kbd
-
-			This is designed to be used in conjunction with
-			the boot argument: earlyprintk=vga
-
-	edd=		[EDD]
-			Format: {"off" | "on" | "skip[mbr]"}
-
-	efi=		[EFI]
-			Format: { "old_map", "nochunk", "noruntime", "debug" }
-			old_map [X86-64]: switch to the old ioremap-based EFI
-			runtime services mapping. 32-bit still uses this one by
-			default.
-			nochunk: disable reading files in "chunks" in the EFI
-			boot stub, as chunking can cause problems with some
-			firmware implementations.
-			noruntime : disable EFI runtime services support
-			debug: enable misc debug output
-
-	efi_no_storage_paranoia [EFI; X86]
-			Using this parameter you can use more than 50% of
-			your efi variable storage. Use this parameter only if
-			you are really sure that your UEFI does sane gc and
-			fulfills the spec otherwise your board may brick.
-
-	efi_fake_mem=	nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]:aa[,nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]:aa,..] [EFI; X86]
-			Add arbitrary attribute to specific memory range by
-			updating original EFI memory map.
-			Region of memory which aa attribute is added to is
-			from ss to ss+nn.
-			If efi_fake_mem=2G@4G:0x10000,2G@0x10a0000000:0x10000
-			is specified, EFI_MEMORY_MORE_RELIABLE(0x10000)
-			attribute is added to range 0x100000000-0x180000000 and
-			0x10a0000000-0x1120000000.
-
-			Using this parameter you can do debugging of EFI memmap
-			related feature. For example, you can do debugging of
-			Address Range Mirroring feature even if your box
-			doesn't support it.
-
-	efivar_ssdt=	[EFI; X86] Name of an EFI variable that contains an SSDT
-			that is to be dynamically loaded by Linux. If there are
-			multiple variables with the same name but with different
-			vendor GUIDs, all of them will be loaded. See
-			Documentation/acpi/ssdt-overlays.txt for details.
-
-
-	eisa_irq_edge=	[PARISC,HW]
-			See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
-
-	elanfreq=	[X86-32]
-			See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
-			arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
-
-	elevator=	[IOSCHED]
-			Format: {"cfq" | "deadline" | "noop"}
-			See Documentation/block/cfq-iosched.txt and
-			Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details.
-
-	elfcorehdr=[size[KMG]@]offset[KMG] [IA64,PPC,SH,X86,S390]
-			Specifies physical address of start of kernel core
-			image elf header and optionally the size. Generally
-			kexec loader will pass this option to capture kernel.
-			See Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for details.
-
-	enable_mtrr_cleanup [X86]
-			The kernel tries to adjust MTRR layout from continuous
-			to discrete, to make X server driver able to add WB
-			entry later. This parameter enables that.
-
-	enable_timer_pin_1 [X86]
-			Enable PIN 1 of APIC timer
-			Can be useful to work around chipset bugs
-			(in particular on some ATI chipsets).
-			The kernel tries to set a reasonable default.
-
-	enforcing	[SELINUX] Set initial enforcing status.
-			Format: {"0" | "1"}
-			See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
-			0 -- permissive (log only, no denials).
-			1 -- enforcing (deny and log).
-			Default value is 0.
-			Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/enforce.
-
-	erst_disable	[ACPI]
-			Disable Error Record Serialization Table (ERST)
-			support.
-
-	ether=		[HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
-			This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
-			has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
-
-	evm=		[EVM]
-			Format: { "fix" }
-			Permit 'security.evm' to be updated regardless of
-			current integrity status.
-
-	failslab=
-	fail_page_alloc=
-	fail_make_request=[KNL]
-			General fault injection mechanism.
-			Format: <interval>,<probability>,<space>,<times>
-			See also Documentation/fault-injection/.
-
-	floppy=		[HW]
-			See Documentation/blockdev/floppy.txt.
-
-	force_pal_cache_flush
-			[IA-64] Avoid check_sal_cache_flush which may hang on
-			buggy SAL_CACHE_FLUSH implementations. Using this
-			parameter will force ia64_sal_cache_flush to call
-			ia64_pal_cache_flush instead of SAL_CACHE_FLUSH.
-
-	forcepae [X86-32]
-			Forcefully enable Physical Address Extension (PAE).
-			Many Pentium M systems disable PAE but may have a
-			functionally usable PAE implementation.
-			Warning: use of this parameter will taint the kernel
-			and may cause unknown problems.
-
-	ftrace=[tracer]
-			[FTRACE] will set and start the specified tracer
-			as early as possible in order to facilitate early
-			boot debugging.
-
-	ftrace_dump_on_oops[=orig_cpu]
-			[FTRACE] will dump the trace buffers on oops.
-			If no parameter is passed, ftrace will dump
-			buffers of all CPUs, but if you pass orig_cpu, it will
-			dump only the buffer of the CPU that triggered the
-			oops.
-
-	ftrace_filter=[function-list]
-			[FTRACE] Limit the functions traced by the function
-			tracer at boot up. function-list is a comma separated
-			list of functions. This list can be changed at run
-			time by the set_ftrace_filter file in the debugfs
-			tracing directory.
-
-	ftrace_notrace=[function-list]
-			[FTRACE] Do not trace the functions specified in
-			function-list. This list can be changed at run time
-			by the set_ftrace_notrace file in the debugfs
-			tracing directory.
-
-	ftrace_graph_filter=[function-list]
-			[FTRACE] Limit the top level callers functions traced
-			by the function graph tracer at boot up.
-			function-list is a comma separated list of functions
-			that can be changed at run time by the
-			set_graph_function file in the debugfs tracing directory.
-
-	ftrace_graph_notrace=[function-list]
-			[FTRACE] Do not trace from the functions specified in
-			function-list.  This list is a comma separated list of
-			functions that can be changed at run time by the
-			set_graph_notrace file in the debugfs tracing directory.
-
-	gamecon.map[2|3]=
-			[HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
-			support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
-			Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
-			See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
-
-	gamma=		[HW,DRM]
-
-	gart_fix_e820=  [X86_64] disable the fix e820 for K8 GART
-			Format: off | on
-			default: on
-
-	gcov_persist=	[GCOV] When non-zero (default), profiling data for
-			kernel modules is saved and remains accessible via
-			debugfs, even when the module is unloaded/reloaded.
-			When zero, profiling data is discarded and associated
-			debugfs files are removed at module unload time.
-
-	gpt		[EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
-			invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT. If the
-			primary GPT is corrupted, it enables the backup/alternate
-			GPT to be used instead.
-
-	grcan.enable0=	[HW] Configuration of physical interface 0. Determines
-			the "Enable 0" bit of the configuration register.
-			Format: 0 | 1
-			Default: 0
-	grcan.enable1=	[HW] Configuration of physical interface 1. Determines
-			the "Enable 0" bit of the configuration register.
-			Format: 0 | 1
-			Default: 0
-	grcan.select=	[HW] Select which physical interface to use.
-			Format: 0 | 1
-			Default: 0
-	grcan.txsize=	[HW] Sets the size of the tx buffer.
-			Format: <unsigned int> such that (txsize & ~0x1fffc0) == 0.
-			Default: 1024
-	grcan.rxsize=	[HW] Sets the size of the rx buffer.
-			Format: <unsigned int> such that (rxsize & ~0x1fffc0) == 0.
-			Default: 1024
-
-	gpio-mockup.gpio_mockup_ranges
-			[HW] Sets the ranges of gpiochip of for this device.
-			Format: <start1>,<end1>,<start2>,<end2>...
-
-	hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace=
-			[KNL] Should the hard-lockup detector generate
-			backtraces on all cpus.
-			Format: <integer>
-
-	hashdist=	[KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot
-			are distributed across NUMA nodes.  Defaults on
-			for 64-bit NUMA, off otherwise.
-			Format: 0 | 1 (for off | on)
-
-	hcl=		[IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
-
-	hd=		[EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
-			Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
-
-	hest_disable	[ACPI]
-			Disable Hardware Error Source Table (HEST) support;
-			corresponding firmware-first mode error processing
-			logic will be disabled.
-
-	highmem=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT] forces the highmem zone to have an exact
-			size of <nn>. This works even on boxes that have no
-			highmem otherwise. This also works to reduce highmem
-			size on bigger boxes.
-
-	highres=	[KNL] Enable/disable high resolution timer mode.
-			Valid parameters: "on", "off"
-			Default: "on"
-
-	hisax=		[HW,ISDN]
-			See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
-
-	hlt		[BUGS=ARM,SH]
-
-	hpet=		[X86-32,HPET] option to control HPET usage
-			Format: { enable (default) | disable | force |
-				verbose }
-			disable: disable HPET and use PIT instead
-			force: allow force enabled of undocumented chips (ICH4,
-				VIA, nVidia)
-			verbose: show contents of HPET registers during setup
-
-	hpet_mmap=	[X86, HPET_MMAP] Allow userspace to mmap HPET
-			registers.  Default set by CONFIG_HPET_MMAP_DEFAULT.
-
-	hugepages=	[HW,X86-32,IA-64] HugeTLB pages to allocate at boot.
-	hugepagesz=	[HW,IA-64,PPC,X86-64] The size of the HugeTLB pages.
-			On x86-64 and powerpc, this option can be specified
-			multiple times interleaved with hugepages= to reserve
-			huge pages of different sizes. Valid pages sizes on
-			x86-64 are 2M (when the CPU supports "pse") and 1G
-			(when the CPU supports the "pdpe1gb" cpuinfo flag).
-
-	hvc_iucv=	[S390] Number of z/VM IUCV hypervisor console (HVC)
-			       terminal devices. Valid values: 0..8
-	hvc_iucv_allow=	[S390] Comma-separated list of z/VM user IDs.
-			       If specified, z/VM IUCV HVC accepts connections
-			       from listed z/VM user IDs only.
-
-	hwthread_map=	[METAG] Comma-separated list of Linux cpu id to
-			        hardware thread id mappings.
-				Format: <cpu>:<hwthread>
-
-	keep_bootcon	[KNL]
-			Do not unregister boot console at start. This is only
-			useful for debugging when something happens in the window
-			between unregistering the boot console and initializing
-			the real console.
-
-	i2c_bus=	[HW] Override the default board specific I2C bus speed
-			     or register an additional I2C bus that is not
-			     registered from board initialization code.
-			     Format:
-			     <bus_id>,<clkrate>
-
-	i8042.debug	[HW] Toggle i8042 debug mode
-	i8042.unmask_kbd_data
-			[HW] Enable printing of interrupt data from the KBD port
-			     (disabled by default, and as a pre-condition
-			     requires that i8042.debug=1 be enabled)
-	i8042.direct	[HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
-	i8042.dumbkbd	[HW] Pretend that controller can only read data from
-			     keyboard and cannot control its state
-			     (Don't attempt to blink the leds)
-	i8042.noaux	[HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
-	i8042.nokbd	[HW] Don't check/create keyboard port
-	i8042.noloop	[HW] Disable the AUX Loopback command while probing
-			     for the AUX port
-	i8042.nomux	[HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
-			     controller
-	i8042.nopnp	[HW] Don't use ACPIPnP / PnPBIOS to discover KBD/AUX
-			     controllers
-	i8042.notimeout	[HW] Ignore timeout condition signalled by controller
-	i8042.reset	[HW] Reset the controller during init, cleanup and
-			     suspend-to-ram transitions, only during s2r
-			     transitions, or never reset
-			Format: { 1 | Y | y | 0 | N | n }
-			1, Y, y: always reset controller
-			0, N, n: don't ever reset controller
-			Default: only on s2r transitions on x86; most other
-			architectures force reset to be always executed
-	i8042.unlock	[HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
-	i8042.kbdreset  [HW] Reset device connected to KBD port
-
-	i810=		[HW,DRM]
-
-	i8k.ignore_dmi	[HW] Continue probing hardware even if DMI data
-			indicates that the driver is running on unsupported
-			hardware.
-	i8k.force	[HW] Activate i8k driver even if SMM BIOS signature
-			does not match list of supported models.
-	i8k.power_status
-			[HW] Report power status in /proc/i8k
-			(disabled by default)
-	i8k.restricted	[HW] Allow controlling fans only if SYS_ADMIN
-			capability is set.
-
-	i915.invert_brightness=
-			[DRM] Invert the sense of the variable that is used to
-			set the brightness of the panel backlight. Normally a
-			brightness value of 0 indicates backlight switched off,
-			and the maximum of the brightness value sets the backlight
-			to maximum brightness. If this parameter is set to 0
-			(default) and the machine requires it, or this parameter
-			is set to 1, a brightness value of 0 sets the backlight
-			to maximum brightness, and the maximum of the brightness
-			value switches the backlight off.
-			-1 -- never invert brightness
-			 0 -- machine default
-			 1 -- force brightness inversion
-
-	icn=		[HW,ISDN]
-			Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
-
-	ide-core.nodma=	[HW] (E)IDE subsystem
-			Format: =0.0 to prevent dma on hda, =0.1 hdb =1.0 hdc
-			.vlb_clock .pci_clock .noflush .nohpa .noprobe .nowerr
-			.cdrom .chs .ignore_cable are additional options
-			See Documentation/ide/ide.txt.
-
-	ide-generic.probe-mask= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
-			Format: <int>
-			Probe mask for legacy ISA IDE ports.  Depending on
-			platform up to 6 ports are supported, enabled by
-			setting corresponding bits in the mask to 1.  The
-			default value is 0x0, which has a special meaning.
-			On systems that have PCI, it triggers scanning the
-			PCI bus for the first and the second port, which
-			are then probed.  On systems without PCI the value
-			of 0x0 enables probing the two first ports as if it
-			was 0x3.
-
-	ide-pci-generic.all-generic-ide [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
-			Claim all unknown PCI IDE storage controllers.
-
-	idle=		[X86]
-			Format: idle=poll, idle=halt, idle=nomwait
-			Poll forces a polling idle loop that can slightly
-			improve the performance of waking up a idle CPU, but
-			will use a lot of power and make the system run hot.
-			Not recommended.
-			idle=halt: Halt is forced to be used for CPU idle.
-			In such case C2/C3 won't be used again.
-			idle=nomwait: Disable mwait for CPU C-states
-
-	ieee754=	[MIPS] Select IEEE Std 754 conformance mode
-			Format: { strict | legacy | 2008 | relaxed }
-			Default: strict
-
-			Choose which programs will be accepted for execution
-			based on the IEEE 754 NaN encoding(s) supported by
-			the FPU and the NaN encoding requested with the value
-			of an ELF file header flag individually set by each
-			binary.  Hardware implementations are permitted to
-			support either or both of the legacy and the 2008 NaN
-			encoding mode.
-
-			Available settings are as follows:
-			strict	accept binaries that request a NaN encoding
-				supported by the FPU
-			legacy	only accept legacy-NaN binaries, if supported
-				by the FPU
-			2008	only accept 2008-NaN binaries, if supported
-				by the FPU
-			relaxed	accept any binaries regardless of whether
-				supported by the FPU
-
-			The FPU emulator is always able to support both NaN
-			encodings, so if no FPU hardware is present or it has
-			been disabled with 'nofpu', then the settings of
-			'legacy' and '2008' strap the emulator accordingly,
-			'relaxed' straps the emulator for both legacy-NaN and
-			2008-NaN, whereas 'strict' enables legacy-NaN only on
-			legacy processors and both NaN encodings on MIPS32 or
-			MIPS64 CPUs.
-
-			The setting for ABS.fmt/NEG.fmt instruction execution
-			mode generally follows that for the NaN encoding,
-			except where unsupported by hardware.
-
-	ignore_loglevel	[KNL]
-			Ignore loglevel setting - this will print /all/
-			kernel messages to the console. Useful for debugging.
-			We also add it as printk module parameter, so users
-			could change it dynamically, usually by
-			/sys/module/printk/parameters/ignore_loglevel.
-
-	ignore_rlimit_data
-			Ignore RLIMIT_DATA setting for data mappings,
-			print warning at first misuse.  Can be changed via
-			/sys/module/kernel/parameters/ignore_rlimit_data.
-
-	ihash_entries=	[KNL]
-			Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
-
-	ima_appraise=	[IMA] appraise integrity measurements
-			Format: { "off" | "enforce" | "fix" | "log" }
-			default: "enforce"
-
-	ima_appraise_tcb [IMA]
-			The builtin appraise policy appraises all files
-			owned by uid=0.
-
-	ima_hash=	[IMA]
-			Format: { md5 | sha1 | rmd160 | sha256 | sha384
-				   | sha512 | ... }
-			default: "sha1"
-
-			The list of supported hash algorithms is defined
-			in crypto/hash_info.h.
-
-	ima_policy=	[IMA]
-			The builtin measurement policy to load during IMA
-			setup.  Specyfing "tcb" as the value, measures all
-			programs exec'd, files mmap'd for exec, and all files
-			opened with the read mode bit set by either the
-			effective uid (euid=0) or uid=0.
-			Format: "tcb"
-
-	ima_tcb		[IMA] Deprecated.  Use ima_policy= instead.
-			Load a policy which meets the needs of the Trusted
-			Computing Base.  This means IMA will measure all
-			programs exec'd, files mmap'd for exec, and all files
-			opened for read by uid=0.
-
-	ima_template=   [IMA]
-			Select one of defined IMA measurements template formats.
-			Formats: { "ima" | "ima-ng" | "ima-sig" }
-			Default: "ima-ng"
-
-	ima_template_fmt=
-	                [IMA] Define a custom template format.
-			Format: { "field1|...|fieldN" }
-
-	ima.ahash_minsize= [IMA] Minimum file size for asynchronous hash usage
-			Format: <min_file_size>
-			Set the minimal file size for using asynchronous hash.
-			If left unspecified, ahash usage is disabled.
-
-			ahash performance varies for different data sizes on
-			different crypto accelerators. This option can be used
-			to achieve the best performance for a particular HW.
-
-	ima.ahash_bufsize= [IMA] Asynchronous hash buffer size
-			Format: <bufsize>
-			Set hashing buffer size. Default: 4k.
-
-			ahash performance varies for different chunk sizes on
-			different crypto accelerators. This option can be used
-			to achieve best performance for particular HW.
-
-	init=		[KNL]
-			Format: <full_path>
-			Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
-			process.
-
-	initcall_debug	[KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed.  Useful
-			for working out where the kernel is dying during
-			startup.
-
-	initcall_blacklist=  [KNL] Do not execute a comma-separated list of
-			initcall functions.  Useful for debugging built-in
-			modules and initcalls.
-
-	initrd=		[BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
-
-	init_pkru=	[x86] Specify the default memory protection keys rights
-			register contents for all processes.  0x55555554 by
-			default (disallow access to all but pkey 0).  Can
-			override in debugfs after boot.
-
-	inport.irq=	[HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
-			Format: <irq>
-
-	int_pln_enable  [x86] Enable power limit notification interrupt
-
-	integrity_audit=[IMA]
-			Format: { "0" | "1" }
-			0 -- basic integrity auditing messages. (Default)
-			1 -- additional integrity auditing messages.
-
-	intel_iommu=	[DMAR] Intel IOMMU driver (DMAR) option
-		on
-			Enable intel iommu driver.
-		off
-			Disable intel iommu driver.
-		igfx_off [Default Off]
-			By default, gfx is mapped as normal device. If a gfx
-			device has a dedicated DMAR unit, the DMAR unit is
-			bypassed by not enabling DMAR with this option. In
-			this case, gfx device will use physical address for
-			DMA.
-		forcedac [x86_64]
-			With this option iommu will not optimize to look
-			for io virtual address below 32-bit forcing dual
-			address cycle on pci bus for cards supporting greater
-			than 32-bit addressing. The default is to look
-			for translation below 32-bit and if not available
-			then look in the higher range.
-		strict [Default Off]
-			With this option on every unmap_single operation will
-			result in a hardware IOTLB flush operation as opposed
-			to batching them for performance.
-		sp_off [Default Off]
-			By default, super page will be supported if Intel IOMMU
-			has the capability. With this option, super page will
-			not be supported.
-		ecs_off [Default Off]
-			By default, extended context tables will be supported if
-			the hardware advertises that it has support both for the
-			extended tables themselves, and also PASID support. With
-			this option set, extended tables will not be used even
-			on hardware which claims to support them.
-
-	intel_idle.max_cstate=	[KNL,HW,ACPI,X86]
-			0	disables intel_idle and fall back on acpi_idle.
-			1 to 9	specify maximum depth of C-state.
-
-	intel_pstate=  [X86]
-		       disable
-		         Do not enable intel_pstate as the default
-		         scaling driver for the supported processors
-		       force
-			 Enable intel_pstate on systems that prohibit it by default
-			 in favor of acpi-cpufreq. Forcing the intel_pstate driver
-			 instead of acpi-cpufreq may disable platform features, such
-			 as thermal controls and power capping, that rely on ACPI
-			 P-States information being indicated to OSPM and therefore
-			 should be used with caution. This option does not work with
-			 processors that aren't supported by the intel_pstate driver
-			 or on platforms that use pcc-cpufreq instead of acpi-cpufreq.
-		       no_hwp
-		         Do not enable hardware P state control (HWP)
-			 if available.
-		hwp_only
-			Only load intel_pstate on systems which support
-			hardware P state control (HWP) if available.
-		support_acpi_ppc
-			Enforce ACPI _PPC performance limits. If the Fixed ACPI
-			Description Table, specifies preferred power management
-			profile as "Enterprise Server" or "Performance Server",
-			then this feature is turned on by default.
-
-	intremap=	[X86-64, Intel-IOMMU]
-			on	enable Interrupt Remapping (default)
-			off	disable Interrupt Remapping
-			nosid	disable Source ID checking
-			no_x2apic_optout
-				BIOS x2APIC opt-out request will be ignored
-			nopost	disable Interrupt Posting
-
-	iomem=		Disable strict checking of access to MMIO memory
-		strict	regions from userspace.
-		relaxed
-
-	iommu=		[x86]
-		off
-		force
-		noforce
-		biomerge
-		panic
-		nopanic
-		merge
-		nomerge
-		forcesac
-		soft
-		pt		[x86, IA-64]
-		nobypass	[PPC/POWERNV]
-			Disable IOMMU bypass, using IOMMU for PCI devices.
-
-
-	io7=		[HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
-			See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
-			arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
-
-	io_delay=	[X86] I/O delay method
-		0x80
-			Standard port 0x80 based delay
-		0xed
-			Alternate port 0xed based delay (needed on some systems)
-		udelay
-			Simple two microseconds delay
-		none
-			No delay
-
-	ip=		[IP_PNP]
-			See Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt.
-
-	irqaffinity=	[SMP] Set the default irq affinity mask
-			The argument is a cpu list, as described above.
-
-	irqfixup	[HW]
-			When an interrupt is not handled search all handlers
-			for it. Intended to get systems with badly broken
-			firmware running.
-
-	irqpoll		[HW]
-			When an interrupt is not handled search all handlers
-			for it. Also check all handlers each timer
-			interrupt. Intended to get systems with badly broken
-			firmware running.
-
-	isapnp=		[ISAPNP]
-			Format: <RDP>,<reset>,<pci_scan>,<verbosity>
-
-	isolcpus=	[KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
-			The argument is a cpu list, as described above.
-
-			This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs
-			to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling
-			algorithms. You can move a process onto or off an
-			"isolated" CPU via the CPU affinity syscalls or cpuset.
-			<cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is
-			"number of CPUs in system - 1".
-
-			This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The
-			alternative -- manually setting the CPU mask of all
-			tasks in the system -- can cause problems and
-			suboptimal load balancer performance.
-
-	iucv=		[HW,NET]
-
-	ivrs_ioapic	[HW,X86_64]
-			Provide an override to the IOAPIC-ID<->DEVICE-ID
-			mapping provided in the IVRS ACPI table. For
-			example, to map IOAPIC-ID decimal 10 to
-			PCI device 00:14.0 write the parameter as:
-				ivrs_ioapic[10]=00:14.0
-
-	ivrs_hpet	[HW,X86_64]
-			Provide an override to the HPET-ID<->DEVICE-ID
-			mapping provided in the IVRS ACPI table. For
-			example, to map HPET-ID decimal 0 to
-			PCI device 00:14.0 write the parameter as:
-				ivrs_hpet[0]=00:14.0
-
-	ivrs_acpihid	[HW,X86_64]
-			Provide an override to the ACPI-HID:UID<->DEVICE-ID
-			mapping provided in the IVRS ACPI table. For
-			example, to map UART-HID:UID AMD0020:0 to
-			PCI device 00:14.5 write the parameter as:
-				ivrs_acpihid[00:14.5]=AMD0020:0
-
-	js=		[HW,JOY] Analog joystick
-			See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
-
-	nokaslr		[KNL]
-			When CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE is set, this disables
-			kernel and module base offset ASLR (Address Space
-			Layout Randomization).
-
-	keepinitrd	[HW,ARM]
-
-	kernelcore=	[KNL,X86,IA-64,PPC]
-			Format: nn[KMGTPE] | "mirror"
-			This parameter
-			specifies the amount of memory usable by the kernel
-			for non-movable allocations.  The requested amount is
-			spread evenly throughout all nodes in the system. The
-			remaining memory in each node is used for Movable
-			pages. In the event, a node is too small to have both
-			kernelcore and Movable pages, kernelcore pages will
-			take priority and other nodes will have a larger number
-			of Movable pages.  The Movable zone is used for the
-			allocation of pages that may be reclaimed or moved
-			by the page migration subsystem.  This means that
-			HugeTLB pages may not be allocated from this zone.
-			Note that allocations like PTEs-from-HighMem still
-			use the HighMem zone if it exists, and the Normal
-			zone if it does not.
-
-			Instead of specifying the amount of memory (nn[KMGTPE]),
-			you can specify "mirror" option. In case "mirror"
-			option is specified, mirrored (reliable) memory is used
-			for non-movable allocations and remaining memory is used
-			for Movable pages. nn[KMGTPE] and "mirror" are exclusive,
-			so you can NOT specify nn[KMGTPE] and "mirror" at the same
-			time.
-
-	kgdbdbgp=	[KGDB,HW] kgdb over EHCI usb debug port.
-			Format: <Controller#>[,poll interval]
-			The controller # is the number of the ehci usb debug
-			port as it is probed via PCI.  The poll interval is
-			optional and is the number seconds in between
-			each poll cycle to the debug port in case you need
-			the functionality for interrupting the kernel with
-			gdb or control-c on the dbgp connection.  When
-			not using this parameter you use sysrq-g to break into
-			the kernel debugger.
-
-	kgdboc=		[KGDB,HW] kgdb over consoles.
-			Requires a tty driver that supports console polling,
-			or a supported polling keyboard driver (non-usb).
-			 Serial only format: <serial_device>[,baud]
-			 keyboard only format: kbd
-			 keyboard and serial format: kbd,<serial_device>[,baud]
-			Optional Kernel mode setting:
-			 kms, kbd format: kms,kbd
-			 kms, kbd and serial format: kms,kbd,<ser_dev>[,baud]
-
-	kgdbwait	[KGDB] Stop kernel execution and enter the
-			kernel debugger at the earliest opportunity.
-
-	kmac=		[MIPS] korina ethernet MAC address.
-			Configure the RouterBoard 532 series on-chip
-			Ethernet adapter MAC address.
-
-	kmemleak=	[KNL] Boot-time kmemleak enable/disable
-			Valid arguments: on, off
-			Default: on
-			Built with CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_DEFAULT_OFF=y,
-			the default is off.
-
-	kmemcheck=	[X86] Boot-time kmemcheck enable/disable/one-shot mode
-			Valid arguments: 0, 1, 2
-			kmemcheck=0 (disabled)
-			kmemcheck=1 (enabled)
-			kmemcheck=2 (one-shot mode)
-			Default: 2 (one-shot mode)
-
-	kstack=N	[X86] Print N words from the kernel stack
-			in oops dumps.
-
-	kvm.ignore_msrs=[KVM] Ignore guest accesses to unhandled MSRs.
-			Default is 0 (don't ignore, but inject #GP)
-
-	kvm.mmu_audit=	[KVM] This is a R/W parameter which allows audit
-			KVM MMU at runtime.
-			Default is 0 (off)
-
-	kvm-amd.nested=	[KVM,AMD] Allow nested virtualization in KVM/SVM.
-			Default is 1 (enabled)
-
-	kvm-amd.npt=	[KVM,AMD] Disable nested paging (virtualized MMU)
-			for all guests.
-			Default is 1 (enabled) if in 64-bit or 32-bit PAE mode.
-
-	kvm-intel.ept=	[KVM,Intel] Disable extended page tables
-			(virtualized MMU) support on capable Intel chips.
-			Default is 1 (enabled)
-
-	kvm-intel.emulate_invalid_guest_state=
-			[KVM,Intel] Enable emulation of invalid guest states
-			Default is 0 (disabled)
-
-	kvm-intel.flexpriority=
-			[KVM,Intel] Disable FlexPriority feature (TPR shadow).
-			Default is 1 (enabled)
-
-	kvm-intel.nested=
-			[KVM,Intel] Enable VMX nesting (nVMX).
-			Default is 0 (disabled)
-
-	kvm-intel.unrestricted_guest=
-			[KVM,Intel] Disable unrestricted guest feature
-			(virtualized real and unpaged mode) on capable
-			Intel chips. Default is 1 (enabled)
-
-	kvm-intel.vpid=	[KVM,Intel] Disable Virtual Processor Identification
-			feature (tagged TLBs) on capable Intel chips.
-			Default is 1 (enabled)
-
-	l2cr=		[PPC]
-
-	l3cr=		[PPC]
-
-	lapic		[X86-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS
-			disabled it.
-
-	lapic=		[x86,APIC] "notscdeadline" Do not use TSC deadline
-			value for LAPIC timer one-shot implementation. Default
-			back to the programmable timer unit in the LAPIC.
-
-	lapic_timer_c2_ok	[X86,APIC] trust the local apic timer
-			in C2 power state.
-
-	libata.dma=	[LIBATA] DMA control
-			libata.dma=0	  Disable all PATA and SATA DMA
-			libata.dma=1	  PATA and SATA Disk DMA only
-			libata.dma=2	  ATAPI (CDROM) DMA only
-			libata.dma=4	  Compact Flash DMA only
-			Combinations also work, so libata.dma=3 enables DMA
-			for disks and CDROMs, but not CFs.
-
-	libata.ignore_hpa=	[LIBATA] Ignore HPA limit
-			libata.ignore_hpa=0	  keep BIOS limits (default)
-			libata.ignore_hpa=1	  ignore limits, using full disk
-
-	libata.noacpi	[LIBATA] Disables use of ACPI in libata suspend/resume
-			when set.
-			Format: <int>
-
-	libata.force=	[LIBATA] Force configurations.  The format is comma
-			separated list of "[ID:]VAL" where ID is
-			PORT[.DEVICE].  PORT and DEVICE are decimal numbers
-			matching port, link or device.  Basically, it matches
-			the ATA ID string printed on console by libata.  If
-			the whole ID part is omitted, the last PORT and DEVICE
-			values are used.  If ID hasn't been specified yet, the
-			configuration applies to all ports, links and devices.
-
-			If only DEVICE is omitted, the parameter applies to
-			the port and all links and devices behind it.  DEVICE
-			number of 0 either selects the first device or the
-			first fan-out link behind PMP device.  It does not
-			select the host link.  DEVICE number of 15 selects the
-			host link and device attached to it.
-
-			The VAL specifies the configuration to force.  As long
-			as there's no ambiguity shortcut notation is allowed.
-			For example, both 1.5 and 1.5G would work for 1.5Gbps.
-			The following configurations can be forced.
-
-			* Cable type: 40c, 80c, short40c, unk, ign or sata.
-			  Any ID with matching PORT is used.
-
-			* SATA link speed limit: 1.5Gbps or 3.0Gbps.
-
-			* Transfer mode: pio[0-7], mwdma[0-4] and udma[0-7].
-			  udma[/][16,25,33,44,66,100,133] notation is also
-			  allowed.
-
-			* [no]ncq: Turn on or off NCQ.
-
-			* [no]ncqtrim: Turn off queued DSM TRIM.
-
-			* nohrst, nosrst, norst: suppress hard, soft
-                          and both resets.
-
-			* rstonce: only attempt one reset during
-			  hot-unplug link recovery
-
-			* dump_id: dump IDENTIFY data.
-
-			* atapi_dmadir: Enable ATAPI DMADIR bridge support
-
-			* disable: Disable this device.
-
-			If there are multiple matching configurations changing
-			the same attribute, the last one is used.
-
-	memblock=debug	[KNL] Enable memblock debug messages.
-
-	load_ramdisk=	[RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
-			See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
-
-	lockd.nlm_grace_period=P  [NFS] Assign grace period.
-			Format: <integer>
-
-	lockd.nlm_tcpport=N	[NFS] Assign TCP port.
-			Format: <integer>
-
-	lockd.nlm_timeout=T	[NFS] Assign timeout value.
-			Format: <integer>
-
-	lockd.nlm_udpport=M	[NFS] Assign UDP port.
-			Format: <integer>
-
-	locktorture.nreaders_stress= [KNL]
-			Set the number of locking read-acquisition kthreads.
-			Defaults to being automatically set based on the
-			number of online CPUs.
-
-	locktorture.nwriters_stress= [KNL]
-			Set the number of locking write-acquisition kthreads.
-
-	locktorture.onoff_holdoff= [KNL]
-			Set time (s) after boot for CPU-hotplug testing.
-
-	locktorture.onoff_interval= [KNL]
-			Set time (s) between CPU-hotplug operations, or
-			zero to disable CPU-hotplug testing.
-
-	locktorture.shuffle_interval= [KNL]
-			Set task-shuffle interval (jiffies).  Shuffling
-			tasks allows some CPUs to go into dyntick-idle
-			mode during the locktorture test.
-
-	locktorture.shutdown_secs= [KNL]
-			Set time (s) after boot system shutdown.  This
-			is useful for hands-off automated testing.
-
-	locktorture.stat_interval= [KNL]
-			Time (s) between statistics printk()s.
-
-	locktorture.stutter= [KNL]
-			Time (s) to stutter testing, for example,
-			specifying five seconds causes the test to run for
-			five seconds, wait for five seconds, and so on.
-			This tests the locking primitive's ability to
-			transition abruptly to and from idle.
-
-	locktorture.torture_runnable= [BOOT]
-			Start locktorture running at boot time.
-
-	locktorture.torture_type= [KNL]
-			Specify the locking implementation to test.
-
-	locktorture.verbose= [KNL]
-			Enable additional printk() statements.
-
-	logibm.irq=	[HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
-			Format: <irq>
-
-	loglevel=	All Kernel Messages with a loglevel smaller than the
-			console loglevel will be printed to the console. It can
-			also be changed with klogd or other programs. The
-			loglevels are defined as follows:
-
-			0 (KERN_EMERG)		system is unusable
-			1 (KERN_ALERT)		action must be taken immediately
-			2 (KERN_CRIT)		critical conditions
-			3 (KERN_ERR)		error conditions
-			4 (KERN_WARNING)	warning conditions
-			5 (KERN_NOTICE)		normal but significant condition
-			6 (KERN_INFO)		informational
-			7 (KERN_DEBUG)		debug-level messages
-
-	log_buf_len=n[KMG]	Sets the size of the printk ring buffer,
-			in bytes.  n must be a power of two and greater
-			than the minimal size. The minimal size is defined
-			by LOG_BUF_SHIFT kernel config parameter. There is
-			also CONFIG_LOG_CPU_MAX_BUF_SHIFT config parameter
-			that allows to increase the default size depending on
-			the number of CPUs. See init/Kconfig for more details.
-
-	logo.nologo	[FB] Disables display of the built-in Linux logo.
-			This may be used to provide more screen space for
-			kernel log messages and is useful when debugging
-			kernel boot problems.
-
-	lp=0		[LP]	Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
-	lp=port[,port...]	lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
-	lp=reset		first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
-	lp=auto			printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
-				specified in addition to the ports) causes
-				attached printers to be reset. Using
-				lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
-				to associate lp devices with, starting with
-				lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
-				that lp device, or a parport name such as
-				'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
-				port specification list means that device IDs
-				from each port should be examined, to see if
-				an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
-				so, the driver will manage that printer.
-				See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
-
-	lpj=n		[KNL]
-			Sets loops_per_jiffy to given constant, thus avoiding
-			time-consuming boot-time autodetection (up to 250 ms per
-			CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine
-			the correct value for your kernel, boot with normal
-			autodetection and see what value is printed. Note that
-			on SMP systems the preset will be applied to all CPUs,
-			which is likely to cause problems if your CPUs need
-			significantly divergent settings. An incorrect value
-			will cause delays in the kernel to be wrong, leading to
-			unpredictable I/O errors and other breakage. Although
-			unlikely, in the extreme case this might damage your
-			hardware.
-
-	ltpc=		[NET]
-			Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
-
-	machvec=	[IA-64] Force the use of a particular machine-vector
-			(machvec) in a generic kernel.
-			Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb
-
-	machtype=	[Loongson] Share the same kernel image file between different
-			 yeeloong laptop.
-			Example: machtype=lemote-yeeloong-2f-7inch
-
-	max_addr=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory greater
-			than or equal to this physical address is ignored.
-
-	maxcpus=	[SMP] Maximum number of processors that	an SMP kernel
-			will bring up during bootup.  maxcpus=n : n >= 0 limits
-			the kernel to bring up 'n' processors. Surely after
-			bootup you can bring up the other plugged cpu by executing
-			"echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online". So maxcpus
-			only takes effect during system bootup.
-			While n=0 is a special case, it is equivalent to "nosmp",
-			which also disables the IO APIC.
-
-	max_loop=	[LOOP] The number of loop block devices that get
-	(loop.max_loop)	unconditionally pre-created at init time. The default
-			number is configured by BLK_DEV_LOOP_MIN_COUNT. Instead
-			of statically allocating a predefined number, loop
-			devices can be requested on-demand with the
-			/dev/loop-control interface.
-
-	mce		[X86-32] Machine Check Exception
-
-	mce=option	[X86-64] See Documentation/x86/x86_64/boot-options.txt
-
-	md=		[HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
-			See Documentation/admin-guide/md.rst.
-
-	mdacon=		[MDA]
-			Format: <first>,<last>
-			Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
-
-	mem=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
-			Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
-			to see the whole system memory or for test.
-			[X86] Work as limiting max address. Use together
-			with memmap= to avoid physical address space collisions.
-			Without memmap= PCI devices could be placed at addresses
-			belonging to unused RAM.
-
-	mem=nopentium	[BUGS=X86-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
-			memory.
-
-	memchunk=nn[KMG]
-			[KNL,SH] Allow user to override the default size for
-			per-device physically contiguous DMA buffers.
-
-        memhp_default_state=online/offline
-			[KNL] Set the initial state for the memory hotplug
-			onlining policy. If not specified, the default value is
-			set according to the
-			CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_DEFAULT_ONLINE kernel config
-			option.
-			See Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt.
-
-	memmap=exactmap	[KNL,X86] Enable setting of an exact
-			E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
-			Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
-			BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
-			option description.
-
-	memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
-			[KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory.
-			Region of memory to be used is from ss to ss+nn.
-
-	memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
-			[KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
-			Region of memory to be marked is from ss to ss+nn.
-
-	memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
-			[KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
-			Region of memory to be reserved is from ss to ss+nn.
-			Example: Exclude memory from 0x18690000-0x1869ffff
-			         memmap=64K$0x18690000
-			         or
-			         memmap=0x10000$0x18690000
-
-	memmap=nn[KMG]!ss[KMG]
-			[KNL,X86] Mark specific memory as protected.
-			Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
-			The memory region may be marked as e820 type 12 (0xc)
-			and is NVDIMM or ADR memory.
-
-	memory_corruption_check=0/1 [X86]
-			Some BIOSes seem to corrupt the first 64k of
-			memory when doing things like suspend/resume.
-			Setting this option will scan the memory
-			looking for corruption.  Enabling this will
-			both detect corruption and prevent the kernel
-			from using the memory being corrupted.
-			However, its intended as a diagnostic tool; if
-			repeatable BIOS-originated corruption always
-			affects the same memory, you can use memmap=
-			to prevent the kernel from using that memory.
-
-	memory_corruption_check_size=size [X86]
-			By default it checks for corruption in the low
-			64k, making this memory unavailable for normal
-			use.  Use this parameter to scan for
-			corruption in more or less memory.
-
-	memory_corruption_check_period=seconds [X86]
-			By default it checks for corruption every 60
-			seconds.  Use this parameter to check at some
-			other rate.  0 disables periodic checking.
-
-	memtest=	[KNL,X86,ARM] Enable memtest
-			Format: <integer>
-			default : 0 <disable>
-			Specifies the number of memtest passes to be
-			performed. Each pass selects another test
-			pattern from a given set of patterns. Memtest
-			fills the memory with this pattern, validates
-			memory contents and reserves bad memory
-			regions that are detected.
-
-	meye.*=		[HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
-			See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
-
-	mfgpt_irq=	[IA-32] Specify the IRQ to use for the
-			Multi-Function General Purpose Timers on AMD Geode
-			platforms.
-
-	mfgptfix	[X86-32] Fix MFGPT timers on AMD Geode platforms when
-			the BIOS has incorrectly applied a workaround. TinyBIOS
-			version 0.98 is known to be affected, 0.99 fixes the
-			problem by letting the user disable the workaround.
-
-	mga=		[HW,DRM]
-
-	min_addr=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory below this
-			physical address is ignored.
-
-	mini2440=	[ARM,HW,KNL]
-			Format:[0..2][b][c][t]
-			Default: "0tb"
-			MINI2440 configuration specification:
-			0 - The attached screen is the 3.5" TFT
-			1 - The attached screen is the 7" TFT
-			2 - The VGA Shield is attached (1024x768)
-			Leaving out the screen size parameter will not load
-			the TFT driver, and the framebuffer will be left
-			unconfigured.
-			b - Enable backlight. The TFT backlight pin will be
-			linked to the kernel VESA blanking code and a GPIO
-			LED. This parameter is not necessary when using the
-			VGA shield.
-			c - Enable the s3c camera interface.
-			t - Reserved for enabling touchscreen support. The
-			touchscreen support is not enabled in the mainstream
-			kernel as of 2.6.30, a preliminary port can be found
-			in the "bleeding edge" mini2440 support kernel at
-			http://repo.or.cz/w/linux-2.6/mini2440.git
-
-	mminit_loglevel=
-			[KNL] When CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT is set, this
-			parameter allows control of the logging verbosity for
-			the additional memory initialisation checks. A value
-			of 0 disables mminit logging and a level of 4 will
-			log everything. Information is printed at KERN_DEBUG
-			so loglevel=8 may also need to be specified.
-
-	module.sig_enforce
-			[KNL] When CONFIG_MODULE_SIG is set, this means that
-			modules without (valid) signatures will fail to load.
-			Note that if CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE is set, that
-			is always true, so this option does nothing.
-
-	module_blacklist=  [KNL] Do not load a comma-separated list of
-			modules.  Useful for debugging problem modules.
-
-	mousedev.tap_time=
-			[MOUSE] Maximum time between finger touching and
-			leaving touchpad surface for touch to be considered
-			a tap and be reported as a left button click (for
-			touchpads working in absolute mode only).
-			Format: <msecs>
-	mousedev.xres=	[MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
-			reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
-	mousedev.yres=	[MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
-			reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
-
-	movablecore=nn[KMG]	[KNL,X86,IA-64,PPC] This parameter
-			is similar to kernelcore except it specifies the
-			amount of memory used for migratable allocations.
-			If both kernelcore and movablecore is specified,
-			then kernelcore will be at *least* the specified
-			value but may be more. If movablecore on its own
-			is specified, the administrator must be careful
-			that the amount of memory usable for all allocations
-			is not too small.
-
-	movable_node	[KNL,X86] Boot-time switch to enable the effects
-			of CONFIG_MOVABLE_NODE=y. See mm/Kconfig for details.
-
-	MTD_Partition=	[MTD]
-			Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
-
-	MTD_Region=	[MTD] Format:
-			<name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
-
-	mtdparts=	[MTD]
-			See drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c.
-
-	multitce=off	[PPC]  This parameter disables the use of the pSeries
-			firmware feature for updating multiple TCE entries
-			at a time.
-
-	onenand.bdry=	[HW,MTD] Flex-OneNAND Boundary Configuration
-
-			Format: [die0_boundary][,die0_lock][,die1_boundary][,die1_lock]
-
-			boundary - index of last SLC block on Flex-OneNAND.
-				   The remaining blocks are configured as MLC blocks.
-			lock	 - Configure if Flex-OneNAND boundary should be locked.
-				   Once locked, the boundary cannot be changed.
-				   1 indicates lock status, 0 indicates unlock status.
-
-	mtdset=		[ARM]
-			ARM/S3C2412 JIVE boot control
-
-			See arch/arm/mach-s3c2412/mach-jive.c
-
-	mtouchusb.raw_coordinates=
-			[HW] Make the MicroTouch USB driver use raw coordinates
-			('y', default) or cooked coordinates ('n')
-
-	mtrr_chunk_size=nn[KMG] [X86]
-			used for mtrr cleanup. It is largest continuous chunk
-			that could hold holes aka. UC entries.
-
-	mtrr_gran_size=nn[KMG] [X86]
-			Used for mtrr cleanup. It is granularity of mtrr block.
-			Default is 1.
-			Large value could prevent small alignment from
-			using up MTRRs.
-
-	mtrr_spare_reg_nr=n [X86]
-			Format: <integer>
-			Range: 0,7 : spare reg number
-			Default : 1
-			Used for mtrr cleanup. It is spare mtrr entries number.
-			Set to 2 or more if your graphical card needs more.
-
-	n2=		[NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
-
-	netdev=		[NET] Network devices parameters
-			Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
-			Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
-			something different and driver-specific.
-			This usage is only documented in each driver source
-			file if at all.
-
-	nf_conntrack.acct=
-			[NETFILTER] Enable connection tracking flow accounting
-			0 to disable accounting
-			1 to enable accounting
-			Default value is 0.
-
-	nfsaddrs=	[NFS] Deprecated.  Use ip= instead.
-			See Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt.
-
-	nfsroot=	[NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
-			See Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt.
-
-	nfsrootdebug	[NFS] enable nfsroot debugging messages.
-			See Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt.
-
-	nfs.callback_nr_threads=
-			[NFSv4] set the total number of threads that the
-			NFS client will assign to service NFSv4 callback
-			requests.
-
-	nfs.callback_tcpport=
-			[NFS] set the TCP port on which the NFSv4 callback
-			channel should listen.
-
-	nfs.cache_getent=
-			[NFS] sets the pathname to the program which is used
-			to update the NFS client cache entries.
-
-	nfs.cache_getent_timeout=
-			[NFS] sets the timeout after which an attempt to
-			update a cache entry is deemed to have failed.
-
-	nfs.idmap_cache_timeout=
-			[NFS] set the maximum lifetime for idmapper cache
-			entries.
-
-	nfs.enable_ino64=
-			[NFS] enable 64-bit inode numbers.
-			If zero, the NFS client will fake up a 32-bit inode
-			number for the readdir() and stat() syscalls instead
-			of returning the full 64-bit number.
-			The default is to return 64-bit inode numbers.
-
-	nfs.max_session_cb_slots=
-			[NFSv4.1] Sets the maximum number of session
-			slots the client will assign to the callback
-			channel. This determines the maximum number of
-			callbacks the client will process in parallel for
-			a particular server.
-
-	nfs.max_session_slots=
-			[NFSv4.1] Sets the maximum number of session slots
-			the client will attempt to negotiate with the server.
-			This limits the number of simultaneous RPC requests
-			that the client can send to the NFSv4.1 server.
-			Note that there is little point in setting this
-			value higher than the max_tcp_slot_table_limit.
-
-	nfs.nfs4_disable_idmapping=
-			[NFSv4] When set to the default of '1', this option
-			ensures that both the RPC level authentication
-			scheme and the NFS level operations agree to use
-			numeric uids/gids if the mount is using the
-			'sec=sys' security flavour. In effect it is
-			disabling idmapping, which can make migration from
-			legacy NFSv2/v3 systems to NFSv4 easier.
-			Servers that do not support this mode of operation
-			will be autodetected by the client, and it will fall
-			back to using the idmapper.
-			To turn off this behaviour, set the value to '0'.
-	nfs.nfs4_unique_id=
-			[NFS4] Specify an additional fixed unique ident-
-			ification string that NFSv4 clients can insert into
-			their nfs_client_id4 string.  This is typically a
-			UUID that is generated at system install time.
-
-	nfs.send_implementation_id =
-			[NFSv4.1] Send client implementation identification
-			information in exchange_id requests.
-			If zero, no implementation identification information
-			will be sent.
-			The default is to send the implementation identification
-			information.
-
-	nfs.recover_lost_locks =
-			[NFSv4] Attempt to recover locks that were lost due
-			to a lease timeout on the server. Please note that
-			doing this risks data corruption, since there are
-			no guarantees that the file will remain unchanged
-			after the locks are lost.
-			If you want to enable the kernel legacy behaviour of
-			attempting to recover these locks, then set this
-			parameter to '1'.
-			The default parameter value of '0' causes the kernel
-			not to attempt recovery of lost locks.
-
-	nfs4.layoutstats_timer =
-			[NFSv4.2] Change the rate at which the kernel sends
-			layoutstats to the pNFS metadata server.
-
-			Setting this to value to 0 causes the kernel to use
-			whatever value is the default set by the layout
-			driver. A non-zero value sets the minimum interval
-			in seconds between layoutstats transmissions.
-
-	nfsd.nfs4_disable_idmapping=
-			[NFSv4] When set to the default of '1', the NFSv4
-			server will return only numeric uids and gids to
-			clients using auth_sys, and will accept numeric uids
-			and gids from such clients.  This is intended to ease
-			migration from NFSv2/v3.
-
-	objlayoutdriver.osd_login_prog=
-			[NFS] [OBJLAYOUT] sets the pathname to the program which
-			is used to automatically discover and login into new
-			osd-targets. Please see:
-			Documentation/filesystems/pnfs.txt for more explanations
-
-	nmi_debug=	[KNL,AVR32,SH] Specify one or more actions to take
-			when a NMI is triggered.
-			Format: [state][,regs][,debounce][,die]
-
-	nmi_watchdog=	[KNL,BUGS=X86] Debugging features for SMP kernels
-			Format: [panic,][nopanic,][num]
-			Valid num: 0 or 1
-			0 - turn hardlockup detector in nmi_watchdog off
-			1 - turn hardlockup detector in nmi_watchdog on
-			When panic is specified, panic when an NMI watchdog
-			timeout occurs (or 'nopanic' to override the opposite
-			default). To disable both hard and soft lockup detectors,
-			please see 'nowatchdog'.
-			This is useful when you use a panic=... timeout and
-			need the box quickly up again.
-
-	netpoll.carrier_timeout=
-			[NET] Specifies amount of time (in seconds) that
-			netpoll should wait for a carrier. By default netpoll
-			waits 4 seconds.
-
-	no387		[BUGS=X86-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
-			emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
-			is present.
-
-	no_console_suspend
-			[HW] Never suspend the console
-			Disable suspending of consoles during suspend and
-			hibernate operations.  Once disabled, debugging
-			messages can reach various consoles while the rest
-			of the system is being put to sleep (ie, while
-			debugging driver suspend/resume hooks).  This may
-			not work reliably with all consoles, but is known
-			to work with serial and VGA consoles.
-			To facilitate more flexible debugging, we also add
-			console_suspend, a printk module parameter to control
-			it. Users could use console_suspend (usually
-			/sys/module/printk/parameters/console_suspend) to
-			turn on/off it dynamically.
-
-	noaliencache	[MM, NUMA, SLAB] Disables the allocation of alien
-			caches in the slab allocator.  Saves per-node memory,
-			but will impact performance.
-
-	noalign		[KNL,ARM]
-
-	noapic		[SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
-			IOAPICs that may be present in the system.
-
-	noautogroup	Disable scheduler automatic task group creation.
-
-	nobats		[PPC] Do not use BATs for mapping kernel lowmem
-			on "Classic" PPC cores.
-
-	nocache		[ARM]
-
-	noclflush	[BUGS=X86] Don't use the CLFLUSH instruction
-
-	nodelayacct	[KNL] Disable per-task delay accounting
-
-	nodsp		[SH] Disable hardware DSP at boot time.
-
-	noefi		Disable EFI runtime services support.
-
-	noexec		[IA-64]
-
-	noexec		[X86]
-			On X86-32 available only on PAE configured kernels.
-			noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
-			noexec=off: disable non-executable mappings
-
-	nosmap		[X86]
-			Disable SMAP (Supervisor Mode Access Prevention)
-			even if it is supported by processor.
-
-	nosmep		[X86]
-			Disable SMEP (Supervisor Mode Execution Prevention)
-			even if it is supported by processor.
-
-	noexec32	[X86-64]
-			This affects only 32-bit executables.
-			noexec32=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
-				read doesn't imply executable mappings
-			noexec32=off: disable non-executable mappings
-				read implies executable mappings
-
-	nofpu		[MIPS,SH] Disable hardware FPU at boot time.
-
-	nofxsr		[BUGS=X86-32] Disables x86 floating point extended
-			register save and restore. The kernel will only save
-			legacy floating-point registers on task switch.
-
-	nohugeiomap	[KNL,x86] Disable kernel huge I/O mappings.
-
-	nosmt		[KNL,S390] Disable symmetric multithreading (SMT).
-			Equivalent to smt=1.
-
-	noxsave		[BUGS=X86] Disables x86 extended register state save
-			and restore using xsave. The kernel will fallback to
-			enabling legacy floating-point and sse state.
-
-	noxsaveopt	[X86] Disables xsaveopt used in saving x86 extended
-			register states. The kernel will fall back to use
-			xsave to save the states. By using this parameter,
-			performance of saving the states is degraded because
-			xsave doesn't support modified optimization while
-			xsaveopt supports it on xsaveopt enabled systems.
-
-	noxsaves	[X86] Disables xsaves and xrstors used in saving and
-			restoring x86 extended register state in compacted
-			form of xsave area. The kernel will fall back to use
-			xsaveopt and xrstor to save and restore the states
-			in standard form of xsave area. By using this
-			parameter, xsave area per process might occupy more
-			memory on xsaves enabled systems.
-
-	nohlt		[BUGS=ARM,SH] Tells the kernel that the sleep(SH) or
-			wfi(ARM) instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
-			use it. This is also useful when using JTAG debugger.
-
-	no_file_caps	Tells the kernel not to honor file capabilities.  The
-			only way then for a file to be executed with privilege
-			is to be setuid root or executed by root.
-
-	nohalt		[IA-64] Tells the kernel not to use the power saving
-			function PAL_HALT_LIGHT when idle. This increases
-			power-consumption. On the positive side, it reduces
-			interrupt wake-up latency, which may improve performance
-			in certain environments such as networked servers or
-			real-time systems.
-
-	nohibernate	[HIBERNATION] Disable hibernation and resume.
-
-	nohz=		[KNL] Boottime enable/disable dynamic ticks
-			Valid arguments: on, off
-			Default: on
-
-	nohz_full=	[KNL,BOOT]
-			The argument is a cpu list, as described above.
-			In kernels built with CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL=y, set
-			the specified list of CPUs whose tick will be stopped
-			whenever possible. The boot CPU will be forced outside
-			the range to maintain the timekeeping.
-			The CPUs in this range must also be included in the
-			rcu_nocbs= set.
-
-	noiotrap	[SH] Disables trapped I/O port accesses.
-
-	noirqdebug	[X86-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
-			disable unhandled interrupt sources.
-
-	no_timer_check	[X86,APIC] Disables the code which tests for
-			broken timer IRQ sources.
-
-	noisapnp	[ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
-
-	noinitrd	[RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
-			initial RAM disk.
-
-	nointremap	[X86-64, Intel-IOMMU] Do not enable interrupt
-			remapping.
-			[Deprecated - use intremap=off]
-
-	nointroute	[IA-64]
-
-	noinvpcid	[X86] Disable the INVPCID cpu feature.
-
-	nojitter	[IA-64] Disables jitter checking for ITC timers.
-
-	no-kvmclock	[X86,KVM] Disable paravirtualized KVM clock driver
-
-	no-kvmapf	[X86,KVM] Disable paravirtualized asynchronous page
-			fault handling.
-
-	no-steal-acc    [X86,KVM] Disable paravirtualized steal time accounting.
-			steal time is computed, but won't influence scheduler
-			behaviour
-
-	nolapic		[X86-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
-
-	nolapic_timer	[X86-32,APIC] Do not use the local APIC timer.
-
-	noltlbs		[PPC] Do not use large page/tlb entries for kernel
-			lowmem mapping on PPC40x and PPC8xx
-
-	nomca		[IA-64] Disable machine check abort handling
-
-	nomce		[X86-32] Disable Machine Check Exception
-
-	nomfgpt		[X86-32] Disable Multi-Function General Purpose
-			Timer usage (for AMD Geode machines).
-
-	nonmi_ipi	[X86] Disable using NMI IPIs during panic/reboot to
-			shutdown the other cpus.  Instead use the REBOOT_VECTOR
-			irq.
-
-	nomodule	Disable module load
-
-	nopat		[X86] Disable PAT (page attribute table extension of
-			pagetables) support.
-
-	norandmaps	Don't use address space randomization.  Equivalent to
-			echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space
-
-	noreplace-paravirt	[X86,IA-64,PV_OPS] Don't patch paravirt_ops
-
-	noreplace-smp	[X86-32,SMP] Don't replace SMP instructions
-			with UP alternatives
-
-	nordrand	[X86] Disable kernel use of the RDRAND and
-			RDSEED instructions even if they are supported
-			by the processor.  RDRAND and RDSEED are still
-			available to user space applications.
-
-	noresume	[SWSUSP] Disables resume and restores original swap
-			space.
-
-	no-scroll	[VGA] Disables scrollback.
-			This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
-			reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
-
-	nosbagart	[IA-64]
-
-	nosep		[BUGS=X86-32] Disables x86 SYSENTER/SYSEXIT support.
-
-	nosmp		[SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel,
-			and disable the IO APIC.  legacy for "maxcpus=0".
-
-	nosoftlockup	[KNL] Disable the soft-lockup detector.
-
-	nosync		[HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
-
-	notsc		[BUGS=X86-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
-
-	nowatchdog	[KNL] Disable both lockup detectors, i.e.
-                        soft-lockup and NMI watchdog (hard-lockup).
-
-	nowb		[ARM]
-
-	nox2apic	[X86-64,APIC] Do not enable x2APIC mode.
-
-	cpu0_hotplug	[X86] Turn on CPU0 hotplug feature when
-			CONFIG_BOOTPARAM_HOTPLUG_CPU0 is off.
-			Some features depend on CPU0. Known dependencies are:
-			1. Resume from suspend/hibernate depends on CPU0.
-			Suspend/hibernate will fail if CPU0 is offline and you
-			need to online CPU0 before suspend/hibernate.
-			2. PIC interrupts also depend on CPU0. CPU0 can't be
-			removed if a PIC interrupt is detected.
-			It's said poweroff/reboot may depend on CPU0 on some
-			machines although I haven't seen such issues so far
-			after CPU0 is offline on a few tested machines.
-			If the dependencies are under your control, you can
-			turn on cpu0_hotplug.
-
-	nptcg=		[IA-64] Override max number of concurrent global TLB
-			purges which is reported from either PAL_VM_SUMMARY or
-			SAL PALO.
-
-	nr_cpus=	[SMP] Maximum number of processors that	an SMP kernel
-			could support.  nr_cpus=n : n >= 1 limits the kernel to
-			support 'n' processors. It could be larger than the
-			number of already plugged CPU during bootup, later in
-			runtime you can physically add extra cpu until it reaches
-			n. So during boot up some boot time memory for per-cpu
-			variables need be pre-allocated for later physical cpu
-			hot plugging.
-
-	nr_uarts=	[SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered.
-
-	numa_balancing=	[KNL,X86] Enable or disable automatic NUMA balancing.
-			Allowed values are enable and disable
-
-	numa_zonelist_order= [KNL, BOOT] Select zonelist order for NUMA.
-			one of ['zone', 'node', 'default'] can be specified
-			This can be set from sysctl after boot.
-			See Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt for details.
-
-	ohci1394_dma=early	[HW] enable debugging via the ohci1394 driver.
-			See Documentation/debugging-via-ohci1394.txt for more
-			info.
-
-	olpc_ec_timeout= [OLPC] ms delay when issuing EC commands
-			Rather than timing out after 20 ms if an EC
-			command is not properly ACKed, override the length
-			of the timeout.  We have interrupts disabled while
-			waiting for the ACK, so if this is set too high
-			interrupts *may* be lost!
-
-	omap_mux=	[OMAP] Override bootloader pin multiplexing.
-			Format: <mux_mode0.mode_name=value>...
-			For example, to override I2C bus2:
-			omap_mux=i2c2_scl.i2c2_scl=0x100,i2c2_sda.i2c2_sda=0x100
-
-	oprofile.timer=	[HW]
-			Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
-
-	oprofile.cpu_type=	Force an oprofile cpu type
-			This might be useful if you have an older oprofile
-			userland or if you want common events.
-			Format: { arch_perfmon }
-			arch_perfmon: [X86] Force use of architectural
-				perfmon on Intel CPUs instead of the
-				CPU specific event set.
-			timer: [X86] Force use of architectural NMI
-				timer mode (see also oprofile.timer
-				for generic hr timer mode)
-
-	oops=panic	Always panic on oopses. Default is to just kill the
-			process, but there is a small probability of
-			deadlocking the machine.
-			This will also cause panics on machine check exceptions.
-			Useful together with panic=30 to trigger a reboot.
-
-	OSS		[HW,OSS]
-			See Documentation/sound/oss/oss-parameters.txt
-
-	page_owner=	[KNL] Boot-time page_owner enabling option.
-			Storage of the information about who allocated
-			each page is disabled in default. With this switch,
-			we can turn it on.
-			on: enable the feature
-
-	page_poison=	[KNL] Boot-time parameter changing the state of
-			poisoning on the buddy allocator.
-			off: turn off poisoning
-			on: turn on poisoning
-
-	panic=		[KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic: delay <timeout>
-			timeout > 0: seconds before rebooting
-			timeout = 0: wait forever
-			timeout < 0: reboot immediately
-			Format: <timeout>
-
-	panic_on_warn	panic() instead of WARN().  Useful to cause kdump
-			on a WARN().
-
-	crash_kexec_post_notifiers
-			Run kdump after running panic-notifiers and dumping
-			kmsg. This only for the users who doubt kdump always
-			succeeds in any situation.
-			Note that this also increases risks of kdump failure,
-			because some panic notifiers can make the crashed
-			kernel more unstable.
-
-	parkbd.port=	[HW] Parallel port number the keyboard adapter is
-			connected to, default is 0.
-			Format: <parport#>
-	parkbd.mode=	[HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation,
-			0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
-			Format: <mode>
-
-	parport=	[HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
-			Format: { 0 | auto | 0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] }
-			Use 'auto' to force the driver to use any
-			IRQ/DMA settings detected (the default is to
-			ignore detected IRQ/DMA settings because of
-			possible conflicts). You can specify the base
-			address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and DMA
-			should be numbers, or 'auto' (for using detected
-			settings on that particular port), or 'nofifo'
-			(to avoid using a FIFO even if it is detected).
-			Parallel ports are assigned in the order they
-			are specified on the command line, starting
-			with parport0.
-
-	parport_init_mode=	[HW,PPT]
-			Configure VIA parallel port to operate in
-			a specific mode. This is necessary on Pegasos
-			computer where firmware has no options for setting
-			up parallel port mode and sets it to spp.
-			Currently this function knows 686a and 8231 chips.
-			Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp]
-
-	pause_on_oops=
-			Halt all CPUs after the first oops has been printed for
-			the specified number of seconds.  This is to be used if
-			your oopses keep scrolling off the screen.
-
-	pcbit=		[HW,ISDN]
-
-	pcd.		[PARIDE]
-			See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
-			See also Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
-
-	pci=option[,option...]	[PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
-		earlydump	[X86] dump PCI config space before the kernel
-			        changes anything
-		off		[X86] don't probe for the PCI bus
-		bios		[X86-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
-				the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
-				has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
-		nobios		[X86-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
-				hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
-				if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
-				suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
-		conf1		[X86] Force use of PCI Configuration Access
-				Mechanism 1 (config address in IO port 0xCF8,
-				data in IO port 0xCFC, both 32-bit).
-		conf2		[X86] Force use of PCI Configuration Access
-				Mechanism 2 (IO port 0xCF8 is an 8-bit port for
-				the function, IO port 0xCFA, also 8-bit, sets
-				bus number. The config space is then accessed
-				through ports 0xC000-0xCFFF).
-				See http://wiki.osdev.org/PCI for more info
-				on the configuration access mechanisms.
-		noaer		[PCIE] If the PCIEAER kernel config parameter is
-				enabled, this kernel boot option can be used to
-				disable the use of PCIE advanced error reporting.
-		nodomains	[PCI] Disable support for multiple PCI
-				root domains (aka PCI segments, in ACPI-speak).
-		nommconf	[X86] Disable use of MMCONFIG for PCI
-				Configuration
-		check_enable_amd_mmconf [X86] check for and enable
-				properly configured MMIO access to PCI
-				config space on AMD family 10h CPU
-		nomsi		[MSI] If the PCI_MSI kernel config parameter is
-				enabled, this kernel boot option can be used to
-				disable the use of MSI interrupts system-wide.
-		noioapicquirk	[APIC] Disable all boot interrupt quirks.
-				Safety option to keep boot IRQs enabled. This
-				should never be necessary.
-		ioapicreroute	[APIC] Enable rerouting of boot IRQs to the
-				primary IO-APIC for bridges that cannot disable
-				boot IRQs. This fixes a source of spurious IRQs
-				when the system masks IRQs.
-		noioapicreroute	[APIC] Disable workaround that uses the
-				boot IRQ equivalent of an IRQ that connects to
-				a chipset where boot IRQs cannot be disabled.
-				The opposite of ioapicreroute.
-		biosirq		[X86-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
-				routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
-				on several machines and they hang the machine
-				when used, but on other computers it's the only
-				way to get the interrupt routing table. Try
-				this option if the kernel is unable to allocate
-				IRQs or discover secondary PCI buses on your
-				motherboard.
-		rom		[X86] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
-				Use with caution as certain devices share
-				address decoders between ROMs and other
-				resources.
-		norom		[X86] Do not assign address space to
-				expansion ROMs that do not already have
-				BIOS assigned address ranges.
-		nobar		[X86] Do not assign address space to the
-				BARs that weren't assigned by the BIOS.
-		irqmask=0xMMMM	[X86] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be
-				assigned automatically to PCI devices. You can
-				make the kernel exclude IRQs of your ISA cards
-				this way.
-		pirqaddr=0xAAAAA	[X86] Specify the physical address
-				of the PIRQ table (normally generated
-				by the BIOS) if it is outside the
-				F0000h-100000h range.
-		lastbus=N	[X86] Scan all buses thru bus #N. Can be
-				useful if the kernel is unable to find your
-				secondary buses and you want to tell it
-				explicitly which ones they are.
-		assign-busses	[X86] Always assign all PCI bus
-				numbers ourselves, overriding
-				whatever the firmware may have done.
-		usepirqmask	[X86] Honor the possible IRQ mask stored
-				in the BIOS $PIR table. This is needed on
-				some systems with broken BIOSes, notably
-				some HP Pavilion N5400 and Omnibook XE3
-				notebooks. This will have no effect if ACPI
-				IRQ routing is enabled.
-		noacpi		[X86] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
-				or for PCI scanning.
-		use_crs		[X86] Use PCI host bridge window information
-				from ACPI.  On BIOSes from 2008 or later, this
-				is enabled by default.  If you need to use this,
-				please report a bug.
-		nocrs		[X86] Ignore PCI host bridge windows from ACPI.
-			        If you need to use this, please report a bug.
-		routeirq	Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices.
-				This is normally done in pci_enable_device(),
-				so this option is a temporary workaround
-				for broken drivers that don't call it.
-		skip_isa_align	[X86] do not align io start addr, so can
-				handle more pci cards
-		noearly		[X86] Don't do any early type 1 scanning.
-				This might help on some broken boards which
-				machine check when some devices' config space
-				is read. But various workarounds are disabled
-				and some IOMMU drivers will not work.
-		bfsort		Sort PCI devices into breadth-first order.
-				This sorting is done to get a device
-				order compatible with older (<= 2.4) kernels.
-		nobfsort	Don't sort PCI devices into breadth-first order.
-		pcie_bus_tune_off	Disable PCIe MPS (Max Payload Size)
-				tuning and use the BIOS-configured MPS defaults.
-		pcie_bus_safe	Set every device's MPS to the largest value
-				supported by all devices below the root complex.
-		pcie_bus_perf	Set device MPS to the largest allowable MPS
-				based on its parent bus. Also set MRRS (Max
-				Read Request Size) to the largest supported
-				value (no larger than the MPS that the device
-				or bus can support) for best performance.
-		pcie_bus_peer2peer	Set every device's MPS to 128B, which
-				every device is guaranteed to support. This
-				configuration allows peer-to-peer DMA between
-				any pair of devices, possibly at the cost of
-				reduced performance.  This also guarantees
-				that hot-added devices will work.
-		cbiosize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
-				reserved for the CardBus bridge's IO window.
-				The default value is 256 bytes.
-		cbmemsize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
-				reserved for the CardBus bridge's memory
-				window. The default value is 64 megabytes.
-		resource_alignment=
-				Format:
-				[<order of align>@][<domain>:]<bus>:<slot>.<func>[; ...]
-				[<order of align>@]pci:<vendor>:<device>\
-						[:<subvendor>:<subdevice>][; ...]
-				Specifies alignment and device to reassign
-				aligned memory resources.
-				If <order of align> is not specified,
-				PAGE_SIZE is used as alignment.
-				PCI-PCI bridge can be specified, if resource
-				windows need to be expanded.
-				To specify the alignment for several
-				instances of a device, the PCI vendor,
-				device, subvendor, and subdevice may be
-				specified, e.g., 4096@pci:8086:9c22:103c:198f
-		ecrc=		Enable/disable PCIe ECRC (transaction layer
-				end-to-end CRC checking).
-				bios: Use BIOS/firmware settings. This is the
-				the default.
-				off: Turn ECRC off
-				on: Turn ECRC on.
-		hpiosize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
-				reserved for hotplug bridge's IO window.
-				Default size is 256 bytes.
-		hpmemsize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
-				reserved for hotplug bridge's memory window.
-				Default size is 2 megabytes.
-		hpbussize=nn	The minimum amount of additional bus numbers
-				reserved for buses below a hotplug bridge.
-				Default is 1.
-		realloc=	Enable/disable reallocating PCI bridge resources
-				if allocations done by BIOS are too small to
-				accommodate resources required by all child
-				devices.
-				off: Turn realloc off
-				on: Turn realloc on
-		realloc		same as realloc=on
-		noari		do not use PCIe ARI.
-		pcie_scan_all	Scan all possible PCIe devices.  Otherwise we
-				only look for one device below a PCIe downstream
-				port.
-
-	pcie_aspm=	[PCIE] Forcibly enable or disable PCIe Active State Power
-			Management.
-		off	Disable ASPM.
-		force	Enable ASPM even on devices that claim not to support it.
-			WARNING: Forcing ASPM on may cause system lockups.
-
-	pcie_hp=	[PCIE] PCI Express Hotplug driver options:
-		nomsi	Do not use MSI for PCI Express Native Hotplug (this
-			makes all PCIe ports use INTx for hotplug services).
-
-	pcie_ports=	[PCIE] PCIe ports handling:
-		auto	Ask the BIOS whether or not to use native PCIe services
-			associated with PCIe ports (PME, hot-plug, AER).  Use
-			them only if that is allowed by the BIOS.
-		native	Use native PCIe services associated with PCIe ports
-			unconditionally.
-		compat	Treat PCIe ports as PCI-to-PCI bridges, disable the PCIe
-			ports driver.
-
-	pcie_port_pm=	[PCIE] PCIe port power management handling:
-		off	Disable power management of all PCIe ports
-		force	Forcibly enable power management of all PCIe ports
-
-	pcie_pme=	[PCIE,PM] Native PCIe PME signaling options:
-		nomsi	Do not use MSI for native PCIe PME signaling (this makes
-			all PCIe root ports use INTx for all services).
-
-	pcmv=		[HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
-
-	pd_ignore_unused
-			[PM]
-			Keep all power-domains already enabled by bootloader on,
-			even if no driver has claimed them. This is useful
-			for debug and development, but should not be
-			needed on a platform with proper driver support.
-
-	pd.		[PARIDE]
-			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
-
-	pdcchassis=	[PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at
-			boot time.
-			Format: { 0 | 1 }
-			See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c
-
-	percpu_alloc=	Select which percpu first chunk allocator to use.
-			Currently supported values are "embed" and "page".
-			Archs may support subset or none of the	selections.
-			See comments in mm/percpu.c for details on each
-			allocator.  This parameter is primarily	for debugging
-			and performance comparison.
-
-	pf.		[PARIDE]
-			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
-
-	pg.		[PARIDE]
-			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
-
-	pirq=		[SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
-			See Documentation/x86/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
-
-	plip=		[PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
-			Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
-			See also Documentation/parport.txt.
-
-	pmtmr=		[X86] Manual setup of pmtmr I/O Port.
-			Override pmtimer IOPort with a hex value.
-			e.g. pmtmr=0x508
-
-	pnp.debug=1	[PNP]
-			Enable PNP debug messages (depends on the
-			CONFIG_PNP_DEBUG_MESSAGES option).  Change at run-time
-			via /sys/module/pnp/parameters/debug.  We always show
-			current resource usage; turning this on also shows
-			possible settings and some assignment information.
-
-	pnpacpi=	[ACPI]
-			{ off }
-
-	pnpbios=	[ISAPNP]
-			{ on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
-
-	pnp_reserve_irq=
-			[ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
-
-	pnp_reserve_dma=
-			[ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
-
-	pnp_reserve_io=	[ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
-			Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
-
-	pnp_reserve_mem=
-			[ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the
-			autoconfiguration.
-			Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
-
-	ports=		[IP_VS_FTP] IPVS ftp helper module
-			Default is 21.
-			Up to 8 (IP_VS_APP_MAX_PORTS) ports
-			may be specified.
-			Format: <port>,<port>....
-
-	ppc_strict_facility_enable
-			[PPC] This option catches any kernel floating point,
-			Altivec, VSX and SPE outside of regions specifically
-			allowed (eg kernel_enable_fpu()/kernel_disable_fpu()).
-			There is some performance impact when enabling this.
-
-	print-fatal-signals=
-			[KNL] debug: print fatal signals
-
-			If enabled, warn about various signal handling
-			related application anomalies: too many signals,
-			too many POSIX.1 timers, fatal signals causing a
-			coredump - etc.
-
-			If you hit the warning due to signal overflow,
-			you might want to try "ulimit -i unlimited".
-
-			default: off.
-
-	printk.always_kmsg_dump=
-			Trigger kmsg_dump for cases other than kernel oops or
-			panics
-			Format: <bool>  (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
-			default: disabled
-
-	printk.devkmsg={on,off,ratelimit}
-			Control writing to /dev/kmsg.
-			on - unlimited logging to /dev/kmsg from userspace
-			off - logging to /dev/kmsg disabled
-			ratelimit - ratelimit the logging
-			Default: ratelimit
-
-	printk.time=	Show timing data prefixed to each printk message line
-			Format: <bool>  (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
-
-	processor.max_cstate=	[HW,ACPI]
-			Limit processor to maximum C-state
-			max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
-
-	processor.nocst	[HW,ACPI]
-			Ignore the _CST method to determine C-states,
-			instead using the legacy FADT method
-
-	profile=	[KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
-			Format: [schedule,]<number>
-			Param: "schedule" - profile schedule points.
-			Param: <number> - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
-				statistical time based profiling.
-			Param: "sleep" - profile D-state sleeping (millisecs).
-				Requires CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
-			Param: "kvm" - profile VM exits.
-
-	prompt_ramdisk=	[RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
-			before loading.
-			See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
-
-	psmouse.proto=	[HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
-			probe for; one of (bare|imps|exps|lifebook|any).
-	psmouse.rate=	[HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
-			per second.
-	psmouse.resetafter=	[HW,MOUSE]
-			Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
-			(0 = never).
-	psmouse.resolution=
-			[HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
-	psmouse.smartscroll=
-			[HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat.
-			0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
-
-	pstore.backend=	Specify the name of the pstore backend to use
-
-	pt.		[PARIDE]
-			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
-
-	pty.legacy_count=
-			[KNL] Number of legacy pty's. Overwrites compiled-in
-			default number.
-
-	quiet		[KNL] Disable most log messages
-
-	r128=		[HW,DRM]
-
-	raid=		[HW,RAID]
-			See Documentation/admin-guide/md.rst.
-
-	ramdisk_size=	[RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
-			See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
-
-	rcu_nocbs=	[KNL]
-			The argument is a cpu list, as described above.
-
-			In kernels built with CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=y, set
-			the specified list of CPUs to be no-callback CPUs.
-			Invocation of these CPUs' RCU callbacks will
-			be offloaded to "rcuox/N" kthreads created for
-			that purpose, where "x" is "b" for RCU-bh, "p"
-			for RCU-preempt, and "s" for RCU-sched, and "N"
-			is the CPU number.  This reduces OS jitter on the
-			offloaded CPUs, which can be useful for HPC and
-			real-time workloads.  It can also improve energy
-			efficiency for asymmetric multiprocessors.
-
-	rcu_nocb_poll	[KNL]
-			Rather than requiring that offloaded CPUs
-			(specified by rcu_nocbs= above) explicitly
-			awaken the corresponding "rcuoN" kthreads,
-			make these kthreads poll for callbacks.
-			This improves the real-time response for the
-			offloaded CPUs by relieving them of the need to
-			wake up the corresponding kthread, but degrades
-			energy efficiency by requiring that the kthreads
-			periodically wake up to do the polling.
-
-	rcutree.blimit=	[KNL]
-			Set maximum number of finished RCU callbacks to
-			process in one batch.
-
-	rcutree.dump_tree=	[KNL]
-			Dump the structure of the rcu_node combining tree
-			out at early boot.  This is used for diagnostic
-			purposes, to verify correct tree setup.
-
-	rcutree.gp_cleanup_delay=	[KNL]
-			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
-			RCU grace-period cleanup.  This only has effect
-			when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_CLEANUP is set.
-
-	rcutree.gp_init_delay=	[KNL]
-			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
-			RCU grace-period initialization.  This only has
-			effect when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_INIT
-			is set.
-
-	rcutree.gp_preinit_delay=	[KNL]
-			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
-			RCU grace-period pre-initialization, that is,
-			the propagation of recent CPU-hotplug changes up
-			the rcu_node combining tree.  This only has effect
-			when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_PREINIT is set.
-
-	rcutree.rcu_fanout_exact= [KNL]
-			Disable autobalancing of the rcu_node combining
-			tree.  This is used by rcutorture, and might
-			possibly be useful for architectures having high
-			cache-to-cache transfer latencies.
-
-	rcutree.rcu_fanout_leaf= [KNL]
-			Change the number of CPUs assigned to each
-			leaf rcu_node structure.  Useful for very
-			large systems, which will choose the value 64,
-			and for NUMA systems with large remote-access
-			latencies, which will choose a value aligned
-			with the appropriate hardware boundaries.
-
-	rcutree.jiffies_till_sched_qs= [KNL]
-			Set required age in jiffies for a
-			given grace period before RCU starts
-			soliciting quiescent-state help from
-			rcu_note_context_switch().
-
-	rcutree.jiffies_till_first_fqs= [KNL]
-			Set delay from grace-period initialization to
-			first attempt to force quiescent states.
-			Units are jiffies, minimum value is zero,
-			and maximum value is HZ.
-
-	rcutree.jiffies_till_next_fqs= [KNL]
-			Set delay between subsequent attempts to force
-			quiescent states.  Units are jiffies, minimum
-			value is one, and maximum value is HZ.
-
-	rcutree.kthread_prio= 	 [KNL,BOOT]
-			Set the SCHED_FIFO priority of the RCU per-CPU
-			kthreads (rcuc/N). This value is also used for
-			the priority of the RCU boost threads (rcub/N)
-			and for the RCU grace-period kthreads (rcu_bh,
-			rcu_preempt, and rcu_sched). If RCU_BOOST is
-			set, valid values are 1-99 and the default is 1
-			(the least-favored priority).  Otherwise, when
-			RCU_BOOST is not set, valid values are 0-99 and
-			the default is zero (non-realtime operation).
-
-	rcutree.rcu_nocb_leader_stride= [KNL]
-			Set the number of NOCB kthread groups, which
-			defaults to the square root of the number of
-			CPUs.  Larger numbers reduces the wakeup overhead
-			on the per-CPU grace-period kthreads, but increases
-			that same overhead on each group's leader.
-
-	rcutree.qhimark= [KNL]
-			Set threshold of queued RCU callbacks beyond which
-			batch limiting is disabled.
-
-	rcutree.qlowmark= [KNL]
-			Set threshold of queued RCU callbacks below which
-			batch limiting is re-enabled.
-
-	rcutree.rcu_idle_gp_delay= [KNL]
-			Set wakeup interval for idle CPUs that have
-			RCU callbacks (RCU_FAST_NO_HZ=y).
-
-	rcutree.rcu_idle_lazy_gp_delay= [KNL]
-			Set wakeup interval for idle CPUs that have
-			only "lazy" RCU callbacks (RCU_FAST_NO_HZ=y).
-			Lazy RCU callbacks are those which RCU can
-			prove do nothing more than free memory.
-
-	rcuperf.gp_exp= [KNL]
-			Measure performance of expedited synchronous
-			grace-period primitives.
-
-	rcuperf.holdoff= [KNL]
-			Set test-start holdoff period.  The purpose of
-			this parameter is to delay the start of the
-			test until boot completes in order to avoid
-			interference.
-
-	rcuperf.nreaders= [KNL]
-			Set number of RCU readers.  The value -1 selects
-			N, where N is the number of CPUs.  A value
-			"n" less than -1 selects N-n+1, where N is again
-			the number of CPUs.  For example, -2 selects N
-			(the number of CPUs), -3 selects N+1, and so on.
-			A value of "n" less than or equal to -N selects
-			a single reader.
-
-	rcuperf.nwriters= [KNL]
-			Set number of RCU writers.  The values operate
-			the same as for rcuperf.nreaders.
-			N, where N is the number of CPUs
-
-	rcuperf.perf_runnable= [BOOT]
-			Start rcuperf running at boot time.
-
-	rcuperf.shutdown= [KNL]
-			Shut the system down after performance tests
-			complete.  This is useful for hands-off automated
-			testing.
-
-	rcuperf.perf_type= [KNL]
-			Specify the RCU implementation to test.
-
-	rcuperf.verbose= [KNL]
-			Enable additional printk() statements.
-
-	rcutorture.cbflood_inter_holdoff= [KNL]
-			Set holdoff time (jiffies) between successive
-			callback-flood tests.
-
-	rcutorture.cbflood_intra_holdoff= [KNL]
-			Set holdoff time (jiffies) between successive
-			bursts of callbacks within a given callback-flood
-			test.
-
-	rcutorture.cbflood_n_burst= [KNL]
-			Set the number of bursts making up a given
-			callback-flood test.  Set this to zero to
-			disable callback-flood testing.
-
-	rcutorture.cbflood_n_per_burst= [KNL]
-			Set the number of callbacks to be registered
-			in a given burst of a callback-flood test.
-
-	rcutorture.fqs_duration= [KNL]
-			Set duration of force_quiescent_state bursts
-			in microseconds.
-
-	rcutorture.fqs_holdoff= [KNL]
-			Set holdoff time within force_quiescent_state bursts
-			in microseconds.
-
-	rcutorture.fqs_stutter= [KNL]
-			Set wait time between force_quiescent_state bursts
-			in seconds.
-
-	rcutorture.gp_cond= [KNL]
-			Use conditional/asynchronous update-side
-			primitives, if available.
-
-	rcutorture.gp_exp= [KNL]
-			Use expedited update-side primitives, if available.
-
-	rcutorture.gp_normal= [KNL]
-			Use normal (non-expedited) asynchronous
-			update-side primitives, if available.
-
-	rcutorture.gp_sync= [KNL]
-			Use normal (non-expedited) synchronous
-			update-side primitives, if available.  If all
-			of rcutorture.gp_cond=, rcutorture.gp_exp=,
-			rcutorture.gp_normal=, and rcutorture.gp_sync=
-			are zero, rcutorture acts as if is interpreted
-			they are all non-zero.
-
-	rcutorture.n_barrier_cbs= [KNL]
-			Set callbacks/threads for rcu_barrier() testing.
-
-	rcutorture.nfakewriters= [KNL]
-			Set number of concurrent RCU writers.  These just
-			stress RCU, they don't participate in the actual
-			test, hence the "fake".
-
-	rcutorture.nreaders= [KNL]
-			Set number of RCU readers.  The value -1 selects
-			N-1, where N is the number of CPUs.  A value
-			"n" less than -1 selects N-n-2, where N is again
-			the number of CPUs.  For example, -2 selects N
-			(the number of CPUs), -3 selects N+1, and so on.
-
-	rcutorture.object_debug= [KNL]
-			Enable debug-object double-call_rcu() testing.
-
-	rcutorture.onoff_holdoff= [KNL]
-			Set time (s) after boot for CPU-hotplug testing.
-
-	rcutorture.onoff_interval= [KNL]
-			Set time (s) between CPU-hotplug operations, or
-			zero to disable CPU-hotplug testing.
-
-	rcutorture.shuffle_interval= [KNL]
-			Set task-shuffle interval (s).  Shuffling tasks
-			allows some CPUs to go into dyntick-idle mode
-			during the rcutorture test.
-
-	rcutorture.shutdown_secs= [KNL]
-			Set time (s) after boot system shutdown.  This
-			is useful for hands-off automated testing.
-
-	rcutorture.stall_cpu= [KNL]
-			Duration of CPU stall (s) to test RCU CPU stall
-			warnings, zero to disable.
-
-	rcutorture.stall_cpu_holdoff= [KNL]
-			Time to wait (s) after boot before inducing stall.
-
-	rcutorture.stat_interval= [KNL]
-			Time (s) between statistics printk()s.
-
-	rcutorture.stutter= [KNL]
-			Time (s) to stutter testing, for example, specifying
-			five seconds causes the test to run for five seconds,
-			wait for five seconds, and so on.  This tests RCU's
-			ability to transition abruptly to and from idle.
-
-	rcutorture.test_boost= [KNL]
-			Test RCU priority boosting?  0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.
-			"Maybe" means test if the RCU implementation
-			under test support RCU priority boosting.
-
-	rcutorture.test_boost_duration= [KNL]
-			Duration (s) of each individual boost test.
-
-	rcutorture.test_boost_interval= [KNL]
-			Interval (s) between each boost test.
-
-	rcutorture.test_no_idle_hz= [KNL]
-			Test RCU's dyntick-idle handling.  See also the
-			rcutorture.shuffle_interval parameter.
-
-	rcutorture.torture_runnable= [BOOT]
-			Start rcutorture running at boot time.
-
-	rcutorture.torture_type= [KNL]
-			Specify the RCU implementation to test.
-
-	rcutorture.verbose= [KNL]
-			Enable additional printk() statements.
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_cpu_stall_suppress= [KNL]
-			Suppress RCU CPU stall warning messages.
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_cpu_stall_timeout= [KNL]
-			Set timeout for RCU CPU stall warning messages.
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_expedited= [KNL]
-			Use expedited grace-period primitives, for
-			example, synchronize_rcu_expedited() instead
-			of synchronize_rcu().  This reduces latency,
-			but can increase CPU utilization, degrade
-			real-time latency, and degrade energy efficiency.
-			No effect on CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_normal= [KNL]
-			Use only normal grace-period primitives,
-			for example, synchronize_rcu() instead of
-			synchronize_rcu_expedited().  This improves
-			real-time latency, CPU utilization, and
-			energy efficiency, but can expose users to
-			increased grace-period latency.  This parameter
-			overrides rcupdate.rcu_expedited.  No effect on
-			CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_normal_after_boot= [KNL]
-			Once boot has completed (that is, after
-			rcu_end_inkernel_boot() has been invoked), use
-			only normal grace-period primitives.  No effect
-			on CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_task_stall_timeout= [KNL]
-			Set timeout in jiffies for RCU task stall warning
-			messages.  Disable with a value less than or equal
-			to zero.
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_self_test= [KNL]
-			Run the RCU early boot self tests
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_self_test_bh= [KNL]
-			Run the RCU bh early boot self tests
-
-	rcupdate.rcu_self_test_sched= [KNL]
-			Run the RCU sched early boot self tests
-
-	rdinit=		[KNL]
-			Format: <full_path>
-			Run specified binary instead of /init from the ramdisk,
-			used for early userspace startup. See initrd.
-
-	reboot=		[KNL]
-			Format (x86 or x86_64):
-				[w[arm] | c[old] | h[ard] | s[oft] | g[pio]] \
-				[[,]s[mp]#### \
-				[[,]b[ios] | a[cpi] | k[bd] | t[riple] | e[fi] | p[ci]] \
-				[[,]f[orce]
-			Where reboot_mode is one of warm (soft) or cold (hard) or gpio,
-			      reboot_type is one of bios, acpi, kbd, triple, efi, or pci,
-			      reboot_force is either force or not specified,
-			      reboot_cpu is s[mp]#### with #### being the processor
-					to be used for rebooting.
-
-	relax_domain_level=
-			[KNL, SMP] Set scheduler's default relax_domain_level.
-			See Documentation/cgroup-v1/cpusets.txt.
-
-	relative_sleep_states=
-			[SUSPEND] Use sleep state labeling where the deepest
-			state available other than hibernation is always "mem".
-			Format: { "0" | "1" }
-			0 -- Traditional sleep state labels.
-			1 -- Relative sleep state labels.
-
-	reserve=	[KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
-
-	reservetop=	[X86-32]
-			Format: nn[KMG]
-			Reserves a hole at the top of the kernel virtual
-			address space.
-
-	reservelow=	[X86]
-			Format: nn[K]
-			Set the amount of memory to reserve for BIOS at
-			the bottom of the address space.
-
-	reset_devices	[KNL] Force drivers to reset the underlying device
-			during initialization.
-
-	resume=		[SWSUSP]
-			Specify the partition device for software suspend
-			Format:
-			{/dev/<dev> | PARTUUID=<uuid> | <int>:<int> | <hex>}
-
-	resume_offset=	[SWSUSP]
-			Specify the offset from the beginning of the partition
-			given by "resume=" at which the swap header is located,
-			in <PAGE_SIZE> units (needed only for swap files).
-			See  Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt
-
-	resumedelay=	[HIBERNATION] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
-			read the resume files
-
-	resumewait	[HIBERNATION] Wait (indefinitely) for resume device to show up.
-			Useful for devices that are detected asynchronously
-			(e.g. USB and MMC devices).
-
-	hibernate=	[HIBERNATION]
-		noresume	Don't check if there's a hibernation image
-				present during boot.
-		nocompress	Don't compress/decompress hibernation images.
-		no		Disable hibernation and resume.
-		protect_image	Turn on image protection during restoration
-				(that will set all pages holding image data
-				during restoration read-only).
-
-	retain_initrd	[RAM] Keep initrd memory after extraction
-
-	rfkill.default_state=
-		0	"airplane mode".  All wifi, bluetooth, wimax, gps, fm,
-			etc. communication is blocked by default.
-		1	Unblocked.
-
-	rfkill.master_switch_mode=
-		0	The "airplane mode" button does nothing.
-		1	The "airplane mode" button toggles between everything
-			blocked and the previous configuration.
-		2	The "airplane mode" button toggles between everything
-			blocked and everything unblocked.
-
-	rhash_entries=	[KNL,NET]
-			Set number of hash buckets for route cache
-
-	ro		[KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
-
-	rodata=		[KNL]
-		on	Mark read-only kernel memory as read-only (default).
-		off	Leave read-only kernel memory writable for debugging.
-
-	rockchip.usb_uart
-			Enable the uart passthrough on the designated usb port
-			on Rockchip SoCs. When active, the signals of the
-			debug-uart get routed to the D+ and D- pins of the usb
-			port and the regular usb controller gets disabled.
-
-	root=		[KNL] Root filesystem
-			See name_to_dev_t comment in init/do_mounts.c.
-
-	rootdelay=	[KNL] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
-			mount the root filesystem
-
-	rootflags=	[KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
-
-	rootfstype=	[KNL] Set root filesystem type
-
-	rootwait	[KNL] Wait (indefinitely) for root device to show up.
-			Useful for devices that are detected asynchronously
-			(e.g. USB and MMC devices).
-
-	rproc_mem=nn[KMG][@address]
-			[KNL,ARM,CMA] Remoteproc physical memory block.
-			Memory area to be used by remote processor image,
-			managed by CMA.
-
-	rw		[KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
-
-	S		[KNL] Run init in single mode
-
-	s390_iommu=	[HW,S390]
-			Set s390 IOTLB flushing mode
-		strict
-			With strict flushing every unmap operation will result in
-			an IOTLB flush. Default is lazy flushing before reuse,
-			which is faster.
-
-	sa1100ir	[NET]
-			See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
-
-	sbni=		[NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
-
-	sched_debug	[KNL] Enables verbose scheduler debug messages.
-
-	schedstats=	[KNL,X86] Enable or disable scheduled statistics.
-			Allowed values are enable and disable. This feature
-			incurs a small amount of overhead in the scheduler
-			but is useful for debugging and performance tuning.
-
-	skew_tick=	[KNL] Offset the periodic timer tick per cpu to mitigate
-			xtime_lock contention on larger systems, and/or RCU lock
-			contention on all systems with CONFIG_MAXSMP set.
-			Format: { "0" | "1" }
-			0 -- disable. (may be 1 via CONFIG_CMDLINE="skew_tick=1"
-			1 -- enable.
-			Note: increases power consumption, thus should only be
-			enabled if running jitter sensitive (HPC/RT) workloads.
-
-	security=	[SECURITY] Choose a security module to enable at boot.
-			If this boot parameter is not specified, only the first
-			security module asking for security registration will be
-			loaded. An invalid security module name will be treated
-			as if no module has been chosen.
-
-	selinux=	[SELINUX] Disable or enable SELinux at boot time.
-			Format: { "0" | "1" }
-			See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
-			0 -- disable.
-			1 -- enable.
-			Default value is set via kernel config option.
-			If enabled at boot time, /selinux/disable can be used
-			later to disable prior to initial policy load.
-
-	apparmor=	[APPARMOR] Disable or enable AppArmor at boot time
-			Format: { "0" | "1" }
-			See security/apparmor/Kconfig help text
-			0 -- disable.
-			1 -- enable.
-			Default value is set via kernel config option.
-
-	serialnumber	[BUGS=X86-32]
-
-	shapers=	[NET]
-			Maximal number of shapers.
-
-	show_msr=	[x86] show boot-time MSR settings
-			Format: { <integer> }
-			Show boot-time (BIOS-initialized) MSR settings.
-			The parameter means the number of CPUs to show,
-			for example 1 means boot CPU only.
-
-	simeth=		[IA-64]
-	simscsi=
-
-	slram=		[HW,MTD]
-
-	slab_nomerge	[MM]
-			Disable merging of slabs with similar size. May be
-			necessary if there is some reason to distinguish
-			allocs to different slabs. Debug options disable
-			merging on their own.
-			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
-
-	slab_max_order=	[MM, SLAB]
-			Determines the maximum allowed order for slabs.
-			A high setting may cause OOMs due to memory
-			fragmentation.  Defaults to 1 for systems with
-			more than 32MB of RAM, 0 otherwise.
-
-	slub_debug[=options[,slabs]]	[MM, SLUB]
-			Enabling slub_debug allows one to determine the
-			culprit if slab objects become corrupted. Enabling
-			slub_debug can create guard zones around objects and
-			may poison objects when not in use. Also tracks the
-			last alloc / free. For more information see
-			Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
-
-	slub_max_order= [MM, SLUB]
-			Determines the maximum allowed order for slabs.
-			A high setting may cause OOMs due to memory
-			fragmentation. For more information see
-			Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
-
-	slub_min_objects=	[MM, SLUB]
-			The minimum number of objects per slab. SLUB will
-			increase the slab order up to slub_max_order to
-			generate a sufficiently large slab able to contain
-			the number of objects indicated. The higher the number
-			of objects the smaller the overhead of tracking slabs
-			and the less frequently locks need to be acquired.
-			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
-
-	slub_min_order=	[MM, SLUB]
-			Determines the minimum page order for slabs. Must be
-			lower than slub_max_order.
-			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
-
-	slub_nomerge	[MM, SLUB]
-			Same with slab_nomerge. This is supported for legacy.
-			See slab_nomerge for more information.
-
-	smart2=		[HW]
-			Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
-
-	smsc-ircc2.nopnp	[HW] Don't use PNP to discover SMC devices
-	smsc-ircc2.ircc_cfg=	[HW] Device configuration I/O port
-	smsc-ircc2.ircc_sir=	[HW] SIR base I/O port
-	smsc-ircc2.ircc_fir=	[HW] FIR base I/O port
-	smsc-ircc2.ircc_irq=	[HW] IRQ line
-	smsc-ircc2.ircc_dma=	[HW] DMA channel
-	smsc-ircc2.ircc_transceiver= [HW] Transceiver type:
-				0: Toshiba Satellite 1800 (GP data pin select)
-				1: Fast pin select (default)
-				2: ATC IRMode
-
-	smt		[KNL,S390] Set the maximum number of threads (logical
-			CPUs) to use per physical CPU on systems capable of
-			symmetric multithreading (SMT). Will be capped to the
-			actual hardware limit.
-			Format: <integer>
-			Default: -1 (no limit)
-
-	softlockup_panic=
-			[KNL] Should the soft-lockup detector generate panics.
-			Format: <integer>
-
-	softlockup_all_cpu_backtrace=
-			[KNL] Should the soft-lockup detector generate
-			backtraces on all cpus.
-			Format: <integer>
-
-	sonypi.*=	[HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
-			See Documentation/laptops/sonypi.txt
-
-	spia_io_base=	[HW,MTD]
-	spia_fio_base=
-	spia_pedr=
-	spia_peddr=
-
-	stacktrace	[FTRACE]
-			Enabled the stack tracer on boot up.
-
-	stacktrace_filter=[function-list]
-			[FTRACE] Limit the functions that the stack tracer
-			will trace at boot up. function-list is a comma separated
-			list of functions. This list can be changed at run
-			time by the stack_trace_filter file in the debugfs
-			tracing directory. Note, this enables stack tracing
-			and the stacktrace above is not needed.
-
-	sti=		[PARISC,HW]
-			Format: <num>
-			Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
-			machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
-			as the initial boot-console.
-			See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
-
-	sti_font=	[HW]
-			See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
-
-	stifb=		[HW]
-			Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
-
-	sunrpc.min_resvport=
-	sunrpc.max_resvport=
-			[NFS,SUNRPC]
-			SunRPC servers often require that client requests
-			originate from a privileged port (i.e. a port in the
-			range 0 < portnr < 1024).
-			An administrator who wishes to reserve some of these
-			ports for other uses may adjust the range that the
-			kernel's sunrpc client considers to be privileged
-			using these two parameters to set the minimum and
-			maximum port values.
-
-	sunrpc.svc_rpc_per_connection_limit=
-			[NFS,SUNRPC]
-			Limit the number of requests that the server will
-			process in parallel from a single connection.
-			The default value is 0 (no limit).
-
-	sunrpc.pool_mode=
-			[NFS]
-			Control how the NFS server code allocates CPUs to
-			service thread pools.  Depending on how many NICs
-			you have and where their interrupts are bound, this
-			option will affect which CPUs will do NFS serving.
-			Note: this parameter cannot be changed while the
-			NFS server is running.
-
-			auto	    the server chooses an appropriate mode
-				    automatically using heuristics
-			global	    a single global pool contains all CPUs
-			percpu	    one pool for each CPU
-			pernode	    one pool for each NUMA node (equivalent
-				    to global on non-NUMA machines)
-
-	sunrpc.tcp_slot_table_entries=
-	sunrpc.udp_slot_table_entries=
-			[NFS,SUNRPC]
-			Sets the upper limit on the number of simultaneous
-			RPC calls that can be sent from the client to a
-			server. Increasing these values may allow you to
-			improve throughput, but will also increase the
-			amount of memory reserved for use by the client.
-
-	suspend.pm_test_delay=
-			[SUSPEND]
-			Sets the number of seconds to remain in a suspend test
-			mode before resuming the system (see
-			/sys/power/pm_test). Only available when CONFIG_PM_DEBUG
-			is set. Default value is 5.
-
-	swapaccount=[0|1]
-			[KNL] Enable accounting of swap in memory resource
-			controller if no parameter or 1 is given or disable
-			it if 0 is given (See Documentation/cgroup-v1/memory.txt)
-
-	swiotlb=	[ARM,IA-64,PPC,MIPS,X86]
-			Format: { <int> | force }
-			<int> -- Number of I/O TLB slabs
-			force -- force using of bounce buffers even if they
-			         wouldn't be automatically used by the kernel
-
-	switches=	[HW,M68k]
-
-	sysfs.deprecated=0|1 [KNL]
-			Enable/disable old style sysfs layout for old udev
-			on older distributions. When this option is enabled
-			very new udev will not work anymore. When this option
-			is disabled (or CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED not compiled)
-			in older udev will not work anymore.
-			Default depends on CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2 set in
-			the kernel configuration.
-
-	sysrq_always_enabled
-			[KNL]
-			Ignore sysrq setting - this boot parameter will
-			neutralize any effect of /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq.
-			Useful for debugging.
-
-	tcpmhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
-			Set the number of tcp_metrics_hash slots.
-			Default value is 8192 or 16384 depending on total
-			ram pages. This is used to specify the TCP metrics
-			cache size. See Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
-			"tcp_no_metrics_save" section for more details.
-
-	tdfx=		[HW,DRM]
-
-	test_suspend=	[SUSPEND][,N]
-			Specify "mem" (for Suspend-to-RAM) or "standby" (for
-			standby suspend) or "freeze" (for suspend type freeze)
-			as the system sleep state during system startup with
-			the optional capability to repeat N number of times.
-			The system is woken from this state using a
-			wakeup-capable RTC alarm.
-
-	thash_entries=	[KNL,NET]
-			Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
-
-	thermal.act=	[HW,ACPI]
-			-1: disable all active trip points in all thermal zones
-			<degrees C>: override all lowest active trip points
-
-	thermal.crt=	[HW,ACPI]
-			-1: disable all critical trip points in all thermal zones
-			<degrees C>: override all critical trip points
-
-	thermal.nocrt=	[HW,ACPI]
-			Set to disable actions on ACPI thermal zone
-			critical and hot trip points.
-
-	thermal.off=	[HW,ACPI]
-			1: disable ACPI thermal control
-
-	thermal.psv=	[HW,ACPI]
-			-1: disable all passive trip points
-			<degrees C>: override all passive trip points to this
-			value
-
-	thermal.tzp=	[HW,ACPI]
-			Specify global default ACPI thermal zone polling rate
-			<deci-seconds>: poll all this frequency
-			0: no polling (default)
-
-	threadirqs	[KNL]
-			Force threading of all interrupt handlers except those
-			marked explicitly IRQF_NO_THREAD.
-
-	tmem		[KNL,XEN]
-			Enable the Transcendent memory driver if built-in.
-
-	tmem.cleancache=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
-			Default is on (1). Disable the usage of the cleancache
-			API to send anonymous pages to the hypervisor.
-
-	tmem.frontswap=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
-			Default is on (1). Disable the usage of the frontswap
-			API to send swap pages to the hypervisor. If disabled
-			the selfballooning and selfshrinking are force disabled.
-
-	tmem.selfballooning=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
-			Default is on (1). Disable the driving of swap pages
-			to the hypervisor.
-
-	tmem.selfshrinking=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
-			Default is on (1). Partial swapoff that immediately
-			transfers pages from Xen hypervisor back to the
-			kernel based on different criteria.
-
-	topology=	[S390]
-			Format: {off | on}
-			Specify if the kernel should make use of the cpu
-			topology information if the hardware supports this.
-			The scheduler will make use of this information and
-			e.g. base its process migration decisions on it.
-			Default is on.
-
-	topology_updates= [KNL, PPC, NUMA]
-			Format: {off}
-			Specify if the kernel should ignore (off)
-			topology updates sent by the hypervisor to this
-			LPAR.
-
-	tp720=		[HW,PS2]
-
-	tpm_suspend_pcr=[HW,TPM]
-			Format: integer pcr id
-			Specify that at suspend time, the tpm driver
-			should extend the specified pcr with zeros,
-			as a workaround for some chips which fail to
-			flush the last written pcr on TPM_SaveState.
-			This will guarantee that all the other pcrs
-			are saved.
-
-	trace_buf_size=nn[KMG]
-			[FTRACE] will set tracing buffer size on each cpu.
-
-	trace_event=[event-list]
-			[FTRACE] Set and start specified trace events in order
-			to facilitate early boot debugging. The event-list is a
-			comma separated list of trace events to enable. See
-			also Documentation/trace/events.txt
-
-	trace_options=[option-list]
-			[FTRACE] Enable or disable tracer options at boot.
-			The option-list is a comma delimited list of options
-			that can be enabled or disabled just as if you were
-			to echo the option name into
-
-			    /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_options
-
-			For example, to enable stacktrace option (to dump the
-			stack trace of each event), add to the command line:
-
-			      trace_options=stacktrace
-
-			See also Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt "trace options"
-			section.
-
-	tp_printk[FTRACE]
-			Have the tracepoints sent to printk as well as the
-			tracing ring buffer. This is useful for early boot up
-			where the system hangs or reboots and does not give the
-			option for reading the tracing buffer or performing a
-			ftrace_dump_on_oops.
-
-			To turn off having tracepoints sent to printk,
-			 echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/tracepoint_printk
-			Note, echoing 1 into this file without the
-			tracepoint_printk kernel cmdline option has no effect.
-
-			** CAUTION **
-
-			Having tracepoints sent to printk() and activating high
-			frequency tracepoints such as irq or sched, can cause
-			the system to live lock.
-
-	traceoff_on_warning
-			[FTRACE] enable this option to disable tracing when a
-			warning is hit. This turns off "tracing_on". Tracing can
-			be enabled again by echoing '1' into the "tracing_on"
-			file located in /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/
-
-			This option is useful, as it disables the trace before
-			the WARNING dump is called, which prevents the trace to
-			be filled with content caused by the warning output.
-
-			This option can also be set at run time via the sysctl
-			option:  kernel/traceoff_on_warning
-
-	transparent_hugepage=
-			[KNL]
-			Format: [always|madvise|never]
-			Can be used to control the default behavior of the system
-			with respect to transparent hugepages.
-			See Documentation/vm/transhuge.txt for more details.
-
-	tsc=		Disable clocksource stability checks for TSC.
-			Format: <string>
-			[x86] reliable: mark tsc clocksource as reliable, this
-			disables clocksource verification at runtime, as well
-			as the stability checks done at bootup.	Used to enable
-			high-resolution timer mode on older hardware, and in
-			virtualized environment.
-			[x86] noirqtime: Do not use TSC to do irq accounting.
-			Used to run time disable IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING on any
-			platforms where RDTSC is slow and this accounting
-			can add overhead.
-
-	turbografx.map[2|3]=	[HW,JOY]
-			TurboGraFX parallel port interface
-			Format:
-			<port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
-			See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
-
-	udbg-immortal	[PPC] When debugging early kernel crashes that
-			happen after console_init() and before a proper
-			console driver takes over, this boot options might
-			help "seeing" what's going on.
-
-	uhash_entries=	[KNL,NET]
-			Set number of hash buckets for UDP/UDP-Lite connections
-
-	uhci-hcd.ignore_oc=
-			[USB] Ignore overcurrent events (default N).
-			Some badly-designed motherboards generate lots of
-			bogus events, for ports that aren't wired to
-			anything.  Set this parameter to avoid log spamming.
-			Note that genuine overcurrent events won't be
-			reported either.
-
-	unknown_nmi_panic
-			[X86] Cause panic on unknown NMI.
-
-	usbcore.authorized_default=
-			[USB] Default USB device authorization:
-			(default -1 = authorized except for wireless USB,
-			0 = not authorized, 1 = authorized)
-
-	usbcore.autosuspend=
-			[USB] The autosuspend time delay (in seconds) used
-			for newly-detected USB devices (default 2).  This
-			is the time required before an idle device will be
-			autosuspended.  Devices for which the delay is set
-			to a negative value won't be autosuspended at all.
-
-	usbcore.usbfs_snoop=
-			[USB] Set to log all usbfs traffic (default 0 = off).
-
-	usbcore.usbfs_snoop_max=
-			[USB] Maximum number of bytes to snoop in each URB
-			(default = 65536).
-
-	usbcore.blinkenlights=
-			[USB] Set to cycle leds on hubs (default 0 = off).
-
-	usbcore.old_scheme_first=
-			[USB] Start with the old device initialization
-			scheme (default 0 = off).
-
-	usbcore.usbfs_memory_mb=
-			[USB] Memory limit (in MB) for buffers allocated by
-			usbfs (default = 16, 0 = max = 2047).
-
-	usbcore.use_both_schemes=
-			[USB] Try the other device initialization scheme
-			if the first one fails (default 1 = enabled).
-
-	usbcore.initial_descriptor_timeout=
-			[USB] Specifies timeout for the initial 64-byte
-                        USB_REQ_GET_DESCRIPTOR request in milliseconds
-			(default 5000 = 5.0 seconds).
-
-	usbcore.nousb	[USB] Disable the USB subsystem
-
-	usbhid.mousepoll=
-			[USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at.
-
-	usb-storage.delay_use=
-			[UMS] The delay in seconds before a new device is
-			scanned for Logical Units (default 1).
-
-	usb-storage.quirks=
-			[UMS] A list of quirks entries to supplement or
-			override the built-in unusual_devs list.  List
-			entries are separated by commas.  Each entry has
-			the form VID:PID:Flags where VID and PID are Vendor
-			and Product ID values (4-digit hex numbers) and
-			Flags is a set of characters, each corresponding
-			to a common usb-storage quirk flag as follows:
-				a = SANE_SENSE (collect more than 18 bytes
-					of sense data);
-				b = BAD_SENSE (don't collect more than 18
-					bytes of sense data);
-				c = FIX_CAPACITY (decrease the reported
-					device capacity by one sector);
-				d = NO_READ_DISC_INFO (don't use
-					READ_DISC_INFO command);
-				e = NO_READ_CAPACITY_16 (don't use
-					READ_CAPACITY_16 command);
-				f = NO_REPORT_OPCODES (don't use report opcodes
-					command, uas only);
-				g = MAX_SECTORS_240 (don't transfer more than
-					240 sectors at a time, uas only);
-				h = CAPACITY_HEURISTICS (decrease the
-					reported device capacity by one
-					sector if the number is odd);
-				i = IGNORE_DEVICE (don't bind to this
-					device);
-				j = NO_REPORT_LUNS (don't use report luns
-					command, uas only);
-				l = NOT_LOCKABLE (don't try to lock and
-					unlock ejectable media);
-				m = MAX_SECTORS_64 (don't transfer more
-					than 64 sectors = 32 KB at a time);
-				n = INITIAL_READ10 (force a retry of the
-					initial READ(10) command);
-				o = CAPACITY_OK (accept the capacity
-					reported by the device);
-				p = WRITE_CACHE (the device cache is ON
-					by default);
-				r = IGNORE_RESIDUE (the device reports
-					bogus residue values);
-				s = SINGLE_LUN (the device has only one
-					Logical Unit);
-				t = NO_ATA_1X (don't allow ATA(12) and ATA(16)
-					commands, uas only);
-				u = IGNORE_UAS (don't bind to the uas driver);
-				w = NO_WP_DETECT (don't test whether the
-					medium is write-protected).
-				y = ALWAYS_SYNC (issue a SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE
-					even if the device claims no cache)
-			Example: quirks=0419:aaf5:rl,0421:0433:rc
-
-	user_debug=	[KNL,ARM]
-			Format: <int>
-			See arch/arm/Kconfig.debug help text.
-				 1 - undefined instruction events
-				 2 - system calls
-				 4 - invalid data aborts
-				 8 - SIGSEGV faults
-				16 - SIGBUS faults
-			Example: user_debug=31
-
-	userpte=
-			[X86] Flags controlling user PTE allocations.
-
-				nohigh = do not allocate PTE pages in
-					HIGHMEM regardless of setting
-					of CONFIG_HIGHPTE.
-
-	vdso=		[X86,SH]
-			On X86_32, this is an alias for vdso32=.  Otherwise:
-
-			vdso=1: enable VDSO (the default)
-			vdso=0: disable VDSO mapping
-
-	vdso32=		[X86] Control the 32-bit vDSO
-			vdso32=1: enable 32-bit VDSO
-			vdso32=0 or vdso32=2: disable 32-bit VDSO
-
-			See the help text for CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO for more
-			details.  If CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO is set, the default is
-			vdso32=0; otherwise, the default is vdso32=1.
-
-			For compatibility with older kernels, vdso32=2 is an
-			alias for vdso32=0.
-
-			Try vdso32=0 if you encounter an error that says:
-			dl_main: Assertion `(void *) ph->p_vaddr == _rtld_local._dl_sysinfo_dso' failed!
-
-	vector=		[IA-64,SMP]
-			vector=percpu: enable percpu vector domain
-
-	video=		[FB] Frame buffer configuration
-			See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
-
-	video.brightness_switch_enabled= [0,1]
-			If set to 1, on receiving an ACPI notify event
-			generated by hotkey, video driver will adjust brightness
-			level and then send out the event to user space through
-			the allocated input device; If set to 0, video driver
-			will only send out the event without touching backlight
-			brightness level.
-			default: 1
-
-	virtio_mmio.device=
-			[VMMIO] Memory mapped virtio (platform) device.
-
-				<size>@<baseaddr>:<irq>[:<id>]
-			where:
-				<size>     := size (can use standard suffixes
-						like K, M and G)
-				<baseaddr> := physical base address
-				<irq>      := interrupt number (as passed to
-						request_irq())
-				<id>       := (optional) platform device id
-			example:
-				virtio_mmio.device=1K@0x100b0000:48:7
-
-			Can be used multiple times for multiple devices.
-
-	vga=		[BOOT,X86-32] Select a particular video mode
-			See Documentation/x86/boot.txt and
-			Documentation/svga.txt.
-			Use vga=ask for menu.
-			This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
-			passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
-
-	vmalloc=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT] Forces the vmalloc area to have an exact
-			size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the
-			minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to
-			decrease the size and leave more room for directly
-			mapped kernel RAM.
-
-	vmhalt=		[KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after system halt.
-			Format: <command>
-
-	vmpanic=	[KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after kernel panic.
-			Format: <command>
-
-	vmpoff=		[KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after power off.
-			Format: <command>
-
-	vsyscall=	[X86-64]
-			Controls the behavior of vsyscalls (i.e. calls to
-			fixed addresses of 0xffffffffff600x00 from legacy
-			code).  Most statically-linked binaries and older
-			versions of glibc use these calls.  Because these
-			functions are at fixed addresses, they make nice
-			targets for exploits that can control RIP.
-
-			emulate     [default] Vsyscalls turn into traps and are
-			            emulated reasonably safely.
-
-			native      Vsyscalls are native syscall instructions.
-			            This is a little bit faster than trapping
-			            and makes a few dynamic recompilers work
-			            better than they would in emulation mode.
-			            It also makes exploits much easier to write.
-
-			none        Vsyscalls don't work at all.  This makes
-			            them quite hard to use for exploits but
-			            might break your system.
-
-	vt.color=	[VT] Default text color.
-			Format: 0xYX, X = foreground, Y = background.
-			Default: 0x07 = light gray on black.
-
-	vt.cur_default=	[VT] Default cursor shape.
-			Format: 0xCCBBAA, where AA, BB, and CC are the same as
-			the parameters of the <Esc>[?A;B;Cc escape sequence;
-			see VGA-softcursor.txt. Default: 2 = underline.
-
-	vt.default_blu=	[VT]
-			Format: <blue0>,<blue1>,<blue2>,...,<blue15>
-			Change the default blue palette of the console.
-			This is a 16-member array composed of values
-			ranging from 0-255.
-
-	vt.default_grn=	[VT]
-			Format: <green0>,<green1>,<green2>,...,<green15>
-			Change the default green palette of the console.
-			This is a 16-member array composed of values
-			ranging from 0-255.
-
-	vt.default_red=	[VT]
-			Format: <red0>,<red1>,<red2>,...,<red15>
-			Change the default red palette of the console.
-			This is a 16-member array composed of values
-			ranging from 0-255.
-
-	vt.default_utf8=
-			[VT]
-			Format=<0|1>
-			Set system-wide default UTF-8 mode for all tty's.
-			Default is 1, i.e. UTF-8 mode is enabled for all
-			newly opened terminals.
-
-	vt.global_cursor_default=
-			[VT]
-			Format=<-1|0|1>
-			Set system-wide default for whether a cursor
-			is shown on new VTs. Default is -1,
-			i.e. cursors will be created by default unless
-			overridden by individual drivers. 0 will hide
-			cursors, 1 will display them.
-
-	vt.italic=	[VT] Default color for italic text; 0-15.
-			Default: 2 = green.
-
-	vt.underline=	[VT] Default color for underlined text; 0-15.
-			Default: 3 = cyan.
-
-	watchdog timers	[HW,WDT] For information on watchdog timers,
-			see Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-parameters.txt
-			or other driver-specific files in the
-			Documentation/watchdog/ directory.
-
-	workqueue.watchdog_thresh=
-			If CONFIG_WQ_WATCHDOG is configured, workqueue can
-			warn stall conditions and dump internal state to
-			help debugging.  0 disables workqueue stall
-			detection; otherwise, it's the stall threshold
-			duration in seconds.  The default value is 30 and
-			it can be updated at runtime by writing to the
-			corresponding sysfs file.
-
-	workqueue.disable_numa
-			By default, all work items queued to unbound
-			workqueues are affine to the NUMA nodes they're
-			issued on, which results in better behavior in
-			general.  If NUMA affinity needs to be disabled for
-			whatever reason, this option can be used.  Note
-			that this also can be controlled per-workqueue for
-			workqueues visible under /sys/bus/workqueue/.
-
-	workqueue.power_efficient
-			Per-cpu workqueues are generally preferred because
-			they show better performance thanks to cache
-			locality; unfortunately, per-cpu workqueues tend to
-			be more power hungry than unbound workqueues.
-
-			Enabling this makes the per-cpu workqueues which
-			were observed to contribute significantly to power
-			consumption unbound, leading to measurably lower
-			power usage at the cost of small performance
-			overhead.
-
-			The default value of this parameter is determined by
-			the config option CONFIG_WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT_DEFAULT.
-
-	workqueue.debug_force_rr_cpu
-			Workqueue used to implicitly guarantee that work
-			items queued without explicit CPU specified are put
-			on the local CPU.  This guarantee is no longer true
-			and while local CPU is still preferred work items
-			may be put on foreign CPUs.  This debug option
-			forces round-robin CPU selection to flush out
-			usages which depend on the now broken guarantee.
-			When enabled, memory and cache locality will be
-			impacted.
-
-	x2apic_phys	[X86-64,APIC] Use x2apic physical mode instead of
-			default x2apic cluster mode on platforms
-			supporting x2apic.
-
-	x86_intel_mid_timer= [X86-32,APBT]
-			Choose timer option for x86 Intel MID platform.
-			Two valid options are apbt timer only and lapic timer
-			plus one apbt timer for broadcast timer.
-			x86_intel_mid_timer=apbt_only | lapic_and_apbt
-
-	xen_512gb_limit		[KNL,X86-64,XEN]
-			Restricts the kernel running paravirtualized under Xen
-			to use only up to 512 GB of RAM. The reason to do so is
-			crash analysis tools and Xen tools for doing domain
-			save/restore/migration must be enabled to handle larger
-			domains.
-
-	xen_emul_unplug=		[HW,X86,XEN]
-			Unplug Xen emulated devices
-			Format: [unplug0,][unplug1]
-			ide-disks -- unplug primary master IDE devices
-			aux-ide-disks -- unplug non-primary-master IDE devices
-			nics -- unplug network devices
-			all -- unplug all emulated devices (NICs and IDE disks)
-			unnecessary -- unplugging emulated devices is
-				unnecessary even if the host did not respond to
-				the unplug protocol
-			never -- do not unplug even if version check succeeds
-
-	xen_nopvspin	[X86,XEN]
-			Disables the ticketlock slowpath using Xen PV
-			optimizations.
-
-	xen_nopv	[X86]
-			Disables the PV optimizations forcing the HVM guest to
-			run as generic HVM guest with no PV drivers.
-
-	xirc2ps_cs=	[NET,PCMCIA]
-			Format:
-			<irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
-
-------------------------
+.. include:: kernel-parameters.txt
+   :literal:
 
 Todo
 ----

Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4367 @@
+	acpi=		[HW,ACPI,X86,ARM64]
+			Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
+			Format: { force | on | off | strict | noirq | rsdt |
+				  copy_dsdt }
+			force -- enable ACPI if default was off
+			on -- enable ACPI but allow fallback to DT [arm64]
+			off -- disable ACPI if default was on
+			noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
+			strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
+				strictly ACPI specification compliant.
+			rsdt -- prefer RSDT over (default) XSDT
+			copy_dsdt -- copy DSDT to memory
+			For ARM64, ONLY "acpi=off", "acpi=on" or "acpi=force"
+			are available
+
+			See also Documentation/power/runtime_pm.txt, pci=noacpi
+
+	acpi_apic_instance=	[ACPI, IOAPIC]
+			Format: <int>
+			2: use 2nd APIC table, if available
+			1,0: use 1st APIC table
+			default: 0
+
+	acpi_backlight=	[HW,ACPI]
+			acpi_backlight=vendor
+			acpi_backlight=video
+			If set to vendor, prefer vendor specific driver
+			(e.g. thinkpad_acpi, sony_acpi, etc.) instead
+			of the ACPI video.ko driver.
+
+	acpi_force_32bit_fadt_addr
+			force FADT to use 32 bit addresses rather than the
+			64 bit X_* addresses. Some firmware have broken 64
+			bit addresses for force ACPI ignore these and use
+			the older legacy 32 bit addresses.
+
+	acpica_no_return_repair [HW, ACPI]
+			Disable AML predefined validation mechanism
+			This mechanism can repair the evaluation result to make
+			the return objects more ACPI specification compliant.
+			This option is useful for developers to identify the
+			root cause of an AML interpreter issue when the issue
+			has something to do with the repair mechanism.
+
+	acpi.debug_layer=	[HW,ACPI,ACPI_DEBUG]
+	acpi.debug_level=	[HW,ACPI,ACPI_DEBUG]
+			Format: <int>
+			CONFIG_ACPI_DEBUG must be enabled to produce any ACPI
+			debug output.  Bits in debug_layer correspond to a
+			_COMPONENT in an ACPI source file, e.g.,
+			    #define _COMPONENT ACPI_PCI_COMPONENT
+			Bits in debug_level correspond to a level in
+			ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT statements, e.g.,
+			    ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_INFO, ...
+			The debug_level mask defaults to "info".  See
+			Documentation/acpi/debug.txt for more information about
+			debug layers and levels.
+
+			Enable processor driver info messages:
+			    acpi.debug_layer=0x20000000
+			Enable PCI/PCI interrupt routing info messages:
+			    acpi.debug_layer=0x400000
+			Enable AML "Debug" output, i.e., stores to the Debug
+			object while interpreting AML:
+			    acpi.debug_layer=0xffffffff acpi.debug_level=0x2
+			Enable all messages related to ACPI hardware:
+			    acpi.debug_layer=0x2 acpi.debug_level=0xffffffff
+
+			Some values produce so much output that the system is
+			unusable.  The "log_buf_len" parameter may be useful
+			if you need to capture more output.
+
+	acpi_enforce_resources=	[ACPI]
+			{ strict | lax | no }
+			Check for resource conflicts between native drivers
+			and ACPI OperationRegions (SystemIO and SystemMemory
+			only). IO ports and memory declared in ACPI might be
+			used by the ACPI subsystem in arbitrary AML code and
+			can interfere with legacy drivers.
+			strict (default): access to resources claimed by ACPI
+			is denied; legacy drivers trying to access reserved
+			resources will fail to bind to device using them.
+			lax: access to resources claimed by ACPI is allowed;
+			legacy drivers trying to access reserved resources
+			will bind successfully but a warning message is logged.
+			no: ACPI OperationRegions are not marked as reserved,
+			no further checks are performed.
+
+	acpi_force_table_verification	[HW,ACPI]
+			Enable table checksum verification during early stage.
+			By default, this is disabled due to x86 early mapping
+			size limitation.
+
+	acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI]
+			ACPI will balance active IRQs
+			default in APIC mode
+
+	acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI]
+			ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
+			default in PIC mode
+
+	acpi_irq_isa=	[HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, mark listed IRQs used by ISA
+			Format: <irq>,<irq>...
+
+	acpi_irq_pci=	[HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, clear listed IRQs for
+			use by PCI
+			Format: <irq>,<irq>...
+
+	acpi_no_auto_serialize	[HW,ACPI]
+			Disable auto-serialization of AML methods
+			AML control methods that contain the opcodes to create
+			named objects will be marked as "Serialized" by the
+			auto-serialization feature.
+			This feature is enabled by default.
+			This option allows to turn off the feature.
+
+	acpi_no_memhotplug [ACPI] Disable memory hotplug.  Useful for kdump
+			   kernels.
+
+	acpi_no_static_ssdt	[HW,ACPI]
+			Disable installation of static SSDTs at early boot time
+			By default, SSDTs contained in the RSDT/XSDT will be
+			installed automatically and they will appear under
+			/sys/firmware/acpi/tables.
+			This option turns off this feature.
+			Note that specifying this option does not affect
+			dynamic table installation which will install SSDT
+			tables to /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/dynamic.
+
+	acpi_rsdp=	[ACPI,EFI,KEXEC]
+			Pass the RSDP address to the kernel, mostly used
+			on machines running EFI runtime service to boot the
+			second kernel for kdump.
+
+	acpi_os_name=	[HW,ACPI] Tell ACPI BIOS the name of the OS
+			Format: To spoof as Windows 98: ="Microsoft Windows"
+
+	acpi_rev_override [ACPI] Override the _REV object to return 5 (instead
+			of 2 which is mandated by ACPI 6) as the supported ACPI
+			specification revision (when using this switch, it may
+			be necessary to carry out a cold reboot _twice_ in a
+			row to make it take effect on the platform firmware).
+
+	acpi_osi=	[HW,ACPI] Modify list of supported OS interface strings
+			acpi_osi="string1"	# add string1
+			acpi_osi="!string2"	# remove string2
+			acpi_osi=!*		# remove all strings
+			acpi_osi=!		# disable all built-in OS vendor
+						  strings
+			acpi_osi=!!		# enable all built-in OS vendor
+						  strings
+			acpi_osi=		# disable all strings
+
+			'acpi_osi=!' can be used in combination with single or
+			multiple 'acpi_osi="string1"' to support specific OS
+			vendor string(s).  Note that such command can only
+			affect the default state of the OS vendor strings, thus
+			it cannot affect the default state of the feature group
+			strings and the current state of the OS vendor strings,
+			specifying it multiple times through kernel command line
+			is meaningless.  This command is useful when one do not
+			care about the state of the feature group strings which
+			should be controlled by the OSPM.
+			Examples:
+			  1. 'acpi_osi=! acpi_osi="Windows 2000"' is equivalent
+			     to 'acpi_osi="Windows 2000" acpi_osi=!', they all
+			     can make '_OSI("Windows 2000")' TRUE.
+
+			'acpi_osi=' cannot be used in combination with other
+			'acpi_osi=' command lines, the _OSI method will not
+			exist in the ACPI namespace.  NOTE that such command can
+			only affect the _OSI support state, thus specifying it
+			multiple times through kernel command line is also
+			meaningless.
+			Examples:
+			  1. 'acpi_osi=' can make 'CondRefOf(_OSI, Local1)'
+			     FALSE.
+
+			'acpi_osi=!*' can be used in combination with single or
+			multiple 'acpi_osi="string1"' to support specific
+			string(s).  Note that such command can affect the
+			current state of both the OS vendor strings and the
+			feature group strings, thus specifying it multiple times
+			through kernel command line is meaningful.  But it may
+			still not able to affect the final state of a string if
+			there are quirks related to this string.  This command
+			is useful when one want to control the state of the
+			feature group strings to debug BIOS issues related to
+			the OSPM features.
+			Examples:
+			  1. 'acpi_osi="Module Device" acpi_osi=!*' can make
+			     '_OSI("Module Device")' FALSE.
+			  2. 'acpi_osi=!* acpi_osi="Module Device"' can make
+			     '_OSI("Module Device")' TRUE.
+			  3. 'acpi_osi=! acpi_osi=!* acpi_osi="Windows 2000"' is
+			     equivalent to
+			     'acpi_osi=!* acpi_osi=! acpi_osi="Windows 2000"'
+			     and
+			     'acpi_osi=!* acpi_osi="Windows 2000" acpi_osi=!',
+			     they all will make '_OSI("Windows 2000")' TRUE.
+
+	acpi_pm_good	[X86]
+			Override the pmtimer bug detection: force the kernel
+			to assume that this machine's pmtimer latches its value
+			and always returns good values.
+
+	acpi_sci=	[HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
+			Format: { level | edge | high | low }
+
+	acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
+			Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
+			For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
+
+	acpi_sleep=	[HW,ACPI] Sleep options
+			Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode, s3_beep, s4_nohwsig,
+				  old_ordering, nonvs, sci_force_enable }
+			See Documentation/power/video.txt for information on
+			s3_bios and s3_mode.
+			s3_beep is for debugging; it makes the PC's speaker beep
+			as soon as the kernel's real-mode entry point is called.
+			s4_nohwsig prevents ACPI hardware signature from being
+			used during resume from hibernation.
+			old_ordering causes the ACPI 1.0 ordering of the _PTS
+			control method, with respect to putting devices into
+			low power states, to be enforced (the ACPI 2.0 ordering
+			of _PTS is used by default).
+			nonvs prevents the kernel from saving/restoring the
+			ACPI NVS memory during suspend/hibernation and resume.
+			sci_force_enable causes the kernel to set SCI_EN directly
+			on resume from S1/S3 (which is against the ACPI spec,
+			but some broken systems don't work without it).
+
+	acpi_use_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
+			Use timer override. For some broken Nvidia NF5 boards
+			that require a timer override, but don't have HPET
+
+	add_efi_memmap	[EFI; X86] Include EFI memory map in
+			kernel's map of available physical RAM.
+
+	agp=		[AGP]
+			{ off | try_unsupported }
+			off: disable AGP support
+			try_unsupported: try to drive unsupported chipsets
+				(may crash computer or cause data corruption)
+
+	ALSA		[HW,ALSA]
+			See Documentation/sound/alsa/alsa-parameters.txt
+
+	alignment=	[KNL,ARM]
+			Allow the default userspace alignment fault handler
+			behaviour to be specified.  Bit 0 enables warnings,
+			bit 1 enables fixups, and bit 2 sends a segfault.
+
+	align_va_addr=	[X86-64]
+			Align virtual addresses by clearing slice [14:12] when
+			allocating a VMA at process creation time. This option
+			gives you up to 3% performance improvement on AMD F15h
+			machines (where it is enabled by default) for a
+			CPU-intensive style benchmark, and it can vary highly in
+			a microbenchmark depending on workload and compiler.
+
+			32: only for 32-bit processes
+			64: only for 64-bit processes
+			on: enable for both 32- and 64-bit processes
+			off: disable for both 32- and 64-bit processes
+
+	alloc_snapshot	[FTRACE]
+			Allocate the ftrace snapshot buffer on boot up when the
+			main buffer is allocated. This is handy if debugging
+			and you need to use tracing_snapshot() on boot up, and
+			do not want to use tracing_snapshot_alloc() as it needs
+			to be done where GFP_KERNEL allocations are allowed.
+
+	amd_iommu=	[HW,X86-64]
+			Pass parameters to the AMD IOMMU driver in the system.
+			Possible values are:
+			fullflush - enable flushing of IO/TLB entries when
+				    they are unmapped. Otherwise they are
+				    flushed before they will be reused, which
+				    is a lot of faster
+			off	  - do not initialize any AMD IOMMU found in
+				    the system
+			force_isolation - Force device isolation for all
+					  devices. The IOMMU driver is not
+					  allowed anymore to lift isolation
+					  requirements as needed. This option
+					  does not override iommu=pt
+
+	amd_iommu_dump=	[HW,X86-64]
+			Enable AMD IOMMU driver option to dump the ACPI table
+			for AMD IOMMU. With this option enabled, AMD IOMMU
+			driver will print ACPI tables for AMD IOMMU during
+			IOMMU initialization.
+
+	amd_iommu_intr=	[HW,X86-64]
+			Specifies one of the following AMD IOMMU interrupt
+			remapping modes:
+			legacy     - Use legacy interrupt remapping mode.
+			vapic      - Use virtual APIC mode, which allows IOMMU
+			             to inject interrupts directly into guest.
+			             This mode requires kvm-amd.avic=1.
+			             (Default when IOMMU HW support is present.)
+
+	amijoy.map=	[HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
+			Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
+			Format: <a>,<b>
+			See also Documentation/input/joystick.txt
+
+	analog.map=	[HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
+			Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
+			connected to one of 16 gameports
+			Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
+
+	apc=		[HW,SPARC]
+			Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
+			Format: noidle
+			Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
+			not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
+			APC and your system crashes randomly.
+
+	apic=		[APIC,X86-32] Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
+			Change the output verbosity whilst booting
+			Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug }
+			Change the amount of debugging information output
+			when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components.
+
+	apic_extnmi=	[APIC,X86] External NMI delivery setting
+			Format: { bsp (default) | all | none }
+			bsp:  External NMI is delivered only to CPU 0
+			all:  External NMIs are broadcast to all CPUs as a
+			      backup of CPU 0
+			none: External NMI is masked for all CPUs. This is
+			      useful so that a dump capture kernel won't be
+			      shot down by NMI
+
+	autoconf=	[IPV6]
+			See Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt.
+
+	show_lapic=	[APIC,X86] Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
+			Limit apic dumping. The parameter defines the maximal
+			number of local apics being dumped. Also it is possible
+			to set it to "all" by meaning -- no limit here.
+			Format: { 1 (default) | 2 | ... | all }.
+			The parameter valid if only apic=debug or
+			apic=verbose is specified.
+			Example: apic=debug show_lapic=all
+
+	apm=		[APM] Advanced Power Management
+			See header of arch/x86/kernel/apm_32.c.
+
+	arcrimi=	[HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
+			Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
+
+	ataflop=	[HW,M68k]
+
+	atarimouse=	[HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
+
+	atkbd.extra=	[HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess,
+			EzKey and similar keyboards
+
+	atkbd.reset=	[HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
+
+	atkbd.set=	[HW] Select keyboard code set
+			Format: <int> (2 = AT (default), 3 = PS/2)
+
+	atkbd.scroll=	[HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar
+			keyboards
+
+	atkbd.softraw=	[HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode
+			Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default))
+
+	atkbd.softrepeat= [HW]
+			Use software keyboard repeat
+
+	audit=		[KNL] Enable the audit sub-system
+			Format: { "0" | "1" } (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled)
+			0 - kernel audit is disabled and can not be enabled
+			    until the next reboot
+			unset - kernel audit is initialized but disabled and
+			    will be fully enabled by the userspace auditd.
+			1 - kernel audit is initialized and partially enabled,
+			    storing at most audit_backlog_limit messages in
+			    RAM until it is fully enabled by the userspace
+			    auditd.
+			Default: unset
+
+	audit_backlog_limit= [KNL] Set the audit queue size limit.
+			Format: <int> (must be >=0)
+			Default: 64
+
+	bau=		[X86_UV] Enable the BAU on SGI UV.  The default
+			behavior is to disable the BAU (i.e. bau=0).
+			Format: { "0" | "1" }
+			0 - Disable the BAU.
+			1 - Enable the BAU.
+			unset - Disable the BAU.
+
+	baycom_epp=	[HW,AX25]
+			Format: <io>,<mode>
+
+	baycom_par=	[HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
+			Format: <io>,<mode>
+			See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
+
+	baycom_ser_fdx=	[HW,AX25]
+			BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
+			Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
+			See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
+
+	baycom_ser_hdx=	[HW,AX25]
+			BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
+			Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
+			See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
+
+	blkdevparts=	Manual partition parsing of block device(s) for
+			embedded devices based on command line input.
+			See Documentation/block/cmdline-partition.txt
+
+	boot_delay=	Milliseconds to delay each printk during boot.
+			Values larger than 10 seconds (10000) are changed to
+			no delay (0).
+			Format: integer
+
+	bootmem_debug	[KNL] Enable bootmem allocator debug messages.
+
+	bert_disable	[ACPI]
+			Disable BERT OS support on buggy BIOSes.
+
+	bttv.card=	[HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
+	bttv.radio=	Most important insmod options are available as
+			kernel args too.
+	bttv.pll=	See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
+	bttv.tuner=
+
+	bulk_remove=off	[PPC]  This parameter disables the use of the pSeries
+			firmware feature for flushing multiple hpte entries
+			at a time.
+
+	c101=		[NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
+
+	cachesize=	[BUGS=X86-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
+			Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
+			size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
+			to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
+			possible to determine what the correct size should be.
+			This option provides an override for these situations.
+
+	ca_keys=	[KEYS] This parameter identifies a specific key(s) on
+			the system trusted keyring to be used for certificate
+			trust validation.
+			format: { id:<keyid> | builtin }
+
+	cca=		[MIPS] Override the kernel pages' cache coherency
+			algorithm.  Accepted values range from 0 to 7
+			inclusive. See arch/mips/include/asm/pgtable-bits.h
+			for platform specific values (SB1, Loongson3 and
+			others).
+
+	ccw_timeout_log [S390]
+			See Documentation/s390/CommonIO for details.
+
+	cgroup_disable= [KNL] Disable a particular controller
+			Format: {name of the controller(s) to disable}
+			The effects of cgroup_disable=foo are:
+			- foo isn't auto-mounted if you mount all cgroups in
+			  a single hierarchy
+			- foo isn't visible as an individually mountable
+			  subsystem
+			{Currently only "memory" controller deal with this and
+			cut the overhead, others just disable the usage. So
+			only cgroup_disable=memory is actually worthy}
+
+	cgroup_no_v1=	[KNL] Disable one, multiple, all cgroup controllers in v1
+			Format: { controller[,controller...] | "all" }
+			Like cgroup_disable, but only applies to cgroup v1;
+			the blacklisted controllers remain available in cgroup2.
+
+	cgroup.memory=	[KNL] Pass options to the cgroup memory controller.
+			Format: <string>
+			nosocket -- Disable socket memory accounting.
+			nokmem -- Disable kernel memory accounting.
+
+	checkreqprot	[SELINUX] Set initial checkreqprot flag value.
+			Format: { "0" | "1" }
+			See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
+			0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes
+				any implied execute protection).
+			1 -- check protection requested by application.
+			Default value is set via a kernel config option.
+			Value can be changed at runtime via
+				/selinux/checkreqprot.
+
+	cio_ignore=	[S390]
+			See Documentation/s390/CommonIO for details.
+	clk_ignore_unused
+			[CLK]
+			Prevents the clock framework from automatically gating
+			clocks that have not been explicitly enabled by a Linux
+			device driver but are enabled in hardware at reset or
+			by the bootloader/firmware. Note that this does not
+			force such clocks to be always-on nor does it reserve
+			those clocks in any way. This parameter is useful for
+			debug and development, but should not be needed on a
+			platform with proper driver support.  For more
+			information, see Documentation/clk.txt.
+
+	clock=		[BUGS=X86-32, HW] gettimeofday clocksource override.
+			[Deprecated]
+			Forces specified clocksource (if available) to be used
+			when calculating gettimeofday(). If specified
+			clocksource is not available, it defaults to PIT.
+			Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
+
+	clocksource=	Override the default clocksource
+			Format: <string>
+			Override the default clocksource and use the clocksource
+			with the name specified.
+			Some clocksource names to choose from, depending on
+			the platform:
+			[all] jiffies (this is the base, fallback clocksource)
+			[ACPI] acpi_pm
+			[ARM] imx_timer1,OSTS,netx_timer,mpu_timer2,
+				pxa_timer,timer3,32k_counter,timer0_1
+			[AVR32] avr32
+			[X86-32] pit,hpet,tsc;
+				scx200_hrt on Geode; cyclone on IBM x440
+			[MIPS] MIPS
+			[PARISC] cr16
+			[S390] tod
+			[SH] SuperH
+			[SPARC64] tick
+			[X86-64] hpet,tsc
+
+	clocksource.arm_arch_timer.evtstrm=
+			[ARM,ARM64]
+			Format: <bool>
+			Enable/disable the eventstream feature of the ARM
+			architected timer so that code using WFE-based polling
+			loops can be debugged more effectively on production
+			systems.
+
+	clocksource.arm_arch_timer.fsl-a008585=
+			[ARM64]
+			Format: <bool>
+			Enable/disable the workaround of Freescale/NXP
+			erratum A-008585.  This can be useful for KVM
+			guests, if the guest device tree doesn't show the
+			erratum.  If unspecified, the workaround is
+			enabled based on the device tree.
+
+	clearcpuid=BITNUM [X86]
+			Disable CPUID feature X for the kernel. See
+			arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h for the valid bit
+			numbers. Note the Linux specific bits are not necessarily
+			stable over kernel options, but the vendor specific
+			ones should be.
+			Also note that user programs calling CPUID directly
+			or using the feature without checking anything
+			will still see it. This just prevents it from
+			being used by the kernel or shown in /proc/cpuinfo.
+			Also note the kernel might malfunction if you disable
+			some critical bits.
+
+	cma=nn[MG]@[start[MG][-end[MG]]]
+			[ARM,X86,KNL]
+			Sets the size of kernel global memory area for
+			contiguous memory allocations and optionally the
+			placement constraint by the physical address range of
+			memory allocations. A value of 0 disables CMA
+			altogether. For more information, see
+			include/linux/dma-contiguous.h
+
+	cmo_free_hint=	[PPC] Format: { yes | no }
+			Specify whether pages are marked as being inactive
+			when they are freed.  This is used in CMO environments
+			to determine OS memory pressure for page stealing by
+			a hypervisor.
+			Default: yes
+
+	coherent_pool=nn[KMG]	[ARM,KNL]
+			Sets the size of memory pool for coherent, atomic dma
+			allocations, by default set to 256K.
+
+	code_bytes	[X86] How many bytes of object code to print
+			in an oops report.
+			Range: 0 - 8192
+			Default: 64
+
+	com20020=	[HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
+			Format:
+			<io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
+
+	com90io=	[HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
+			Format: <io>[,<irq>]
+
+	com90xx=	[HW,NET]
+			ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
+			Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
+
+	condev=		[HW,S390] console device
+	conmode=
+
+	console=	[KNL] Output console device and options.
+
+		tty<n>	Use the virtual console device <n>.
+
+		ttyS<n>[,options]
+		ttyUSB0[,options]
+			Use the specified serial port.  The options are of
+			the form "bbbbpnf", where "bbbb" is the baud rate,
+			"p" is parity ("n", "o", or "e"), "n" is number of
+			bits, and "f" is flow control ("r" for RTS or
+			omit it).  Default is "9600n8".
+
+			See Documentation/admin-guide/serial-console.rst for more
+			information.  See
+			Documentation/networking/netconsole.txt for an
+			alternative.
+
+		uart[8250],io,<addr>[,options]
+		uart[8250],mmio,<addr>[,options]
+		uart[8250],mmio16,<addr>[,options]
+		uart[8250],mmio32,<addr>[,options]
+		uart[8250],0x<addr>[,options]
+			Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
+			UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address,
+			switching to the matching ttyS device later.
+			MMIO inter-register address stride is either 8-bit
+			(mmio), 16-bit (mmio16), or 32-bit (mmio32).
+			If none of [io|mmio|mmio16|mmio32], <addr> is assumed
+			to be equivalent to 'mmio'. 'options' are specified in
+			the same format described for ttyS above; if unspecified,
+			the h/w is not re-initialized.
+
+		hvc<n>	Use the hypervisor console device <n>. This is for
+			both Xen and PowerPC hypervisors.
+
+                If the device connected to the port is not a TTY but a braille
+                device, prepend "brl," before the device type, for instance
+			console=brl,ttyS0
+		For now, only VisioBraille is supported.
+
+	consoleblank=	[KNL] The console blank (screen saver) timeout in
+			seconds. Defaults to 10*60 = 10mins. A value of 0
+			disables the blank timer.
+
+	coredump_filter=
+			[KNL] Change the default value for
+			/proc/<pid>/coredump_filter.
+			See also Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt.
+
+	cpuidle.off=1	[CPU_IDLE]
+			disable the cpuidle sub-system
+
+	cpu_init_udelay=N
+			[X86] Delay for N microsec between assert and de-assert
+			of APIC INIT to start processors.  This delay occurs
+			on every CPU online, such as boot, and resume from suspend.
+			Default: 10000
+
+	cpcihp_generic=	[HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
+			Format:
+			<first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
+
+	crashkernel=size[KMG][@offset[KMG]]
+			[KNL] Using kexec, Linux can switch to a 'crash kernel'
+			upon panic. This parameter reserves the physical
+			memory region [offset, offset + size] for that kernel
+			image. If '@offset' is omitted, then a suitable offset
+			is selected automatically. Check
+			Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for further details.
+
+	crashkernel=range1:size1[,range2:size2,...][@offset]
+			[KNL] Same as above, but depends on the memory
+			in the running system. The syntax of range is
+			start-[end] where start and end are both
+			a memory unit (amount[KMG]). See also
+			Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for an example.
+
+	crashkernel=size[KMG],high
+			[KNL, x86_64] range could be above 4G. Allow kernel
+			to allocate physical memory region from top, so could
+			be above 4G if system have more than 4G ram installed.
+			Otherwise memory region will be allocated below 4G, if
+			available.
+			It will be ignored if crashkernel=X is specified.
+	crashkernel=size[KMG],low
+			[KNL, x86_64] range under 4G. When crashkernel=X,high
+			is passed, kernel could allocate physical memory region
+			above 4G, that cause second kernel crash on system
+			that require some amount of low memory, e.g. swiotlb
+			requires at least 64M+32K low memory, also enough extra
+			low memory is needed to make sure DMA buffers for 32-bit
+			devices won't run out. Kernel would try to allocate at
+			at least 256M below 4G automatically.
+			This one let user to specify own low range under 4G
+			for second kernel instead.
+			0: to disable low allocation.
+			It will be ignored when crashkernel=X,high is not used
+			or memory reserved is below 4G.
+
+	cryptomgr.notests
+                        [KNL] Disable crypto self-tests
+
+	cs89x0_dma=	[HW,NET]
+			Format: <dma>
+
+	cs89x0_media=	[HW,NET]
+			Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
+
+	dasd=		[HW,NET]
+			See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
+
+	db9.dev[2|3]=	[HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
+			(one device per port)
+			Format: <port#>,<type>
+			See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
+
+	ddebug_query=   [KNL,DYNAMIC_DEBUG] Enable debug messages at early boot
+			time. See Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt for
+			details.  Deprecated, see dyndbg.
+
+	debug		[KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
+
+	debug_locks_verbose=
+			[KNL] verbose self-tests
+			Format=<0|1>
+			Print debugging info while doing the locking API
+			self-tests.
+			We default to 0 (no extra messages), setting it to
+			1 will print _a lot_ more information - normally
+			only useful to kernel developers.
+
+	debug_objects	[KNL] Enable object debugging
+
+	no_debug_objects
+			[KNL] Disable object debugging
+
+	debug_guardpage_minorder=
+			[KNL] When CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is set, this
+			parameter allows control of the order of pages that will
+			be intentionally kept free (and hence protected) by the
+			buddy allocator. Bigger value increase the probability
+			of catching random memory corruption, but reduce the
+			amount of memory for normal system use. The maximum
+			possible value is MAX_ORDER/2.  Setting this parameter
+			to 1 or 2 should be enough to identify most random
+			memory corruption problems caused by bugs in kernel or
+			driver code when a CPU writes to (or reads from) a
+			random memory location. Note that there exists a class
+			of memory corruptions problems caused by buggy H/W or
+			F/W or by drivers badly programing DMA (basically when
+			memory is written at bus level and the CPU MMU is
+			bypassed) which are not detectable by
+			CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, hence this option will not help
+			tracking down these problems.
+
+	debug_pagealloc=
+			[KNL] When CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is set, this
+			parameter enables the feature at boot time. In
+			default, it is disabled. We can avoid allocating huge
+			chunk of memory for debug pagealloc if we don't enable
+			it at boot time and the system will work mostly same
+			with the kernel built without CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC.
+			on: enable the feature
+
+	debugpat	[X86] Enable PAT debugging
+
+	decnet.addr=	[HW,NET]
+			Format: <area>[,<node>]
+			See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
+
+	default_hugepagesz=
+			[same as hugepagesz=] The size of the default
+			HugeTLB page size. This is the size represented by
+			the legacy /proc/ hugepages APIs, used for SHM, and
+			default size when mounting hugetlbfs filesystems.
+			Defaults to the default architecture's huge page size
+			if not specified.
+
+	dhash_entries=	[KNL]
+			Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
+
+	disable_1tb_segments [PPC]
+			Disables the use of 1TB hash page table segments. This
+			causes the kernel to fall back to 256MB segments which
+			can be useful when debugging issues that require an SLB
+			miss to occur.
+
+	disable=	[IPV6]
+			See Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt.
+
+	disable_radix	[PPC]
+			Disable RADIX MMU mode on POWER9
+
+	disable_cpu_apicid= [X86,APIC,SMP]
+			Format: <int>
+			The number of initial APIC ID for the
+			corresponding CPU to be disabled at boot,
+			mostly used for the kdump 2nd kernel to
+			disable BSP to wake up multiple CPUs without
+			causing system reset or hang due to sending
+			INIT from AP to BSP.
+
+	disable_ddw     [PPC/PSERIES]
+			Disable Dynamic DMA Window support. Use this if
+			to workaround buggy firmware.
+
+	disable_ipv6=	[IPV6]
+			See Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt.
+
+	disable_mtrr_cleanup [X86]
+			The kernel tries to adjust MTRR layout from continuous
+			to discrete, to make X server driver able to add WB
+			entry later. This parameter disables that.
+
+	disable_mtrr_trim [X86, Intel and AMD only]
+			By default the kernel will trim any uncacheable
+			memory out of your available memory pool based on
+			MTRR settings.  This parameter disables that behavior,
+			possibly causing your machine to run very slowly.
+
+	disable_timer_pin_1 [X86]
+			Disable PIN 1 of APIC timer
+			Can be useful to work around chipset bugs.
+
+	dis_ucode_ldr	[X86] Disable the microcode loader.
+
+	dma_debug=off	If the kernel is compiled with DMA_API_DEBUG support,
+			this option disables the debugging code at boot.
+
+	dma_debug_entries=<number>
+			This option allows to tune the number of preallocated
+			entries for DMA-API debugging code. One entry is
+			required per DMA-API allocation. Use this if the
+			DMA-API debugging code disables itself because the
+			architectural default is too low.
+
+	dma_debug_driver=<driver_name>
+			With this option the DMA-API debugging driver
+			filter feature can be enabled at boot time. Just
+			pass the driver to filter for as the parameter.
+			The filter can be disabled or changed to another
+			driver later using sysfs.
+
+	drm_kms_helper.edid_firmware=[<connector>:]<file>[,[<connector>:]<file>]
+			Broken monitors, graphic adapters, KVMs and EDIDless
+			panels may send no or incorrect EDID data sets.
+			This parameter allows to specify an EDID data sets
+			in the /lib/firmware directory that are used instead.
+			Generic built-in EDID data sets are used, if one of
+			edid/1024x768.bin, edid/1280x1024.bin,
+			edid/1680x1050.bin, or edid/1920x1080.bin is given
+			and no file with the same name exists. Details and
+			instructions how to build your own EDID data are
+			available in Documentation/EDID/HOWTO.txt. An EDID
+			data set will only be used for a particular connector,
+			if its name and a colon are prepended to the EDID
+			name. Each connector may use a unique EDID data
+			set by separating the files with a comma.  An EDID
+			data set with no connector name will be used for
+			any connectors not explicitly specified.
+
+	dscc4.setup=	[NET]
+
+	dyndbg[="val"]		[KNL,DYNAMIC_DEBUG]
+	module.dyndbg[="val"]
+			Enable debug messages at boot time.  See
+			Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt for details.
+
+	nompx		[X86] Disables Intel Memory Protection Extensions.
+			See Documentation/x86/intel_mpx.txt for more
+			information about the feature.
+
+	nopku		[X86] Disable Memory Protection Keys CPU feature found
+			in some Intel CPUs.
+
+	eagerfpu=	[X86]
+			on	enable eager fpu restore
+			off	disable eager fpu restore
+			auto	selects the default scheme, which automatically
+				enables eagerfpu restore for xsaveopt.
+
+	module.async_probe [KNL]
+			Enable asynchronous probe on this module.
+
+	early_ioremap_debug [KNL]
+			Enable debug messages in early_ioremap support. This
+			is useful for tracking down temporary early mappings
+			which are not unmapped.
+
+	earlycon=	[KNL] Output early console device and options.
+
+			When used with no options, the early console is
+			determined by the stdout-path property in device
+			tree's chosen node.
+
+		cdns,<addr>[,options]
+			Start an early, polled-mode console on a Cadence
+			(xuartps) serial port at the specified address. Only
+			supported option is baud rate. If baud rate is not
+			specified, the serial port must already be setup and
+			configured.
+
+		uart[8250],io,<addr>[,options]
+		uart[8250],mmio,<addr>[,options]
+		uart[8250],mmio32,<addr>[,options]
+		uart[8250],mmio32be,<addr>[,options]
+		uart[8250],0x<addr>[,options]
+			Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
+			UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address.
+			MMIO inter-register address stride is either 8-bit
+			(mmio) or 32-bit (mmio32 or mmio32be).
+			If none of [io|mmio|mmio32|mmio32be], <addr> is assumed
+			to be equivalent to 'mmio'. 'options' are specified
+			in the same format described for "console=ttyS<n>"; if
+			unspecified, the h/w is not initialized.
+
+		pl011,<addr>
+		pl011,mmio32,<addr>
+			Start an early, polled-mode console on a pl011 serial
+			port at the specified address. The pl011 serial port
+			must already be setup and configured. Options are not
+			yet supported.  If 'mmio32' is specified, then only
+			the driver will use only 32-bit accessors to read/write
+			the device registers.
+
+		meson,<addr>
+			Start an early, polled-mode console on a meson serial
+			port at the specified address. The serial port must
+			already be setup and configured. Options are not yet
+			supported.
+
+		msm_serial,<addr>
+			Start an early, polled-mode console on an msm serial
+			port at the specified address. The serial port
+			must already be setup and configured. Options are not
+			yet supported.
+
+		msm_serial_dm,<addr>
+			Start an early, polled-mode console on an msm serial
+			dm port at the specified address. The serial port
+			must already be setup and configured. Options are not
+			yet supported.
+
+		smh	Use ARM semihosting calls for early console.
+
+		s3c2410,<addr>
+		s3c2412,<addr>
+		s3c2440,<addr>
+		s3c6400,<addr>
+		s5pv210,<addr>
+		exynos4210,<addr>
+			Use early console provided by serial driver available
+			on Samsung SoCs, requires selecting proper type and
+			a correct base address of the selected UART port. The
+			serial port must already be setup and configured.
+			Options are not yet supported.
+
+		lpuart,<addr>
+		lpuart32,<addr>
+			Use early console provided by Freescale LP UART driver
+			found on Freescale Vybrid and QorIQ LS1021A processors.
+			A valid base address must be provided, and the serial
+			port must already be setup and configured.
+
+		armada3700_uart,<addr>
+			Start an early, polled-mode console on the
+			Armada 3700 serial port at the specified
+			address. The serial port must already be setup
+			and configured. Options are not yet supported.
+
+	earlyprintk=	[X86,SH,BLACKFIN,ARM,M68k]
+			earlyprintk=vga
+			earlyprintk=efi
+			earlyprintk=xen
+			earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
+			earlyprintk=serial[,0x...[,baudrate]]
+			earlyprintk=ttySn[,baudrate]
+			earlyprintk=dbgp[debugController#]
+			earlyprintk=pciserial,bus:device.function[,baudrate]
+
+			earlyprintk is useful when the kernel crashes before
+			the normal console is initialized. It is not enabled by
+			default because it has some cosmetic problems.
+
+			Append ",keep" to not disable it when the real console
+			takes over.
+
+			Only one of vga, efi, serial, or usb debug port can
+			be used at a time.
+
+			Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 may be specified by
+			name.  Other I/O ports may be explicitly specified
+			on some architectures (x86 and arm at least) by
+			replacing ttySn with an I/O port address, like this:
+				earlyprintk=serial,0x1008,115200
+			You can find the port for a given device in
+			/proc/tty/driver/serial:
+				2: uart:ST16650V2 port:00001008 irq:18 ...
+
+			Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
+			very good.
+
+			The VGA and EFI output is eventually overwritten by
+			the real console.
+
+			The xen output can only be used by Xen PV guests.
+
+	edac_report=	[HW,EDAC] Control how to report EDAC event
+			Format: {"on" | "off" | "force"}
+			on: enable EDAC to report H/W event. May be overridden
+			by other higher priority error reporting module.
+			off: disable H/W event reporting through EDAC.
+			force: enforce the use of EDAC to report H/W event.
+			default: on.
+
+	ekgdboc=	[X86,KGDB] Allow early kernel console debugging
+			ekgdboc=kbd
+
+			This is designed to be used in conjunction with
+			the boot argument: earlyprintk=vga
+
+	edd=		[EDD]
+			Format: {"off" | "on" | "skip[mbr]"}
+
+	efi=		[EFI]
+			Format: { "old_map", "nochunk", "noruntime", "debug" }
+			old_map [X86-64]: switch to the old ioremap-based EFI
+			runtime services mapping. 32-bit still uses this one by
+			default.
+			nochunk: disable reading files in "chunks" in the EFI
+			boot stub, as chunking can cause problems with some
+			firmware implementations.
+			noruntime : disable EFI runtime services support
+			debug: enable misc debug output
+
+	efi_no_storage_paranoia [EFI; X86]
+			Using this parameter you can use more than 50% of
+			your efi variable storage. Use this parameter only if
+			you are really sure that your UEFI does sane gc and
+			fulfills the spec otherwise your board may brick.
+
+	efi_fake_mem=	nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]:aa[,nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]:aa,..] [EFI; X86]
+			Add arbitrary attribute to specific memory range by
+			updating original EFI memory map.
+			Region of memory which aa attribute is added to is
+			from ss to ss+nn.
+			If efi_fake_mem=2G@4G:0x10000,2G@0x10a0000000:0x10000
+			is specified, EFI_MEMORY_MORE_RELIABLE(0x10000)
+			attribute is added to range 0x100000000-0x180000000 and
+			0x10a0000000-0x1120000000.
+
+			Using this parameter you can do debugging of EFI memmap
+			related feature. For example, you can do debugging of
+			Address Range Mirroring feature even if your box
+			doesn't support it.
+
+	efivar_ssdt=	[EFI; X86] Name of an EFI variable that contains an SSDT
+			that is to be dynamically loaded by Linux. If there are
+			multiple variables with the same name but with different
+			vendor GUIDs, all of them will be loaded. See
+			Documentation/acpi/ssdt-overlays.txt for details.
+
+
+	eisa_irq_edge=	[PARISC,HW]
+			See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
+
+	elanfreq=	[X86-32]
+			See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
+			arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
+
+	elevator=	[IOSCHED]
+			Format: {"cfq" | "deadline" | "noop"}
+			See Documentation/block/cfq-iosched.txt and
+			Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details.
+
+	elfcorehdr=[size[KMG]@]offset[KMG] [IA64,PPC,SH,X86,S390]
+			Specifies physical address of start of kernel core
+			image elf header and optionally the size. Generally
+			kexec loader will pass this option to capture kernel.
+			See Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for details.
+
+	enable_mtrr_cleanup [X86]
+			The kernel tries to adjust MTRR layout from continuous
+			to discrete, to make X server driver able to add WB
+			entry later. This parameter enables that.
+
+	enable_timer_pin_1 [X86]
+			Enable PIN 1 of APIC timer
+			Can be useful to work around chipset bugs
+			(in particular on some ATI chipsets).
+			The kernel tries to set a reasonable default.
+
+	enforcing	[SELINUX] Set initial enforcing status.
+			Format: {"0" | "1"}
+			See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
+			0 -- permissive (log only, no denials).
+			1 -- enforcing (deny and log).
+			Default value is 0.
+			Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/enforce.
+
+	erst_disable	[ACPI]
+			Disable Error Record Serialization Table (ERST)
+			support.
+
+	ether=		[HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
+			This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
+			has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
+
+	evm=		[EVM]
+			Format: { "fix" }
+			Permit 'security.evm' to be updated regardless of
+			current integrity status.
+
+	failslab=
+	fail_page_alloc=
+	fail_make_request=[KNL]
+			General fault injection mechanism.
+			Format: <interval>,<probability>,<space>,<times>
+			See also Documentation/fault-injection/.
+
+	floppy=		[HW]
+			See Documentation/blockdev/floppy.txt.
+
+	force_pal_cache_flush
+			[IA-64] Avoid check_sal_cache_flush which may hang on
+			buggy SAL_CACHE_FLUSH implementations. Using this
+			parameter will force ia64_sal_cache_flush to call
+			ia64_pal_cache_flush instead of SAL_CACHE_FLUSH.
+
+	forcepae [X86-32]
+			Forcefully enable Physical Address Extension (PAE).
+			Many Pentium M systems disable PAE but may have a
+			functionally usable PAE implementation.
+			Warning: use of this parameter will taint the kernel
+			and may cause unknown problems.
+
+	ftrace=[tracer]
+			[FTRACE] will set and start the specified tracer
+			as early as possible in order to facilitate early
+			boot debugging.
+
+	ftrace_dump_on_oops[=orig_cpu]
+			[FTRACE] will dump the trace buffers on oops.
+			If no parameter is passed, ftrace will dump
+			buffers of all CPUs, but if you pass orig_cpu, it will
+			dump only the buffer of the CPU that triggered the
+			oops.
+
+	ftrace_filter=[function-list]
+			[FTRACE] Limit the functions traced by the function
+			tracer at boot up. function-list is a comma separated
+			list of functions. This list can be changed at run
+			time by the set_ftrace_filter file in the debugfs
+			tracing directory.
+
+	ftrace_notrace=[function-list]
+			[FTRACE] Do not trace the functions specified in
+			function-list. This list can be changed at run time
+			by the set_ftrace_notrace file in the debugfs
+			tracing directory.
+
+	ftrace_graph_filter=[function-list]
+			[FTRACE] Limit the top level callers functions traced
+			by the function graph tracer at boot up.
+			function-list is a comma separated list of functions
+			that can be changed at run time by the
+			set_graph_function file in the debugfs tracing directory.
+
+	ftrace_graph_notrace=[function-list]
+			[FTRACE] Do not trace from the functions specified in
+			function-list.  This list is a comma separated list of
+			functions that can be changed at run time by the
+			set_graph_notrace file in the debugfs tracing directory.
+
+	gamecon.map[2|3]=
+			[HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
+			support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
+			Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
+			See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
+
+	gamma=		[HW,DRM]
+
+	gart_fix_e820=  [X86_64] disable the fix e820 for K8 GART
+			Format: off | on
+			default: on
+
+	gcov_persist=	[GCOV] When non-zero (default), profiling data for
+			kernel modules is saved and remains accessible via
+			debugfs, even when the module is unloaded/reloaded.
+			When zero, profiling data is discarded and associated
+			debugfs files are removed at module unload time.
+
+	gpt		[EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
+			invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT. If the
+			primary GPT is corrupted, it enables the backup/alternate
+			GPT to be used instead.
+
+	grcan.enable0=	[HW] Configuration of physical interface 0. Determines
+			the "Enable 0" bit of the configuration register.
+			Format: 0 | 1
+			Default: 0
+	grcan.enable1=	[HW] Configuration of physical interface 1. Determines
+			the "Enable 0" bit of the configuration register.
+			Format: 0 | 1
+			Default: 0
+	grcan.select=	[HW] Select which physical interface to use.
+			Format: 0 | 1
+			Default: 0
+	grcan.txsize=	[HW] Sets the size of the tx buffer.
+			Format: <unsigned int> such that (txsize & ~0x1fffc0) == 0.
+			Default: 1024
+	grcan.rxsize=	[HW] Sets the size of the rx buffer.
+			Format: <unsigned int> such that (rxsize & ~0x1fffc0) == 0.
+			Default: 1024
+
+	gpio-mockup.gpio_mockup_ranges
+			[HW] Sets the ranges of gpiochip of for this device.
+			Format: <start1>,<end1>,<start2>,<end2>...
+
+	hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace=
+			[KNL] Should the hard-lockup detector generate
+			backtraces on all cpus.
+			Format: <integer>
+
+	hashdist=	[KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot
+			are distributed across NUMA nodes.  Defaults on
+			for 64-bit NUMA, off otherwise.
+			Format: 0 | 1 (for off | on)
+
+	hcl=		[IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
+
+	hd=		[EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
+			Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
+
+	hest_disable	[ACPI]
+			Disable Hardware Error Source Table (HEST) support;
+			corresponding firmware-first mode error processing
+			logic will be disabled.
+
+	highmem=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT] forces the highmem zone to have an exact
+			size of <nn>. This works even on boxes that have no
+			highmem otherwise. This also works to reduce highmem
+			size on bigger boxes.
+
+	highres=	[KNL] Enable/disable high resolution timer mode.
+			Valid parameters: "on", "off"
+			Default: "on"
+
+	hisax=		[HW,ISDN]
+			See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
+
+	hlt		[BUGS=ARM,SH]
+
+	hpet=		[X86-32,HPET] option to control HPET usage
+			Format: { enable (default) | disable | force |
+				verbose }
+			disable: disable HPET and use PIT instead
+			force: allow force enabled of undocumented chips (ICH4,
+				VIA, nVidia)
+			verbose: show contents of HPET registers during setup
+
+	hpet_mmap=	[X86, HPET_MMAP] Allow userspace to mmap HPET
+			registers.  Default set by CONFIG_HPET_MMAP_DEFAULT.
+
+	hugepages=	[HW,X86-32,IA-64] HugeTLB pages to allocate at boot.
+	hugepagesz=	[HW,IA-64,PPC,X86-64] The size of the HugeTLB pages.
+			On x86-64 and powerpc, this option can be specified
+			multiple times interleaved with hugepages= to reserve
+			huge pages of different sizes. Valid pages sizes on
+			x86-64 are 2M (when the CPU supports "pse") and 1G
+			(when the CPU supports the "pdpe1gb" cpuinfo flag).
+
+	hvc_iucv=	[S390] Number of z/VM IUCV hypervisor console (HVC)
+			       terminal devices. Valid values: 0..8
+	hvc_iucv_allow=	[S390] Comma-separated list of z/VM user IDs.
+			       If specified, z/VM IUCV HVC accepts connections
+			       from listed z/VM user IDs only.
+
+	hwthread_map=	[METAG] Comma-separated list of Linux cpu id to
+			        hardware thread id mappings.
+				Format: <cpu>:<hwthread>
+
+	keep_bootcon	[KNL]
+			Do not unregister boot console at start. This is only
+			useful for debugging when something happens in the window
+			between unregistering the boot console and initializing
+			the real console.
+
+	i2c_bus=	[HW] Override the default board specific I2C bus speed
+			     or register an additional I2C bus that is not
+			     registered from board initialization code.
+			     Format:
+			     <bus_id>,<clkrate>
+
+	i8042.debug	[HW] Toggle i8042 debug mode
+	i8042.unmask_kbd_data
+			[HW] Enable printing of interrupt data from the KBD port
+			     (disabled by default, and as a pre-condition
+			     requires that i8042.debug=1 be enabled)
+	i8042.direct	[HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
+	i8042.dumbkbd	[HW] Pretend that controller can only read data from
+			     keyboard and cannot control its state
+			     (Don't attempt to blink the leds)
+	i8042.noaux	[HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
+	i8042.nokbd	[HW] Don't check/create keyboard port
+	i8042.noloop	[HW] Disable the AUX Loopback command while probing
+			     for the AUX port
+	i8042.nomux	[HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
+			     controller
+	i8042.nopnp	[HW] Don't use ACPIPnP / PnPBIOS to discover KBD/AUX
+			     controllers
+	i8042.notimeout	[HW] Ignore timeout condition signalled by controller
+	i8042.reset	[HW] Reset the controller during init, cleanup and
+			     suspend-to-ram transitions, only during s2r
+			     transitions, or never reset
+			Format: { 1 | Y | y | 0 | N | n }
+			1, Y, y: always reset controller
+			0, N, n: don't ever reset controller
+			Default: only on s2r transitions on x86; most other
+			architectures force reset to be always executed
+	i8042.unlock	[HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
+	i8042.kbdreset  [HW] Reset device connected to KBD port
+
+	i810=		[HW,DRM]
+
+	i8k.ignore_dmi	[HW] Continue probing hardware even if DMI data
+			indicates that the driver is running on unsupported
+			hardware.
+	i8k.force	[HW] Activate i8k driver even if SMM BIOS signature
+			does not match list of supported models.
+	i8k.power_status
+			[HW] Report power status in /proc/i8k
+			(disabled by default)
+	i8k.restricted	[HW] Allow controlling fans only if SYS_ADMIN
+			capability is set.
+
+	i915.invert_brightness=
+			[DRM] Invert the sense of the variable that is used to
+			set the brightness of the panel backlight. Normally a
+			brightness value of 0 indicates backlight switched off,
+			and the maximum of the brightness value sets the backlight
+			to maximum brightness. If this parameter is set to 0
+			(default) and the machine requires it, or this parameter
+			is set to 1, a brightness value of 0 sets the backlight
+			to maximum brightness, and the maximum of the brightness
+			value switches the backlight off.
+			-1 -- never invert brightness
+			 0 -- machine default
+			 1 -- force brightness inversion
+
+	icn=		[HW,ISDN]
+			Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
+
+	ide-core.nodma=	[HW] (E)IDE subsystem
+			Format: =0.0 to prevent dma on hda, =0.1 hdb =1.0 hdc
+			.vlb_clock .pci_clock .noflush .nohpa .noprobe .nowerr
+			.cdrom .chs .ignore_cable are additional options
+			See Documentation/ide/ide.txt.
+
+	ide-generic.probe-mask= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
+			Format: <int>
+			Probe mask for legacy ISA IDE ports.  Depending on
+			platform up to 6 ports are supported, enabled by
+			setting corresponding bits in the mask to 1.  The
+			default value is 0x0, which has a special meaning.
+			On systems that have PCI, it triggers scanning the
+			PCI bus for the first and the second port, which
+			are then probed.  On systems without PCI the value
+			of 0x0 enables probing the two first ports as if it
+			was 0x3.
+
+	ide-pci-generic.all-generic-ide [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
+			Claim all unknown PCI IDE storage controllers.
+
+	idle=		[X86]
+			Format: idle=poll, idle=halt, idle=nomwait
+			Poll forces a polling idle loop that can slightly
+			improve the performance of waking up a idle CPU, but
+			will use a lot of power and make the system run hot.
+			Not recommended.
+			idle=halt: Halt is forced to be used for CPU idle.
+			In such case C2/C3 won't be used again.
+			idle=nomwait: Disable mwait for CPU C-states
+
+	ieee754=	[MIPS] Select IEEE Std 754 conformance mode
+			Format: { strict | legacy | 2008 | relaxed }
+			Default: strict
+
+			Choose which programs will be accepted for execution
+			based on the IEEE 754 NaN encoding(s) supported by
+			the FPU and the NaN encoding requested with the value
+			of an ELF file header flag individually set by each
+			binary.  Hardware implementations are permitted to
+			support either or both of the legacy and the 2008 NaN
+			encoding mode.
+
+			Available settings are as follows:
+			strict	accept binaries that request a NaN encoding
+				supported by the FPU
+			legacy	only accept legacy-NaN binaries, if supported
+				by the FPU
+			2008	only accept 2008-NaN binaries, if supported
+				by the FPU
+			relaxed	accept any binaries regardless of whether
+				supported by the FPU
+
+			The FPU emulator is always able to support both NaN
+			encodings, so if no FPU hardware is present or it has
+			been disabled with 'nofpu', then the settings of
+			'legacy' and '2008' strap the emulator accordingly,
+			'relaxed' straps the emulator for both legacy-NaN and
+			2008-NaN, whereas 'strict' enables legacy-NaN only on
+			legacy processors and both NaN encodings on MIPS32 or
+			MIPS64 CPUs.
+
+			The setting for ABS.fmt/NEG.fmt instruction execution
+			mode generally follows that for the NaN encoding,
+			except where unsupported by hardware.
+
+	ignore_loglevel	[KNL]
+			Ignore loglevel setting - this will print /all/
+			kernel messages to the console. Useful for debugging.
+			We also add it as printk module parameter, so users
+			could change it dynamically, usually by
+			/sys/module/printk/parameters/ignore_loglevel.
+
+	ignore_rlimit_data
+			Ignore RLIMIT_DATA setting for data mappings,
+			print warning at first misuse.  Can be changed via
+			/sys/module/kernel/parameters/ignore_rlimit_data.
+
+	ihash_entries=	[KNL]
+			Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
+
+	ima_appraise=	[IMA] appraise integrity measurements
+			Format: { "off" | "enforce" | "fix" | "log" }
+			default: "enforce"
+
+	ima_appraise_tcb [IMA]
+			The builtin appraise policy appraises all files
+			owned by uid=0.
+
+	ima_hash=	[IMA]
+			Format: { md5 | sha1 | rmd160 | sha256 | sha384
+				   | sha512 | ... }
+			default: "sha1"
+
+			The list of supported hash algorithms is defined
+			in crypto/hash_info.h.
+
+	ima_policy=	[IMA]
+			The builtin measurement policy to load during IMA
+			setup.  Specyfing "tcb" as the value, measures all
+			programs exec'd, files mmap'd for exec, and all files
+			opened with the read mode bit set by either the
+			effective uid (euid=0) or uid=0.
+			Format: "tcb"
+
+	ima_tcb		[IMA] Deprecated.  Use ima_policy= instead.
+			Load a policy which meets the needs of the Trusted
+			Computing Base.  This means IMA will measure all
+			programs exec'd, files mmap'd for exec, and all files
+			opened for read by uid=0.
+
+	ima_template=   [IMA]
+			Select one of defined IMA measurements template formats.
+			Formats: { "ima" | "ima-ng" | "ima-sig" }
+			Default: "ima-ng"
+
+	ima_template_fmt=
+	                [IMA] Define a custom template format.
+			Format: { "field1|...|fieldN" }
+
+	ima.ahash_minsize= [IMA] Minimum file size for asynchronous hash usage
+			Format: <min_file_size>
+			Set the minimal file size for using asynchronous hash.
+			If left unspecified, ahash usage is disabled.
+
+			ahash performance varies for different data sizes on
+			different crypto accelerators. This option can be used
+			to achieve the best performance for a particular HW.
+
+	ima.ahash_bufsize= [IMA] Asynchronous hash buffer size
+			Format: <bufsize>
+			Set hashing buffer size. Default: 4k.
+
+			ahash performance varies for different chunk sizes on
+			different crypto accelerators. This option can be used
+			to achieve best performance for particular HW.
+
+	init=		[KNL]
+			Format: <full_path>
+			Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
+			process.
+
+	initcall_debug	[KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed.  Useful
+			for working out where the kernel is dying during
+			startup.
+
+	initcall_blacklist=  [KNL] Do not execute a comma-separated list of
+			initcall functions.  Useful for debugging built-in
+			modules and initcalls.
+
+	initrd=		[BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
+
+	init_pkru=	[x86] Specify the default memory protection keys rights
+			register contents for all processes.  0x55555554 by
+			default (disallow access to all but pkey 0).  Can
+			override in debugfs after boot.
+
+	inport.irq=	[HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
+			Format: <irq>
+
+	int_pln_enable  [x86] Enable power limit notification interrupt
+
+	integrity_audit=[IMA]
+			Format: { "0" | "1" }
+			0 -- basic integrity auditing messages. (Default)
+			1 -- additional integrity auditing messages.
+
+	intel_iommu=	[DMAR] Intel IOMMU driver (DMAR) option
+		on
+			Enable intel iommu driver.
+		off
+			Disable intel iommu driver.
+		igfx_off [Default Off]
+			By default, gfx is mapped as normal device. If a gfx
+			device has a dedicated DMAR unit, the DMAR unit is
+			bypassed by not enabling DMAR with this option. In
+			this case, gfx device will use physical address for
+			DMA.
+		forcedac [x86_64]
+			With this option iommu will not optimize to look
+			for io virtual address below 32-bit forcing dual
+			address cycle on pci bus for cards supporting greater
+			than 32-bit addressing. The default is to look
+			for translation below 32-bit and if not available
+			then look in the higher range.
+		strict [Default Off]
+			With this option on every unmap_single operation will
+			result in a hardware IOTLB flush operation as opposed
+			to batching them for performance.
+		sp_off [Default Off]
+			By default, super page will be supported if Intel IOMMU
+			has the capability. With this option, super page will
+			not be supported.
+		ecs_off [Default Off]
+			By default, extended context tables will be supported if
+			the hardware advertises that it has support both for the
+			extended tables themselves, and also PASID support. With
+			this option set, extended tables will not be used even
+			on hardware which claims to support them.
+
+	intel_idle.max_cstate=	[KNL,HW,ACPI,X86]
+			0	disables intel_idle and fall back on acpi_idle.
+			1 to 9	specify maximum depth of C-state.
+
+	intel_pstate=  [X86]
+		       disable
+		         Do not enable intel_pstate as the default
+		         scaling driver for the supported processors
+		       force
+			 Enable intel_pstate on systems that prohibit it by default
+			 in favor of acpi-cpufreq. Forcing the intel_pstate driver
+			 instead of acpi-cpufreq may disable platform features, such
+			 as thermal controls and power capping, that rely on ACPI
+			 P-States information being indicated to OSPM and therefore
+			 should be used with caution. This option does not work with
+			 processors that aren't supported by the intel_pstate driver
+			 or on platforms that use pcc-cpufreq instead of acpi-cpufreq.
+		       no_hwp
+		         Do not enable hardware P state control (HWP)
+			 if available.
+		hwp_only
+			Only load intel_pstate on systems which support
+			hardware P state control (HWP) if available.
+		support_acpi_ppc
+			Enforce ACPI _PPC performance limits. If the Fixed ACPI
+			Description Table, specifies preferred power management
+			profile as "Enterprise Server" or "Performance Server",
+			then this feature is turned on by default.
+
+	intremap=	[X86-64, Intel-IOMMU]
+			on	enable Interrupt Remapping (default)
+			off	disable Interrupt Remapping
+			nosid	disable Source ID checking
+			no_x2apic_optout
+				BIOS x2APIC opt-out request will be ignored
+			nopost	disable Interrupt Posting
+
+	iomem=		Disable strict checking of access to MMIO memory
+		strict	regions from userspace.
+		relaxed
+
+	iommu=		[x86]
+		off
+		force
+		noforce
+		biomerge
+		panic
+		nopanic
+		merge
+		nomerge
+		forcesac
+		soft
+		pt		[x86, IA-64]
+		nobypass	[PPC/POWERNV]
+			Disable IOMMU bypass, using IOMMU for PCI devices.
+
+
+	io7=		[HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
+			See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
+			arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
+
+	io_delay=	[X86] I/O delay method
+		0x80
+			Standard port 0x80 based delay
+		0xed
+			Alternate port 0xed based delay (needed on some systems)
+		udelay
+			Simple two microseconds delay
+		none
+			No delay
+
+	ip=		[IP_PNP]
+			See Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt.
+
+	irqaffinity=	[SMP] Set the default irq affinity mask
+			The argument is a cpu list, as described above.
+
+	irqfixup	[HW]
+			When an interrupt is not handled search all handlers
+			for it. Intended to get systems with badly broken
+			firmware running.
+
+	irqpoll		[HW]
+			When an interrupt is not handled search all handlers
+			for it. Also check all handlers each timer
+			interrupt. Intended to get systems with badly broken
+			firmware running.
+
+	isapnp=		[ISAPNP]
+			Format: <RDP>,<reset>,<pci_scan>,<verbosity>
+
+	isolcpus=	[KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
+			The argument is a cpu list, as described above.
+
+			This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs
+			to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling
+			algorithms. You can move a process onto or off an
+			"isolated" CPU via the CPU affinity syscalls or cpuset.
+			<cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is
+			"number of CPUs in system - 1".
+
+			This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The
+			alternative -- manually setting the CPU mask of all
+			tasks in the system -- can cause problems and
+			suboptimal load balancer performance.
+
+	iucv=		[HW,NET]
+
+	ivrs_ioapic	[HW,X86_64]
+			Provide an override to the IOAPIC-ID<->DEVICE-ID
+			mapping provided in the IVRS ACPI table. For
+			example, to map IOAPIC-ID decimal 10 to
+			PCI device 00:14.0 write the parameter as:
+				ivrs_ioapic[10]=00:14.0
+
+	ivrs_hpet	[HW,X86_64]
+			Provide an override to the HPET-ID<->DEVICE-ID
+			mapping provided in the IVRS ACPI table. For
+			example, to map HPET-ID decimal 0 to
+			PCI device 00:14.0 write the parameter as:
+				ivrs_hpet[0]=00:14.0
+
+	ivrs_acpihid	[HW,X86_64]
+			Provide an override to the ACPI-HID:UID<->DEVICE-ID
+			mapping provided in the IVRS ACPI table. For
+			example, to map UART-HID:UID AMD0020:0 to
+			PCI device 00:14.5 write the parameter as:
+				ivrs_acpihid[00:14.5]=AMD0020:0
+
+	js=		[HW,JOY] Analog joystick
+			See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
+
+	nokaslr		[KNL]
+			When CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE is set, this disables
+			kernel and module base offset ASLR (Address Space
+			Layout Randomization).
+
+	keepinitrd	[HW,ARM]
+
+	kernelcore=	[KNL,X86,IA-64,PPC]
+			Format: nn[KMGTPE] | "mirror"
+			This parameter
+			specifies the amount of memory usable by the kernel
+			for non-movable allocations.  The requested amount is
+			spread evenly throughout all nodes in the system. The
+			remaining memory in each node is used for Movable
+			pages. In the event, a node is too small to have both
+			kernelcore and Movable pages, kernelcore pages will
+			take priority and other nodes will have a larger number
+			of Movable pages.  The Movable zone is used for the
+			allocation of pages that may be reclaimed or moved
+			by the page migration subsystem.  This means that
+			HugeTLB pages may not be allocated from this zone.
+			Note that allocations like PTEs-from-HighMem still
+			use the HighMem zone if it exists, and the Normal
+			zone if it does not.
+
+			Instead of specifying the amount of memory (nn[KMGTPE]),
+			you can specify "mirror" option. In case "mirror"
+			option is specified, mirrored (reliable) memory is used
+			for non-movable allocations and remaining memory is used
+			for Movable pages. nn[KMGTPE] and "mirror" are exclusive,
+			so you can NOT specify nn[KMGTPE] and "mirror" at the same
+			time.
+
+	kgdbdbgp=	[KGDB,HW] kgdb over EHCI usb debug port.
+			Format: <Controller#>[,poll interval]
+			The controller # is the number of the ehci usb debug
+			port as it is probed via PCI.  The poll interval is
+			optional and is the number seconds in between
+			each poll cycle to the debug port in case you need
+			the functionality for interrupting the kernel with
+			gdb or control-c on the dbgp connection.  When
+			not using this parameter you use sysrq-g to break into
+			the kernel debugger.
+
+	kgdboc=		[KGDB,HW] kgdb over consoles.
+			Requires a tty driver that supports console polling,
+			or a supported polling keyboard driver (non-usb).
+			 Serial only format: <serial_device>[,baud]
+			 keyboard only format: kbd
+			 keyboard and serial format: kbd,<serial_device>[,baud]
+			Optional Kernel mode setting:
+			 kms, kbd format: kms,kbd
+			 kms, kbd and serial format: kms,kbd,<ser_dev>[,baud]
+
+	kgdbwait	[KGDB] Stop kernel execution and enter the
+			kernel debugger at the earliest opportunity.
+
+	kmac=		[MIPS] korina ethernet MAC address.
+			Configure the RouterBoard 532 series on-chip
+			Ethernet adapter MAC address.
+
+	kmemleak=	[KNL] Boot-time kmemleak enable/disable
+			Valid arguments: on, off
+			Default: on
+			Built with CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_DEFAULT_OFF=y,
+			the default is off.
+
+	kmemcheck=	[X86] Boot-time kmemcheck enable/disable/one-shot mode
+			Valid arguments: 0, 1, 2
+			kmemcheck=0 (disabled)
+			kmemcheck=1 (enabled)
+			kmemcheck=2 (one-shot mode)
+			Default: 2 (one-shot mode)
+
+	kstack=N	[X86] Print N words from the kernel stack
+			in oops dumps.
+
+	kvm.ignore_msrs=[KVM] Ignore guest accesses to unhandled MSRs.
+			Default is 0 (don't ignore, but inject #GP)
+
+	kvm.mmu_audit=	[KVM] This is a R/W parameter which allows audit
+			KVM MMU at runtime.
+			Default is 0 (off)
+
+	kvm-amd.nested=	[KVM,AMD] Allow nested virtualization in KVM/SVM.
+			Default is 1 (enabled)
+
+	kvm-amd.npt=	[KVM,AMD] Disable nested paging (virtualized MMU)
+			for all guests.
+			Default is 1 (enabled) if in 64-bit or 32-bit PAE mode.
+
+	kvm-intel.ept=	[KVM,Intel] Disable extended page tables
+			(virtualized MMU) support on capable Intel chips.
+			Default is 1 (enabled)
+
+	kvm-intel.emulate_invalid_guest_state=
+			[KVM,Intel] Enable emulation of invalid guest states
+			Default is 0 (disabled)
+
+	kvm-intel.flexpriority=
+			[KVM,Intel] Disable FlexPriority feature (TPR shadow).
+			Default is 1 (enabled)
+
+	kvm-intel.nested=
+			[KVM,Intel] Enable VMX nesting (nVMX).
+			Default is 0 (disabled)
+
+	kvm-intel.unrestricted_guest=
+			[KVM,Intel] Disable unrestricted guest feature
+			(virtualized real and unpaged mode) on capable
+			Intel chips. Default is 1 (enabled)
+
+	kvm-intel.vpid=	[KVM,Intel] Disable Virtual Processor Identification
+			feature (tagged TLBs) on capable Intel chips.
+			Default is 1 (enabled)
+
+	l2cr=		[PPC]
+
+	l3cr=		[PPC]
+
+	lapic		[X86-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS
+			disabled it.
+
+	lapic=		[x86,APIC] "notscdeadline" Do not use TSC deadline
+			value for LAPIC timer one-shot implementation. Default
+			back to the programmable timer unit in the LAPIC.
+
+	lapic_timer_c2_ok	[X86,APIC] trust the local apic timer
+			in C2 power state.
+
+	libata.dma=	[LIBATA] DMA control
+			libata.dma=0	  Disable all PATA and SATA DMA
+			libata.dma=1	  PATA and SATA Disk DMA only
+			libata.dma=2	  ATAPI (CDROM) DMA only
+			libata.dma=4	  Compact Flash DMA only
+			Combinations also work, so libata.dma=3 enables DMA
+			for disks and CDROMs, but not CFs.
+
+	libata.ignore_hpa=	[LIBATA] Ignore HPA limit
+			libata.ignore_hpa=0	  keep BIOS limits (default)
+			libata.ignore_hpa=1	  ignore limits, using full disk
+
+	libata.noacpi	[LIBATA] Disables use of ACPI in libata suspend/resume
+			when set.
+			Format: <int>
+
+	libata.force=	[LIBATA] Force configurations.  The format is comma
+			separated list of "[ID:]VAL" where ID is
+			PORT[.DEVICE].  PORT and DEVICE are decimal numbers
+			matching port, link or device.  Basically, it matches
+			the ATA ID string printed on console by libata.  If
+			the whole ID part is omitted, the last PORT and DEVICE
+			values are used.  If ID hasn't been specified yet, the
+			configuration applies to all ports, links and devices.
+
+			If only DEVICE is omitted, the parameter applies to
+			the port and all links and devices behind it.  DEVICE
+			number of 0 either selects the first device or the
+			first fan-out link behind PMP device.  It does not
+			select the host link.  DEVICE number of 15 selects the
+			host link and device attached to it.
+
+			The VAL specifies the configuration to force.  As long
+			as there's no ambiguity shortcut notation is allowed.
+			For example, both 1.5 and 1.5G would work for 1.5Gbps.
+			The following configurations can be forced.
+
+			* Cable type: 40c, 80c, short40c, unk, ign or sata.
+			  Any ID with matching PORT is used.
+
+			* SATA link speed limit: 1.5Gbps or 3.0Gbps.
+
+			* Transfer mode: pio[0-7], mwdma[0-4] and udma[0-7].
+			  udma[/][16,25,33,44,66,100,133] notation is also
+			  allowed.
+
+			* [no]ncq: Turn on or off NCQ.
+
+			* [no]ncqtrim: Turn off queued DSM TRIM.
+
+			* nohrst, nosrst, norst: suppress hard, soft
+                          and both resets.
+
+			* rstonce: only attempt one reset during
+			  hot-unplug link recovery
+
+			* dump_id: dump IDENTIFY data.
+
+			* atapi_dmadir: Enable ATAPI DMADIR bridge support
+
+			* disable: Disable this device.
+
+			If there are multiple matching configurations changing
+			the same attribute, the last one is used.
+
+	memblock=debug	[KNL] Enable memblock debug messages.
+
+	load_ramdisk=	[RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
+			See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
+
+	lockd.nlm_grace_period=P  [NFS] Assign grace period.
+			Format: <integer>
+
+	lockd.nlm_tcpport=N	[NFS] Assign TCP port.
+			Format: <integer>
+
+	lockd.nlm_timeout=T	[NFS] Assign timeout value.
+			Format: <integer>
+
+	lockd.nlm_udpport=M	[NFS] Assign UDP port.
+			Format: <integer>
+
+	locktorture.nreaders_stress= [KNL]
+			Set the number of locking read-acquisition kthreads.
+			Defaults to being automatically set based on the
+			number of online CPUs.
+
+	locktorture.nwriters_stress= [KNL]
+			Set the number of locking write-acquisition kthreads.
+
+	locktorture.onoff_holdoff= [KNL]
+			Set time (s) after boot for CPU-hotplug testing.
+
+	locktorture.onoff_interval= [KNL]
+			Set time (s) between CPU-hotplug operations, or
+			zero to disable CPU-hotplug testing.
+
+	locktorture.shuffle_interval= [KNL]
+			Set task-shuffle interval (jiffies).  Shuffling
+			tasks allows some CPUs to go into dyntick-idle
+			mode during the locktorture test.
+
+	locktorture.shutdown_secs= [KNL]
+			Set time (s) after boot system shutdown.  This
+			is useful for hands-off automated testing.
+
+	locktorture.stat_interval= [KNL]
+			Time (s) between statistics printk()s.
+
+	locktorture.stutter= [KNL]
+			Time (s) to stutter testing, for example,
+			specifying five seconds causes the test to run for
+			five seconds, wait for five seconds, and so on.
+			This tests the locking primitive's ability to
+			transition abruptly to and from idle.
+
+	locktorture.torture_runnable= [BOOT]
+			Start locktorture running at boot time.
+
+	locktorture.torture_type= [KNL]
+			Specify the locking implementation to test.
+
+	locktorture.verbose= [KNL]
+			Enable additional printk() statements.
+
+	logibm.irq=	[HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
+			Format: <irq>
+
+	loglevel=	All Kernel Messages with a loglevel smaller than the
+			console loglevel will be printed to the console. It can
+			also be changed with klogd or other programs. The
+			loglevels are defined as follows:
+
+			0 (KERN_EMERG)		system is unusable
+			1 (KERN_ALERT)		action must be taken immediately
+			2 (KERN_CRIT)		critical conditions
+			3 (KERN_ERR)		error conditions
+			4 (KERN_WARNING)	warning conditions
+			5 (KERN_NOTICE)		normal but significant condition
+			6 (KERN_INFO)		informational
+			7 (KERN_DEBUG)		debug-level messages
+
+	log_buf_len=n[KMG]	Sets the size of the printk ring buffer,
+			in bytes.  n must be a power of two and greater
+			than the minimal size. The minimal size is defined
+			by LOG_BUF_SHIFT kernel config parameter. There is
+			also CONFIG_LOG_CPU_MAX_BUF_SHIFT config parameter
+			that allows to increase the default size depending on
+			the number of CPUs. See init/Kconfig for more details.
+
+	logo.nologo	[FB] Disables display of the built-in Linux logo.
+			This may be used to provide more screen space for
+			kernel log messages and is useful when debugging
+			kernel boot problems.
+
+	lp=0		[LP]	Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
+	lp=port[,port...]	lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
+	lp=reset		first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
+	lp=auto			printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
+				specified in addition to the ports) causes
+				attached printers to be reset. Using
+				lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
+				to associate lp devices with, starting with
+				lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
+				that lp device, or a parport name such as
+				'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
+				port specification list means that device IDs
+				from each port should be examined, to see if
+				an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
+				so, the driver will manage that printer.
+				See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
+
+	lpj=n		[KNL]
+			Sets loops_per_jiffy to given constant, thus avoiding
+			time-consuming boot-time autodetection (up to 250 ms per
+			CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine
+			the correct value for your kernel, boot with normal
+			autodetection and see what value is printed. Note that
+			on SMP systems the preset will be applied to all CPUs,
+			which is likely to cause problems if your CPUs need
+			significantly divergent settings. An incorrect value
+			will cause delays in the kernel to be wrong, leading to
+			unpredictable I/O errors and other breakage. Although
+			unlikely, in the extreme case this might damage your
+			hardware.
+
+	ltpc=		[NET]
+			Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
+
+	machvec=	[IA-64] Force the use of a particular machine-vector
+			(machvec) in a generic kernel.
+			Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb
+
+	machtype=	[Loongson] Share the same kernel image file between different
+			 yeeloong laptop.
+			Example: machtype=lemote-yeeloong-2f-7inch
+
+	max_addr=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory greater
+			than or equal to this physical address is ignored.
+
+	maxcpus=	[SMP] Maximum number of processors that	an SMP kernel
+			will bring up during bootup.  maxcpus=n : n >= 0 limits
+			the kernel to bring up 'n' processors. Surely after
+			bootup you can bring up the other plugged cpu by executing
+			"echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online". So maxcpus
+			only takes effect during system bootup.
+			While n=0 is a special case, it is equivalent to "nosmp",
+			which also disables the IO APIC.
+
+	max_loop=	[LOOP] The number of loop block devices that get
+	(loop.max_loop)	unconditionally pre-created at init time. The default
+			number is configured by BLK_DEV_LOOP_MIN_COUNT. Instead
+			of statically allocating a predefined number, loop
+			devices can be requested on-demand with the
+			/dev/loop-control interface.
+
+	mce		[X86-32] Machine Check Exception
+
+	mce=option	[X86-64] See Documentation/x86/x86_64/boot-options.txt
+
+	md=		[HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
+			See Documentation/admin-guide/md.rst.
+
+	mdacon=		[MDA]
+			Format: <first>,<last>
+			Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
+
+	mem=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
+			Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
+			to see the whole system memory or for test.
+			[X86] Work as limiting max address. Use together
+			with memmap= to avoid physical address space collisions.
+			Without memmap= PCI devices could be placed at addresses
+			belonging to unused RAM.
+
+	mem=nopentium	[BUGS=X86-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
+			memory.
+
+	memchunk=nn[KMG]
+			[KNL,SH] Allow user to override the default size for
+			per-device physically contiguous DMA buffers.
+
+        memhp_default_state=online/offline
+			[KNL] Set the initial state for the memory hotplug
+			onlining policy. If not specified, the default value is
+			set according to the
+			CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_DEFAULT_ONLINE kernel config
+			option.
+			See Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt.
+
+	memmap=exactmap	[KNL,X86] Enable setting of an exact
+			E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
+			Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
+			BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
+			option description.
+
+	memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
+			[KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory.
+			Region of memory to be used is from ss to ss+nn.
+
+	memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
+			[KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
+			Region of memory to be marked is from ss to ss+nn.
+
+	memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
+			[KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
+			Region of memory to be reserved is from ss to ss+nn.
+			Example: Exclude memory from 0x18690000-0x1869ffff
+			         memmap=64K$0x18690000
+			         or
+			         memmap=0x10000$0x18690000
+
+	memmap=nn[KMG]!ss[KMG]
+			[KNL,X86] Mark specific memory as protected.
+			Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
+			The memory region may be marked as e820 type 12 (0xc)
+			and is NVDIMM or ADR memory.
+
+	memory_corruption_check=0/1 [X86]
+			Some BIOSes seem to corrupt the first 64k of
+			memory when doing things like suspend/resume.
+			Setting this option will scan the memory
+			looking for corruption.  Enabling this will
+			both detect corruption and prevent the kernel
+			from using the memory being corrupted.
+			However, its intended as a diagnostic tool; if
+			repeatable BIOS-originated corruption always
+			affects the same memory, you can use memmap=
+			to prevent the kernel from using that memory.
+
+	memory_corruption_check_size=size [X86]
+			By default it checks for corruption in the low
+			64k, making this memory unavailable for normal
+			use.  Use this parameter to scan for
+			corruption in more or less memory.
+
+	memory_corruption_check_period=seconds [X86]
+			By default it checks for corruption every 60
+			seconds.  Use this parameter to check at some
+			other rate.  0 disables periodic checking.
+
+	memtest=	[KNL,X86,ARM] Enable memtest
+			Format: <integer>
+			default : 0 <disable>
+			Specifies the number of memtest passes to be
+			performed. Each pass selects another test
+			pattern from a given set of patterns. Memtest
+			fills the memory with this pattern, validates
+			memory contents and reserves bad memory
+			regions that are detected.
+
+	meye.*=		[HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
+			See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
+
+	mfgpt_irq=	[IA-32] Specify the IRQ to use for the
+			Multi-Function General Purpose Timers on AMD Geode
+			platforms.
+
+	mfgptfix	[X86-32] Fix MFGPT timers on AMD Geode platforms when
+			the BIOS has incorrectly applied a workaround. TinyBIOS
+			version 0.98 is known to be affected, 0.99 fixes the
+			problem by letting the user disable the workaround.
+
+	mga=		[HW,DRM]
+
+	min_addr=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory below this
+			physical address is ignored.
+
+	mini2440=	[ARM,HW,KNL]
+			Format:[0..2][b][c][t]
+			Default: "0tb"
+			MINI2440 configuration specification:
+			0 - The attached screen is the 3.5" TFT
+			1 - The attached screen is the 7" TFT
+			2 - The VGA Shield is attached (1024x768)
+			Leaving out the screen size parameter will not load
+			the TFT driver, and the framebuffer will be left
+			unconfigured.
+			b - Enable backlight. The TFT backlight pin will be
+			linked to the kernel VESA blanking code and a GPIO
+			LED. This parameter is not necessary when using the
+			VGA shield.
+			c - Enable the s3c camera interface.
+			t - Reserved for enabling touchscreen support. The
+			touchscreen support is not enabled in the mainstream
+			kernel as of 2.6.30, a preliminary port can be found
+			in the "bleeding edge" mini2440 support kernel at
+			http://repo.or.cz/w/linux-2.6/mini2440.git
+
+	mminit_loglevel=
+			[KNL] When CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT is set, this
+			parameter allows control of the logging verbosity for
+			the additional memory initialisation checks. A value
+			of 0 disables mminit logging and a level of 4 will
+			log everything. Information is printed at KERN_DEBUG
+			so loglevel=8 may also need to be specified.
+
+	module.sig_enforce
+			[KNL] When CONFIG_MODULE_SIG is set, this means that
+			modules without (valid) signatures will fail to load.
+			Note that if CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE is set, that
+			is always true, so this option does nothing.
+
+	module_blacklist=  [KNL] Do not load a comma-separated list of
+			modules.  Useful for debugging problem modules.
+
+	mousedev.tap_time=
+			[MOUSE] Maximum time between finger touching and
+			leaving touchpad surface for touch to be considered
+			a tap and be reported as a left button click (for
+			touchpads working in absolute mode only).
+			Format: <msecs>
+	mousedev.xres=	[MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
+			reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
+	mousedev.yres=	[MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
+			reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
+
+	movablecore=nn[KMG]	[KNL,X86,IA-64,PPC] This parameter
+			is similar to kernelcore except it specifies the
+			amount of memory used for migratable allocations.
+			If both kernelcore and movablecore is specified,
+			then kernelcore will be at *least* the specified
+			value but may be more. If movablecore on its own
+			is specified, the administrator must be careful
+			that the amount of memory usable for all allocations
+			is not too small.
+
+	movable_node	[KNL,X86] Boot-time switch to enable the effects
+			of CONFIG_MOVABLE_NODE=y. See mm/Kconfig for details.
+
+	MTD_Partition=	[MTD]
+			Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
+
+	MTD_Region=	[MTD] Format:
+			<name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
+
+	mtdparts=	[MTD]
+			See drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c.
+
+	multitce=off	[PPC]  This parameter disables the use of the pSeries
+			firmware feature for updating multiple TCE entries
+			at a time.
+
+	onenand.bdry=	[HW,MTD] Flex-OneNAND Boundary Configuration
+
+			Format: [die0_boundary][,die0_lock][,die1_boundary][,die1_lock]
+
+			boundary - index of last SLC block on Flex-OneNAND.
+				   The remaining blocks are configured as MLC blocks.
+			lock	 - Configure if Flex-OneNAND boundary should be locked.
+				   Once locked, the boundary cannot be changed.
+				   1 indicates lock status, 0 indicates unlock status.
+
+	mtdset=		[ARM]
+			ARM/S3C2412 JIVE boot control
+
+			See arch/arm/mach-s3c2412/mach-jive.c
+
+	mtouchusb.raw_coordinates=
+			[HW] Make the MicroTouch USB driver use raw coordinates
+			('y', default) or cooked coordinates ('n')
+
+	mtrr_chunk_size=nn[KMG] [X86]
+			used for mtrr cleanup. It is largest continuous chunk
+			that could hold holes aka. UC entries.
+
+	mtrr_gran_size=nn[KMG] [X86]
+			Used for mtrr cleanup. It is granularity of mtrr block.
+			Default is 1.
+			Large value could prevent small alignment from
+			using up MTRRs.
+
+	mtrr_spare_reg_nr=n [X86]
+			Format: <integer>
+			Range: 0,7 : spare reg number
+			Default : 1
+			Used for mtrr cleanup. It is spare mtrr entries number.
+			Set to 2 or more if your graphical card needs more.
+
+	n2=		[NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
+
+	netdev=		[NET] Network devices parameters
+			Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
+			Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
+			something different and driver-specific.
+			This usage is only documented in each driver source
+			file if at all.
+
+	nf_conntrack.acct=
+			[NETFILTER] Enable connection tracking flow accounting
+			0 to disable accounting
+			1 to enable accounting
+			Default value is 0.
+
+	nfsaddrs=	[NFS] Deprecated.  Use ip= instead.
+			See Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt.
+
+	nfsroot=	[NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
+			See Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt.
+
+	nfsrootdebug	[NFS] enable nfsroot debugging messages.
+			See Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt.
+
+	nfs.callback_nr_threads=
+			[NFSv4] set the total number of threads that the
+			NFS client will assign to service NFSv4 callback
+			requests.
+
+	nfs.callback_tcpport=
+			[NFS] set the TCP port on which the NFSv4 callback
+			channel should listen.
+
+	nfs.cache_getent=
+			[NFS] sets the pathname to the program which is used
+			to update the NFS client cache entries.
+
+	nfs.cache_getent_timeout=
+			[NFS] sets the timeout after which an attempt to
+			update a cache entry is deemed to have failed.
+
+	nfs.idmap_cache_timeout=
+			[NFS] set the maximum lifetime for idmapper cache
+			entries.
+
+	nfs.enable_ino64=
+			[NFS] enable 64-bit inode numbers.
+			If zero, the NFS client will fake up a 32-bit inode
+			number for the readdir() and stat() syscalls instead
+			of returning the full 64-bit number.
+			The default is to return 64-bit inode numbers.
+
+	nfs.max_session_cb_slots=
+			[NFSv4.1] Sets the maximum number of session
+			slots the client will assign to the callback
+			channel. This determines the maximum number of
+			callbacks the client will process in parallel for
+			a particular server.
+
+	nfs.max_session_slots=
+			[NFSv4.1] Sets the maximum number of session slots
+			the client will attempt to negotiate with the server.
+			This limits the number of simultaneous RPC requests
+			that the client can send to the NFSv4.1 server.
+			Note that there is little point in setting this
+			value higher than the max_tcp_slot_table_limit.
+
+	nfs.nfs4_disable_idmapping=
+			[NFSv4] When set to the default of '1', this option
+			ensures that both the RPC level authentication
+			scheme and the NFS level operations agree to use
+			numeric uids/gids if the mount is using the
+			'sec=sys' security flavour. In effect it is
+			disabling idmapping, which can make migration from
+			legacy NFSv2/v3 systems to NFSv4 easier.
+			Servers that do not support this mode of operation
+			will be autodetected by the client, and it will fall
+			back to using the idmapper.
+			To turn off this behaviour, set the value to '0'.
+	nfs.nfs4_unique_id=
+			[NFS4] Specify an additional fixed unique ident-
+			ification string that NFSv4 clients can insert into
+			their nfs_client_id4 string.  This is typically a
+			UUID that is generated at system install time.
+
+	nfs.send_implementation_id =
+			[NFSv4.1] Send client implementation identification
+			information in exchange_id requests.
+			If zero, no implementation identification information
+			will be sent.
+			The default is to send the implementation identification
+			information.
+
+	nfs.recover_lost_locks =
+			[NFSv4] Attempt to recover locks that were lost due
+			to a lease timeout on the server. Please note that
+			doing this risks data corruption, since there are
+			no guarantees that the file will remain unchanged
+			after the locks are lost.
+			If you want to enable the kernel legacy behaviour of
+			attempting to recover these locks, then set this
+			parameter to '1'.
+			The default parameter value of '0' causes the kernel
+			not to attempt recovery of lost locks.
+
+	nfs4.layoutstats_timer =
+			[NFSv4.2] Change the rate at which the kernel sends
+			layoutstats to the pNFS metadata server.
+
+			Setting this to value to 0 causes the kernel to use
+			whatever value is the default set by the layout
+			driver. A non-zero value sets the minimum interval
+			in seconds between layoutstats transmissions.
+
+	nfsd.nfs4_disable_idmapping=
+			[NFSv4] When set to the default of '1', the NFSv4
+			server will return only numeric uids and gids to
+			clients using auth_sys, and will accept numeric uids
+			and gids from such clients.  This is intended to ease
+			migration from NFSv2/v3.
+
+	objlayoutdriver.osd_login_prog=
+			[NFS] [OBJLAYOUT] sets the pathname to the program which
+			is used to automatically discover and login into new
+			osd-targets. Please see:
+			Documentation/filesystems/pnfs.txt for more explanations
+
+	nmi_debug=	[KNL,AVR32,SH] Specify one or more actions to take
+			when a NMI is triggered.
+			Format: [state][,regs][,debounce][,die]
+
+	nmi_watchdog=	[KNL,BUGS=X86] Debugging features for SMP kernels
+			Format: [panic,][nopanic,][num]
+			Valid num: 0 or 1
+			0 - turn hardlockup detector in nmi_watchdog off
+			1 - turn hardlockup detector in nmi_watchdog on
+			When panic is specified, panic when an NMI watchdog
+			timeout occurs (or 'nopanic' to override the opposite
+			default). To disable both hard and soft lockup detectors,
+			please see 'nowatchdog'.
+			This is useful when you use a panic=... timeout and
+			need the box quickly up again.
+
+	netpoll.carrier_timeout=
+			[NET] Specifies amount of time (in seconds) that
+			netpoll should wait for a carrier. By default netpoll
+			waits 4 seconds.
+
+	no387		[BUGS=X86-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
+			emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
+			is present.
+
+	no_console_suspend
+			[HW] Never suspend the console
+			Disable suspending of consoles during suspend and
+			hibernate operations.  Once disabled, debugging
+			messages can reach various consoles while the rest
+			of the system is being put to sleep (ie, while
+			debugging driver suspend/resume hooks).  This may
+			not work reliably with all consoles, but is known
+			to work with serial and VGA consoles.
+			To facilitate more flexible debugging, we also add
+			console_suspend, a printk module parameter to control
+			it. Users could use console_suspend (usually
+			/sys/module/printk/parameters/console_suspend) to
+			turn on/off it dynamically.
+
+	noaliencache	[MM, NUMA, SLAB] Disables the allocation of alien
+			caches in the slab allocator.  Saves per-node memory,
+			but will impact performance.
+
+	noalign		[KNL,ARM]
+
+	noapic		[SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
+			IOAPICs that may be present in the system.
+
+	noautogroup	Disable scheduler automatic task group creation.
+
+	nobats		[PPC] Do not use BATs for mapping kernel lowmem
+			on "Classic" PPC cores.
+
+	nocache		[ARM]
+
+	noclflush	[BUGS=X86] Don't use the CLFLUSH instruction
+
+	nodelayacct	[KNL] Disable per-task delay accounting
+
+	nodsp		[SH] Disable hardware DSP at boot time.
+
+	noefi		Disable EFI runtime services support.
+
+	noexec		[IA-64]
+
+	noexec		[X86]
+			On X86-32 available only on PAE configured kernels.
+			noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
+			noexec=off: disable non-executable mappings
+
+	nosmap		[X86]
+			Disable SMAP (Supervisor Mode Access Prevention)
+			even if it is supported by processor.
+
+	nosmep		[X86]
+			Disable SMEP (Supervisor Mode Execution Prevention)
+			even if it is supported by processor.
+
+	noexec32	[X86-64]
+			This affects only 32-bit executables.
+			noexec32=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
+				read doesn't imply executable mappings
+			noexec32=off: disable non-executable mappings
+				read implies executable mappings
+
+	nofpu		[MIPS,SH] Disable hardware FPU at boot time.
+
+	nofxsr		[BUGS=X86-32] Disables x86 floating point extended
+			register save and restore. The kernel will only save
+			legacy floating-point registers on task switch.
+
+	nohugeiomap	[KNL,x86] Disable kernel huge I/O mappings.
+
+	nosmt		[KNL,S390] Disable symmetric multithreading (SMT).
+			Equivalent to smt=1.
+
+	noxsave		[BUGS=X86] Disables x86 extended register state save
+			and restore using xsave. The kernel will fallback to
+			enabling legacy floating-point and sse state.
+
+	noxsaveopt	[X86] Disables xsaveopt used in saving x86 extended
+			register states. The kernel will fall back to use
+			xsave to save the states. By using this parameter,
+			performance of saving the states is degraded because
+			xsave doesn't support modified optimization while
+			xsaveopt supports it on xsaveopt enabled systems.
+
+	noxsaves	[X86] Disables xsaves and xrstors used in saving and
+			restoring x86 extended register state in compacted
+			form of xsave area. The kernel will fall back to use
+			xsaveopt and xrstor to save and restore the states
+			in standard form of xsave area. By using this
+			parameter, xsave area per process might occupy more
+			memory on xsaves enabled systems.
+
+	nohlt		[BUGS=ARM,SH] Tells the kernel that the sleep(SH) or
+			wfi(ARM) instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
+			use it. This is also useful when using JTAG debugger.
+
+	no_file_caps	Tells the kernel not to honor file capabilities.  The
+			only way then for a file to be executed with privilege
+			is to be setuid root or executed by root.
+
+	nohalt		[IA-64] Tells the kernel not to use the power saving
+			function PAL_HALT_LIGHT when idle. This increases
+			power-consumption. On the positive side, it reduces
+			interrupt wake-up latency, which may improve performance
+			in certain environments such as networked servers or
+			real-time systems.
+
+	nohibernate	[HIBERNATION] Disable hibernation and resume.
+
+	nohz=		[KNL] Boottime enable/disable dynamic ticks
+			Valid arguments: on, off
+			Default: on
+
+	nohz_full=	[KNL,BOOT]
+			The argument is a cpu list, as described above.
+			In kernels built with CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL=y, set
+			the specified list of CPUs whose tick will be stopped
+			whenever possible. The boot CPU will be forced outside
+			the range to maintain the timekeeping.
+			The CPUs in this range must also be included in the
+			rcu_nocbs= set.
+
+	noiotrap	[SH] Disables trapped I/O port accesses.
+
+	noirqdebug	[X86-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
+			disable unhandled interrupt sources.
+
+	no_timer_check	[X86,APIC] Disables the code which tests for
+			broken timer IRQ sources.
+
+	noisapnp	[ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
+
+	noinitrd	[RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
+			initial RAM disk.
+
+	nointremap	[X86-64, Intel-IOMMU] Do not enable interrupt
+			remapping.
+			[Deprecated - use intremap=off]
+
+	nointroute	[IA-64]
+
+	noinvpcid	[X86] Disable the INVPCID cpu feature.
+
+	nojitter	[IA-64] Disables jitter checking for ITC timers.
+
+	no-kvmclock	[X86,KVM] Disable paravirtualized KVM clock driver
+
+	no-kvmapf	[X86,KVM] Disable paravirtualized asynchronous page
+			fault handling.
+
+	no-steal-acc    [X86,KVM] Disable paravirtualized steal time accounting.
+			steal time is computed, but won't influence scheduler
+			behaviour
+
+	nolapic		[X86-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
+
+	nolapic_timer	[X86-32,APIC] Do not use the local APIC timer.
+
+	noltlbs		[PPC] Do not use large page/tlb entries for kernel
+			lowmem mapping on PPC40x and PPC8xx
+
+	nomca		[IA-64] Disable machine check abort handling
+
+	nomce		[X86-32] Disable Machine Check Exception
+
+	nomfgpt		[X86-32] Disable Multi-Function General Purpose
+			Timer usage (for AMD Geode machines).
+
+	nonmi_ipi	[X86] Disable using NMI IPIs during panic/reboot to
+			shutdown the other cpus.  Instead use the REBOOT_VECTOR
+			irq.
+
+	nomodule	Disable module load
+
+	nopat		[X86] Disable PAT (page attribute table extension of
+			pagetables) support.
+
+	norandmaps	Don't use address space randomization.  Equivalent to
+			echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space
+
+	noreplace-paravirt	[X86,IA-64,PV_OPS] Don't patch paravirt_ops
+
+	noreplace-smp	[X86-32,SMP] Don't replace SMP instructions
+			with UP alternatives
+
+	nordrand	[X86] Disable kernel use of the RDRAND and
+			RDSEED instructions even if they are supported
+			by the processor.  RDRAND and RDSEED are still
+			available to user space applications.
+
+	noresume	[SWSUSP] Disables resume and restores original swap
+			space.
+
+	no-scroll	[VGA] Disables scrollback.
+			This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
+			reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
+
+	nosbagart	[IA-64]
+
+	nosep		[BUGS=X86-32] Disables x86 SYSENTER/SYSEXIT support.
+
+	nosmp		[SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel,
+			and disable the IO APIC.  legacy for "maxcpus=0".
+
+	nosoftlockup	[KNL] Disable the soft-lockup detector.
+
+	nosync		[HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
+
+	notsc		[BUGS=X86-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
+
+	nowatchdog	[KNL] Disable both lockup detectors, i.e.
+                        soft-lockup and NMI watchdog (hard-lockup).
+
+	nowb		[ARM]
+
+	nox2apic	[X86-64,APIC] Do not enable x2APIC mode.
+
+	cpu0_hotplug	[X86] Turn on CPU0 hotplug feature when
+			CONFIG_BOOTPARAM_HOTPLUG_CPU0 is off.
+			Some features depend on CPU0. Known dependencies are:
+			1. Resume from suspend/hibernate depends on CPU0.
+			Suspend/hibernate will fail if CPU0 is offline and you
+			need to online CPU0 before suspend/hibernate.
+			2. PIC interrupts also depend on CPU0. CPU0 can't be
+			removed if a PIC interrupt is detected.
+			It's said poweroff/reboot may depend on CPU0 on some
+			machines although I haven't seen such issues so far
+			after CPU0 is offline on a few tested machines.
+			If the dependencies are under your control, you can
+			turn on cpu0_hotplug.
+
+	nptcg=		[IA-64] Override max number of concurrent global TLB
+			purges which is reported from either PAL_VM_SUMMARY or
+			SAL PALO.
+
+	nr_cpus=	[SMP] Maximum number of processors that	an SMP kernel
+			could support.  nr_cpus=n : n >= 1 limits the kernel to
+			support 'n' processors. It could be larger than the
+			number of already plugged CPU during bootup, later in
+			runtime you can physically add extra cpu until it reaches
+			n. So during boot up some boot time memory for per-cpu
+			variables need be pre-allocated for later physical cpu
+			hot plugging.
+
+	nr_uarts=	[SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered.
+
+	numa_balancing=	[KNL,X86] Enable or disable automatic NUMA balancing.
+			Allowed values are enable and disable
+
+	numa_zonelist_order= [KNL, BOOT] Select zonelist order for NUMA.
+			one of ['zone', 'node', 'default'] can be specified
+			This can be set from sysctl after boot.
+			See Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt for details.
+
+	ohci1394_dma=early	[HW] enable debugging via the ohci1394 driver.
+			See Documentation/debugging-via-ohci1394.txt for more
+			info.
+
+	olpc_ec_timeout= [OLPC] ms delay when issuing EC commands
+			Rather than timing out after 20 ms if an EC
+			command is not properly ACKed, override the length
+			of the timeout.  We have interrupts disabled while
+			waiting for the ACK, so if this is set too high
+			interrupts *may* be lost!
+
+	omap_mux=	[OMAP] Override bootloader pin multiplexing.
+			Format: <mux_mode0.mode_name=value>...
+			For example, to override I2C bus2:
+			omap_mux=i2c2_scl.i2c2_scl=0x100,i2c2_sda.i2c2_sda=0x100
+
+	oprofile.timer=	[HW]
+			Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
+
+	oprofile.cpu_type=	Force an oprofile cpu type
+			This might be useful if you have an older oprofile
+			userland or if you want common events.
+			Format: { arch_perfmon }
+			arch_perfmon: [X86] Force use of architectural
+				perfmon on Intel CPUs instead of the
+				CPU specific event set.
+			timer: [X86] Force use of architectural NMI
+				timer mode (see also oprofile.timer
+				for generic hr timer mode)
+
+	oops=panic	Always panic on oopses. Default is to just kill the
+			process, but there is a small probability of
+			deadlocking the machine.
+			This will also cause panics on machine check exceptions.
+			Useful together with panic=30 to trigger a reboot.
+
+	OSS		[HW,OSS]
+			See Documentation/sound/oss/oss-parameters.txt
+
+	page_owner=	[KNL] Boot-time page_owner enabling option.
+			Storage of the information about who allocated
+			each page is disabled in default. With this switch,
+			we can turn it on.
+			on: enable the feature
+
+	page_poison=	[KNL] Boot-time parameter changing the state of
+			poisoning on the buddy allocator.
+			off: turn off poisoning
+			on: turn on poisoning
+
+	panic=		[KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic: delay <timeout>
+			timeout > 0: seconds before rebooting
+			timeout = 0: wait forever
+			timeout < 0: reboot immediately
+			Format: <timeout>
+
+	panic_on_warn	panic() instead of WARN().  Useful to cause kdump
+			on a WARN().
+
+	crash_kexec_post_notifiers
+			Run kdump after running panic-notifiers and dumping
+			kmsg. This only for the users who doubt kdump always
+			succeeds in any situation.
+			Note that this also increases risks of kdump failure,
+			because some panic notifiers can make the crashed
+			kernel more unstable.
+
+	parkbd.port=	[HW] Parallel port number the keyboard adapter is
+			connected to, default is 0.
+			Format: <parport#>
+	parkbd.mode=	[HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation,
+			0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
+			Format: <mode>
+
+	parport=	[HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
+			Format: { 0 | auto | 0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] }
+			Use 'auto' to force the driver to use any
+			IRQ/DMA settings detected (the default is to
+			ignore detected IRQ/DMA settings because of
+			possible conflicts). You can specify the base
+			address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and DMA
+			should be numbers, or 'auto' (for using detected
+			settings on that particular port), or 'nofifo'
+			(to avoid using a FIFO even if it is detected).
+			Parallel ports are assigned in the order they
+			are specified on the command line, starting
+			with parport0.
+
+	parport_init_mode=	[HW,PPT]
+			Configure VIA parallel port to operate in
+			a specific mode. This is necessary on Pegasos
+			computer where firmware has no options for setting
+			up parallel port mode and sets it to spp.
+			Currently this function knows 686a and 8231 chips.
+			Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp]
+
+	pause_on_oops=
+			Halt all CPUs after the first oops has been printed for
+			the specified number of seconds.  This is to be used if
+			your oopses keep scrolling off the screen.
+
+	pcbit=		[HW,ISDN]
+
+	pcd.		[PARIDE]
+			See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
+			See also Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
+
+	pci=option[,option...]	[PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
+		earlydump	[X86] dump PCI config space before the kernel
+			        changes anything
+		off		[X86] don't probe for the PCI bus
+		bios		[X86-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
+				the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
+				has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
+		nobios		[X86-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
+				hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
+				if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
+				suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
+		conf1		[X86] Force use of PCI Configuration Access
+				Mechanism 1 (config address in IO port 0xCF8,
+				data in IO port 0xCFC, both 32-bit).
+		conf2		[X86] Force use of PCI Configuration Access
+				Mechanism 2 (IO port 0xCF8 is an 8-bit port for
+				the function, IO port 0xCFA, also 8-bit, sets
+				bus number. The config space is then accessed
+				through ports 0xC000-0xCFFF).
+				See http://wiki.osdev.org/PCI for more info
+				on the configuration access mechanisms.
+		noaer		[PCIE] If the PCIEAER kernel config parameter is
+				enabled, this kernel boot option can be used to
+				disable the use of PCIE advanced error reporting.
+		nodomains	[PCI] Disable support for multiple PCI
+				root domains (aka PCI segments, in ACPI-speak).
+		nommconf	[X86] Disable use of MMCONFIG for PCI
+				Configuration
+		check_enable_amd_mmconf [X86] check for and enable
+				properly configured MMIO access to PCI
+				config space on AMD family 10h CPU
+		nomsi		[MSI] If the PCI_MSI kernel config parameter is
+				enabled, this kernel boot option can be used to
+				disable the use of MSI interrupts system-wide.
+		noioapicquirk	[APIC] Disable all boot interrupt quirks.
+				Safety option to keep boot IRQs enabled. This
+				should never be necessary.
+		ioapicreroute	[APIC] Enable rerouting of boot IRQs to the
+				primary IO-APIC for bridges that cannot disable
+				boot IRQs. This fixes a source of spurious IRQs
+				when the system masks IRQs.
+		noioapicreroute	[APIC] Disable workaround that uses the
+				boot IRQ equivalent of an IRQ that connects to
+				a chipset where boot IRQs cannot be disabled.
+				The opposite of ioapicreroute.
+		biosirq		[X86-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
+				routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
+				on several machines and they hang the machine
+				when used, but on other computers it's the only
+				way to get the interrupt routing table. Try
+				this option if the kernel is unable to allocate
+				IRQs or discover secondary PCI buses on your
+				motherboard.
+		rom		[X86] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
+				Use with caution as certain devices share
+				address decoders between ROMs and other
+				resources.
+		norom		[X86] Do not assign address space to
+				expansion ROMs that do not already have
+				BIOS assigned address ranges.
+		nobar		[X86] Do not assign address space to the
+				BARs that weren't assigned by the BIOS.
+		irqmask=0xMMMM	[X86] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be
+				assigned automatically to PCI devices. You can
+				make the kernel exclude IRQs of your ISA cards
+				this way.
+		pirqaddr=0xAAAAA	[X86] Specify the physical address
+				of the PIRQ table (normally generated
+				by the BIOS) if it is outside the
+				F0000h-100000h range.
+		lastbus=N	[X86] Scan all buses thru bus #N. Can be
+				useful if the kernel is unable to find your
+				secondary buses and you want to tell it
+				explicitly which ones they are.
+		assign-busses	[X86] Always assign all PCI bus
+				numbers ourselves, overriding
+				whatever the firmware may have done.
+		usepirqmask	[X86] Honor the possible IRQ mask stored
+				in the BIOS $PIR table. This is needed on
+				some systems with broken BIOSes, notably
+				some HP Pavilion N5400 and Omnibook XE3
+				notebooks. This will have no effect if ACPI
+				IRQ routing is enabled.
+		noacpi		[X86] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
+				or for PCI scanning.
+		use_crs		[X86] Use PCI host bridge window information
+				from ACPI.  On BIOSes from 2008 or later, this
+				is enabled by default.  If you need to use this,
+				please report a bug.
+		nocrs		[X86] Ignore PCI host bridge windows from ACPI.
+			        If you need to use this, please report a bug.
+		routeirq	Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices.
+				This is normally done in pci_enable_device(),
+				so this option is a temporary workaround
+				for broken drivers that don't call it.
+		skip_isa_align	[X86] do not align io start addr, so can
+				handle more pci cards
+		noearly		[X86] Don't do any early type 1 scanning.
+				This might help on some broken boards which
+				machine check when some devices' config space
+				is read. But various workarounds are disabled
+				and some IOMMU drivers will not work.
+		bfsort		Sort PCI devices into breadth-first order.
+				This sorting is done to get a device
+				order compatible with older (<= 2.4) kernels.
+		nobfsort	Don't sort PCI devices into breadth-first order.
+		pcie_bus_tune_off	Disable PCIe MPS (Max Payload Size)
+				tuning and use the BIOS-configured MPS defaults.
+		pcie_bus_safe	Set every device's MPS to the largest value
+				supported by all devices below the root complex.
+		pcie_bus_perf	Set device MPS to the largest allowable MPS
+				based on its parent bus. Also set MRRS (Max
+				Read Request Size) to the largest supported
+				value (no larger than the MPS that the device
+				or bus can support) for best performance.
+		pcie_bus_peer2peer	Set every device's MPS to 128B, which
+				every device is guaranteed to support. This
+				configuration allows peer-to-peer DMA between
+				any pair of devices, possibly at the cost of
+				reduced performance.  This also guarantees
+				that hot-added devices will work.
+		cbiosize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
+				reserved for the CardBus bridge's IO window.
+				The default value is 256 bytes.
+		cbmemsize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
+				reserved for the CardBus bridge's memory
+				window. The default value is 64 megabytes.
+		resource_alignment=
+				Format:
+				[<order of align>@][<domain>:]<bus>:<slot>.<func>[; ...]
+				[<order of align>@]pci:<vendor>:<device>\
+						[:<subvendor>:<subdevice>][; ...]
+				Specifies alignment and device to reassign
+				aligned memory resources.
+				If <order of align> is not specified,
+				PAGE_SIZE is used as alignment.
+				PCI-PCI bridge can be specified, if resource
+				windows need to be expanded.
+				To specify the alignment for several
+				instances of a device, the PCI vendor,
+				device, subvendor, and subdevice may be
+				specified, e.g., 4096@pci:8086:9c22:103c:198f
+		ecrc=		Enable/disable PCIe ECRC (transaction layer
+				end-to-end CRC checking).
+				bios: Use BIOS/firmware settings. This is the
+				the default.
+				off: Turn ECRC off
+				on: Turn ECRC on.
+		hpiosize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
+				reserved for hotplug bridge's IO window.
+				Default size is 256 bytes.
+		hpmemsize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
+				reserved for hotplug bridge's memory window.
+				Default size is 2 megabytes.
+		hpbussize=nn	The minimum amount of additional bus numbers
+				reserved for buses below a hotplug bridge.
+				Default is 1.
+		realloc=	Enable/disable reallocating PCI bridge resources
+				if allocations done by BIOS are too small to
+				accommodate resources required by all child
+				devices.
+				off: Turn realloc off
+				on: Turn realloc on
+		realloc		same as realloc=on
+		noari		do not use PCIe ARI.
+		pcie_scan_all	Scan all possible PCIe devices.  Otherwise we
+				only look for one device below a PCIe downstream
+				port.
+
+	pcie_aspm=	[PCIE] Forcibly enable or disable PCIe Active State Power
+			Management.
+		off	Disable ASPM.
+		force	Enable ASPM even on devices that claim not to support it.
+			WARNING: Forcing ASPM on may cause system lockups.
+
+	pcie_hp=	[PCIE] PCI Express Hotplug driver options:
+		nomsi	Do not use MSI for PCI Express Native Hotplug (this
+			makes all PCIe ports use INTx for hotplug services).
+
+	pcie_ports=	[PCIE] PCIe ports handling:
+		auto	Ask the BIOS whether or not to use native PCIe services
+			associated with PCIe ports (PME, hot-plug, AER).  Use
+			them only if that is allowed by the BIOS.
+		native	Use native PCIe services associated with PCIe ports
+			unconditionally.
+		compat	Treat PCIe ports as PCI-to-PCI bridges, disable the PCIe
+			ports driver.
+
+	pcie_port_pm=	[PCIE] PCIe port power management handling:
+		off	Disable power management of all PCIe ports
+		force	Forcibly enable power management of all PCIe ports
+
+	pcie_pme=	[PCIE,PM] Native PCIe PME signaling options:
+		nomsi	Do not use MSI for native PCIe PME signaling (this makes
+			all PCIe root ports use INTx for all services).
+
+	pcmv=		[HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
+
+	pd_ignore_unused
+			[PM]
+			Keep all power-domains already enabled by bootloader on,
+			even if no driver has claimed them. This is useful
+			for debug and development, but should not be
+			needed on a platform with proper driver support.
+
+	pd.		[PARIDE]
+			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
+
+	pdcchassis=	[PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at
+			boot time.
+			Format: { 0 | 1 }
+			See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c
+
+	percpu_alloc=	Select which percpu first chunk allocator to use.
+			Currently supported values are "embed" and "page".
+			Archs may support subset or none of the	selections.
+			See comments in mm/percpu.c for details on each
+			allocator.  This parameter is primarily	for debugging
+			and performance comparison.
+
+	pf.		[PARIDE]
+			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
+
+	pg.		[PARIDE]
+			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
+
+	pirq=		[SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
+			See Documentation/x86/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
+
+	plip=		[PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
+			Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
+			See also Documentation/parport.txt.
+
+	pmtmr=		[X86] Manual setup of pmtmr I/O Port.
+			Override pmtimer IOPort with a hex value.
+			e.g. pmtmr=0x508
+
+	pnp.debug=1	[PNP]
+			Enable PNP debug messages (depends on the
+			CONFIG_PNP_DEBUG_MESSAGES option).  Change at run-time
+			via /sys/module/pnp/parameters/debug.  We always show
+			current resource usage; turning this on also shows
+			possible settings and some assignment information.
+
+	pnpacpi=	[ACPI]
+			{ off }
+
+	pnpbios=	[ISAPNP]
+			{ on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
+
+	pnp_reserve_irq=
+			[ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
+
+	pnp_reserve_dma=
+			[ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
+
+	pnp_reserve_io=	[ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
+			Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
+
+	pnp_reserve_mem=
+			[ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the
+			autoconfiguration.
+			Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
+
+	ports=		[IP_VS_FTP] IPVS ftp helper module
+			Default is 21.
+			Up to 8 (IP_VS_APP_MAX_PORTS) ports
+			may be specified.
+			Format: <port>,<port>....
+
+	ppc_strict_facility_enable
+			[PPC] This option catches any kernel floating point,
+			Altivec, VSX and SPE outside of regions specifically
+			allowed (eg kernel_enable_fpu()/kernel_disable_fpu()).
+			There is some performance impact when enabling this.
+
+	print-fatal-signals=
+			[KNL] debug: print fatal signals
+
+			If enabled, warn about various signal handling
+			related application anomalies: too many signals,
+			too many POSIX.1 timers, fatal signals causing a
+			coredump - etc.
+
+			If you hit the warning due to signal overflow,
+			you might want to try "ulimit -i unlimited".
+
+			default: off.
+
+	printk.always_kmsg_dump=
+			Trigger kmsg_dump for cases other than kernel oops or
+			panics
+			Format: <bool>  (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
+			default: disabled
+
+	printk.devkmsg={on,off,ratelimit}
+			Control writing to /dev/kmsg.
+			on - unlimited logging to /dev/kmsg from userspace
+			off - logging to /dev/kmsg disabled
+			ratelimit - ratelimit the logging
+			Default: ratelimit
+
+	printk.time=	Show timing data prefixed to each printk message line
+			Format: <bool>  (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
+
+	processor.max_cstate=	[HW,ACPI]
+			Limit processor to maximum C-state
+			max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
+
+	processor.nocst	[HW,ACPI]
+			Ignore the _CST method to determine C-states,
+			instead using the legacy FADT method
+
+	profile=	[KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
+			Format: [schedule,]<number>
+			Param: "schedule" - profile schedule points.
+			Param: <number> - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
+				statistical time based profiling.
+			Param: "sleep" - profile D-state sleeping (millisecs).
+				Requires CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
+			Param: "kvm" - profile VM exits.
+
+	prompt_ramdisk=	[RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
+			before loading.
+			See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
+
+	psmouse.proto=	[HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
+			probe for; one of (bare|imps|exps|lifebook|any).
+	psmouse.rate=	[HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
+			per second.
+	psmouse.resetafter=	[HW,MOUSE]
+			Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
+			(0 = never).
+	psmouse.resolution=
+			[HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
+	psmouse.smartscroll=
+			[HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat.
+			0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
+
+	pstore.backend=	Specify the name of the pstore backend to use
+
+	pt.		[PARIDE]
+			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
+
+	pty.legacy_count=
+			[KNL] Number of legacy pty's. Overwrites compiled-in
+			default number.
+
+	quiet		[KNL] Disable most log messages
+
+	r128=		[HW,DRM]
+
+	raid=		[HW,RAID]
+			See Documentation/admin-guide/md.rst.
+
+	ramdisk_size=	[RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
+			See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
+
+	rcu_nocbs=	[KNL]
+			The argument is a cpu list, as described above.
+
+			In kernels built with CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=y, set
+			the specified list of CPUs to be no-callback CPUs.
+			Invocation of these CPUs' RCU callbacks will
+			be offloaded to "rcuox/N" kthreads created for
+			that purpose, where "x" is "b" for RCU-bh, "p"
+			for RCU-preempt, and "s" for RCU-sched, and "N"
+			is the CPU number.  This reduces OS jitter on the
+			offloaded CPUs, which can be useful for HPC and
+			real-time workloads.  It can also improve energy
+			efficiency for asymmetric multiprocessors.
+
+	rcu_nocb_poll	[KNL]
+			Rather than requiring that offloaded CPUs
+			(specified by rcu_nocbs= above) explicitly
+			awaken the corresponding "rcuoN" kthreads,
+			make these kthreads poll for callbacks.
+			This improves the real-time response for the
+			offloaded CPUs by relieving them of the need to
+			wake up the corresponding kthread, but degrades
+			energy efficiency by requiring that the kthreads
+			periodically wake up to do the polling.
+
+	rcutree.blimit=	[KNL]
+			Set maximum number of finished RCU callbacks to
+			process in one batch.
+
+	rcutree.dump_tree=	[KNL]
+			Dump the structure of the rcu_node combining tree
+			out at early boot.  This is used for diagnostic
+			purposes, to verify correct tree setup.
+
+	rcutree.gp_cleanup_delay=	[KNL]
+			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
+			RCU grace-period cleanup.  This only has effect
+			when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_CLEANUP is set.
+
+	rcutree.gp_init_delay=	[KNL]
+			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
+			RCU grace-period initialization.  This only has
+			effect when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_INIT
+			is set.
+
+	rcutree.gp_preinit_delay=	[KNL]
+			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
+			RCU grace-period pre-initialization, that is,
+			the propagation of recent CPU-hotplug changes up
+			the rcu_node combining tree.  This only has effect
+			when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_PREINIT is set.
+
+	rcutree.rcu_fanout_exact= [KNL]
+			Disable autobalancing of the rcu_node combining
+			tree.  This is used by rcutorture, and might
+			possibly be useful for architectures having high
+			cache-to-cache transfer latencies.
+
+	rcutree.rcu_fanout_leaf= [KNL]
+			Change the number of CPUs assigned to each
+			leaf rcu_node structure.  Useful for very
+			large systems, which will choose the value 64,
+			and for NUMA systems with large remote-access
+			latencies, which will choose a value aligned
+			with the appropriate hardware boundaries.
+
+	rcutree.jiffies_till_sched_qs= [KNL]
+			Set required age in jiffies for a
+			given grace period before RCU starts
+			soliciting quiescent-state help from
+			rcu_note_context_switch().
+
+	rcutree.jiffies_till_first_fqs= [KNL]
+			Set delay from grace-period initialization to
+			first attempt to force quiescent states.
+			Units are jiffies, minimum value is zero,
+			and maximum value is HZ.
+
+	rcutree.jiffies_till_next_fqs= [KNL]
+			Set delay between subsequent attempts to force
+			quiescent states.  Units are jiffies, minimum
+			value is one, and maximum value is HZ.
+
+	rcutree.kthread_prio= 	 [KNL,BOOT]
+			Set the SCHED_FIFO priority of the RCU per-CPU
+			kthreads (rcuc/N). This value is also used for
+			the priority of the RCU boost threads (rcub/N)
+			and for the RCU grace-period kthreads (rcu_bh,
+			rcu_preempt, and rcu_sched). If RCU_BOOST is
+			set, valid values are 1-99 and the default is 1
+			(the least-favored priority).  Otherwise, when
+			RCU_BOOST is not set, valid values are 0-99 and
+			the default is zero (non-realtime operation).
+
+	rcutree.rcu_nocb_leader_stride= [KNL]
+			Set the number of NOCB kthread groups, which
+			defaults to the square root of the number of
+			CPUs.  Larger numbers reduces the wakeup overhead
+			on the per-CPU grace-period kthreads, but increases
+			that same overhead on each group's leader.
+
+	rcutree.qhimark= [KNL]
+			Set threshold of queued RCU callbacks beyond which
+			batch limiting is disabled.
+
+	rcutree.qlowmark= [KNL]
+			Set threshold of queued RCU callbacks below which
+			batch limiting is re-enabled.
+
+	rcutree.rcu_idle_gp_delay= [KNL]
+			Set wakeup interval for idle CPUs that have
+			RCU callbacks (RCU_FAST_NO_HZ=y).
+
+	rcutree.rcu_idle_lazy_gp_delay= [KNL]
+			Set wakeup interval for idle CPUs that have
+			only "lazy" RCU callbacks (RCU_FAST_NO_HZ=y).
+			Lazy RCU callbacks are those which RCU can
+			prove do nothing more than free memory.
+
+	rcuperf.gp_exp= [KNL]
+			Measure performance of expedited synchronous
+			grace-period primitives.
+
+	rcuperf.holdoff= [KNL]
+			Set test-start holdoff period.  The purpose of
+			this parameter is to delay the start of the
+			test until boot completes in order to avoid
+			interference.
+
+	rcuperf.nreaders= [KNL]
+			Set number of RCU readers.  The value -1 selects
+			N, where N is the number of CPUs.  A value
+			"n" less than -1 selects N-n+1, where N is again
+			the number of CPUs.  For example, -2 selects N
+			(the number of CPUs), -3 selects N+1, and so on.
+			A value of "n" less than or equal to -N selects
+			a single reader.
+
+	rcuperf.nwriters= [KNL]
+			Set number of RCU writers.  The values operate
+			the same as for rcuperf.nreaders.
+			N, where N is the number of CPUs
+
+	rcuperf.perf_runnable= [BOOT]
+			Start rcuperf running at boot time.
+
+	rcuperf.shutdown= [KNL]
+			Shut the system down after performance tests
+			complete.  This is useful for hands-off automated
+			testing.
+
+	rcuperf.perf_type= [KNL]
+			Specify the RCU implementation to test.
+
+	rcuperf.verbose= [KNL]
+			Enable additional printk() statements.
+
+	rcutorture.cbflood_inter_holdoff= [KNL]
+			Set holdoff time (jiffies) between successive
+			callback-flood tests.
+
+	rcutorture.cbflood_intra_holdoff= [KNL]
+			Set holdoff time (jiffies) between successive
+			bursts of callbacks within a given callback-flood
+			test.
+
+	rcutorture.cbflood_n_burst= [KNL]
+			Set the number of bursts making up a given
+			callback-flood test.  Set this to zero to
+			disable callback-flood testing.
+
+	rcutorture.cbflood_n_per_burst= [KNL]
+			Set the number of callbacks to be registered
+			in a given burst of a callback-flood test.
+
+	rcutorture.fqs_duration= [KNL]
+			Set duration of force_quiescent_state bursts
+			in microseconds.
+
+	rcutorture.fqs_holdoff= [KNL]
+			Set holdoff time within force_quiescent_state bursts
+			in microseconds.
+
+	rcutorture.fqs_stutter= [KNL]
+			Set wait time between force_quiescent_state bursts
+			in seconds.
+
+	rcutorture.gp_cond= [KNL]
+			Use conditional/asynchronous update-side
+			primitives, if available.
+
+	rcutorture.gp_exp= [KNL]
+			Use expedited update-side primitives, if available.
+
+	rcutorture.gp_normal= [KNL]
+			Use normal (non-expedited) asynchronous
+			update-side primitives, if available.
+
+	rcutorture.gp_sync= [KNL]
+			Use normal (non-expedited) synchronous
+			update-side primitives, if available.  If all
+			of rcutorture.gp_cond=, rcutorture.gp_exp=,
+			rcutorture.gp_normal=, and rcutorture.gp_sync=
+			are zero, rcutorture acts as if is interpreted
+			they are all non-zero.
+
+	rcutorture.n_barrier_cbs= [KNL]
+			Set callbacks/threads for rcu_barrier() testing.
+
+	rcutorture.nfakewriters= [KNL]
+			Set number of concurrent RCU writers.  These just
+			stress RCU, they don't participate in the actual
+			test, hence the "fake".
+
+	rcutorture.nreaders= [KNL]
+			Set number of RCU readers.  The value -1 selects
+			N-1, where N is the number of CPUs.  A value
+			"n" less than -1 selects N-n-2, where N is again
+			the number of CPUs.  For example, -2 selects N
+			(the number of CPUs), -3 selects N+1, and so on.
+
+	rcutorture.object_debug= [KNL]
+			Enable debug-object double-call_rcu() testing.
+
+	rcutorture.onoff_holdoff= [KNL]
+			Set time (s) after boot for CPU-hotplug testing.
+
+	rcutorture.onoff_interval= [KNL]
+			Set time (s) between CPU-hotplug operations, or
+			zero to disable CPU-hotplug testing.
+
+	rcutorture.shuffle_interval= [KNL]
+			Set task-shuffle interval (s).  Shuffling tasks
+			allows some CPUs to go into dyntick-idle mode
+			during the rcutorture test.
+
+	rcutorture.shutdown_secs= [KNL]
+			Set time (s) after boot system shutdown.  This
+			is useful for hands-off automated testing.
+
+	rcutorture.stall_cpu= [KNL]
+			Duration of CPU stall (s) to test RCU CPU stall
+			warnings, zero to disable.
+
+	rcutorture.stall_cpu_holdoff= [KNL]
+			Time to wait (s) after boot before inducing stall.
+
+	rcutorture.stat_interval= [KNL]
+			Time (s) between statistics printk()s.
+
+	rcutorture.stutter= [KNL]
+			Time (s) to stutter testing, for example, specifying
+			five seconds causes the test to run for five seconds,
+			wait for five seconds, and so on.  This tests RCU's
+			ability to transition abruptly to and from idle.
+
+	rcutorture.test_boost= [KNL]
+			Test RCU priority boosting?  0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.
+			"Maybe" means test if the RCU implementation
+			under test support RCU priority boosting.
+
+	rcutorture.test_boost_duration= [KNL]
+			Duration (s) of each individual boost test.
+
+	rcutorture.test_boost_interval= [KNL]
+			Interval (s) between each boost test.
+
+	rcutorture.test_no_idle_hz= [KNL]
+			Test RCU's dyntick-idle handling.  See also the
+			rcutorture.shuffle_interval parameter.
+
+	rcutorture.torture_runnable= [BOOT]
+			Start rcutorture running at boot time.
+
+	rcutorture.torture_type= [KNL]
+			Specify the RCU implementation to test.
+
+	rcutorture.verbose= [KNL]
+			Enable additional printk() statements.
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_cpu_stall_suppress= [KNL]
+			Suppress RCU CPU stall warning messages.
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_cpu_stall_timeout= [KNL]
+			Set timeout for RCU CPU stall warning messages.
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_expedited= [KNL]
+			Use expedited grace-period primitives, for
+			example, synchronize_rcu_expedited() instead
+			of synchronize_rcu().  This reduces latency,
+			but can increase CPU utilization, degrade
+			real-time latency, and degrade energy efficiency.
+			No effect on CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_normal= [KNL]
+			Use only normal grace-period primitives,
+			for example, synchronize_rcu() instead of
+			synchronize_rcu_expedited().  This improves
+			real-time latency, CPU utilization, and
+			energy efficiency, but can expose users to
+			increased grace-period latency.  This parameter
+			overrides rcupdate.rcu_expedited.  No effect on
+			CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_normal_after_boot= [KNL]
+			Once boot has completed (that is, after
+			rcu_end_inkernel_boot() has been invoked), use
+			only normal grace-period primitives.  No effect
+			on CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_task_stall_timeout= [KNL]
+			Set timeout in jiffies for RCU task stall warning
+			messages.  Disable with a value less than or equal
+			to zero.
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_self_test= [KNL]
+			Run the RCU early boot self tests
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_self_test_bh= [KNL]
+			Run the RCU bh early boot self tests
+
+	rcupdate.rcu_self_test_sched= [KNL]
+			Run the RCU sched early boot self tests
+
+	rdinit=		[KNL]
+			Format: <full_path>
+			Run specified binary instead of /init from the ramdisk,
+			used for early userspace startup. See initrd.
+
+	reboot=		[KNL]
+			Format (x86 or x86_64):
+				[w[arm] | c[old] | h[ard] | s[oft] | g[pio]] \
+				[[,]s[mp]#### \
+				[[,]b[ios] | a[cpi] | k[bd] | t[riple] | e[fi] | p[ci]] \
+				[[,]f[orce]
+			Where reboot_mode is one of warm (soft) or cold (hard) or gpio,
+			      reboot_type is one of bios, acpi, kbd, triple, efi, or pci,
+			      reboot_force is either force or not specified,
+			      reboot_cpu is s[mp]#### with #### being the processor
+					to be used for rebooting.
+
+	relax_domain_level=
+			[KNL, SMP] Set scheduler's default relax_domain_level.
+			See Documentation/cgroup-v1/cpusets.txt.
+
+	relative_sleep_states=
+			[SUSPEND] Use sleep state labeling where the deepest
+			state available other than hibernation is always "mem".
+			Format: { "0" | "1" }
+			0 -- Traditional sleep state labels.
+			1 -- Relative sleep state labels.
+
+	reserve=	[KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
+
+	reservetop=	[X86-32]
+			Format: nn[KMG]
+			Reserves a hole at the top of the kernel virtual
+			address space.
+
+	reservelow=	[X86]
+			Format: nn[K]
+			Set the amount of memory to reserve for BIOS at
+			the bottom of the address space.
+
+	reset_devices	[KNL] Force drivers to reset the underlying device
+			during initialization.
+
+	resume=		[SWSUSP]
+			Specify the partition device for software suspend
+			Format:
+			{/dev/<dev> | PARTUUID=<uuid> | <int>:<int> | <hex>}
+
+	resume_offset=	[SWSUSP]
+			Specify the offset from the beginning of the partition
+			given by "resume=" at which the swap header is located,
+			in <PAGE_SIZE> units (needed only for swap files).
+			See  Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt
+
+	resumedelay=	[HIBERNATION] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
+			read the resume files
+
+	resumewait	[HIBERNATION] Wait (indefinitely) for resume device to show up.
+			Useful for devices that are detected asynchronously
+			(e.g. USB and MMC devices).
+
+	hibernate=	[HIBERNATION]
+		noresume	Don't check if there's a hibernation image
+				present during boot.
+		nocompress	Don't compress/decompress hibernation images.
+		no		Disable hibernation and resume.
+		protect_image	Turn on image protection during restoration
+				(that will set all pages holding image data
+				during restoration read-only).
+
+	retain_initrd	[RAM] Keep initrd memory after extraction
+
+	rfkill.default_state=
+		0	"airplane mode".  All wifi, bluetooth, wimax, gps, fm,
+			etc. communication is blocked by default.
+		1	Unblocked.
+
+	rfkill.master_switch_mode=
+		0	The "airplane mode" button does nothing.
+		1	The "airplane mode" button toggles between everything
+			blocked and the previous configuration.
+		2	The "airplane mode" button toggles between everything
+			blocked and everything unblocked.
+
+	rhash_entries=	[KNL,NET]
+			Set number of hash buckets for route cache
+
+	ro		[KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
+
+	rodata=		[KNL]
+		on	Mark read-only kernel memory as read-only (default).
+		off	Leave read-only kernel memory writable for debugging.
+
+	rockchip.usb_uart
+			Enable the uart passthrough on the designated usb port
+			on Rockchip SoCs. When active, the signals of the
+			debug-uart get routed to the D+ and D- pins of the usb
+			port and the regular usb controller gets disabled.
+
+	root=		[KNL] Root filesystem
+			See name_to_dev_t comment in init/do_mounts.c.
+
+	rootdelay=	[KNL] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
+			mount the root filesystem
+
+	rootflags=	[KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
+
+	rootfstype=	[KNL] Set root filesystem type
+
+	rootwait	[KNL] Wait (indefinitely) for root device to show up.
+			Useful for devices that are detected asynchronously
+			(e.g. USB and MMC devices).
+
+	rproc_mem=nn[KMG][@address]
+			[KNL,ARM,CMA] Remoteproc physical memory block.
+			Memory area to be used by remote processor image,
+			managed by CMA.
+
+	rw		[KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
+
+	S		[KNL] Run init in single mode
+
+	s390_iommu=	[HW,S390]
+			Set s390 IOTLB flushing mode
+		strict
+			With strict flushing every unmap operation will result in
+			an IOTLB flush. Default is lazy flushing before reuse,
+			which is faster.
+
+	sa1100ir	[NET]
+			See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
+
+	sbni=		[NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
+
+	sched_debug	[KNL] Enables verbose scheduler debug messages.
+
+	schedstats=	[KNL,X86] Enable or disable scheduled statistics.
+			Allowed values are enable and disable. This feature
+			incurs a small amount of overhead in the scheduler
+			but is useful for debugging and performance tuning.
+
+	skew_tick=	[KNL] Offset the periodic timer tick per cpu to mitigate
+			xtime_lock contention on larger systems, and/or RCU lock
+			contention on all systems with CONFIG_MAXSMP set.
+			Format: { "0" | "1" }
+			0 -- disable. (may be 1 via CONFIG_CMDLINE="skew_tick=1"
+			1 -- enable.
+			Note: increases power consumption, thus should only be
+			enabled if running jitter sensitive (HPC/RT) workloads.
+
+	security=	[SECURITY] Choose a security module to enable at boot.
+			If this boot parameter is not specified, only the first
+			security module asking for security registration will be
+			loaded. An invalid security module name will be treated
+			as if no module has been chosen.
+
+	selinux=	[SELINUX] Disable or enable SELinux at boot time.
+			Format: { "0" | "1" }
+			See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
+			0 -- disable.
+			1 -- enable.
+			Default value is set via kernel config option.
+			If enabled at boot time, /selinux/disable can be used
+			later to disable prior to initial policy load.
+
+	apparmor=	[APPARMOR] Disable or enable AppArmor at boot time
+			Format: { "0" | "1" }
+			See security/apparmor/Kconfig help text
+			0 -- disable.
+			1 -- enable.
+			Default value is set via kernel config option.
+
+	serialnumber	[BUGS=X86-32]
+
+	shapers=	[NET]
+			Maximal number of shapers.
+
+	show_msr=	[x86] show boot-time MSR settings
+			Format: { <integer> }
+			Show boot-time (BIOS-initialized) MSR settings.
+			The parameter means the number of CPUs to show,
+			for example 1 means boot CPU only.
+
+	simeth=		[IA-64]
+	simscsi=
+
+	slram=		[HW,MTD]
+
+	slab_nomerge	[MM]
+			Disable merging of slabs with similar size. May be
+			necessary if there is some reason to distinguish
+			allocs to different slabs. Debug options disable
+			merging on their own.
+			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
+
+	slab_max_order=	[MM, SLAB]
+			Determines the maximum allowed order for slabs.
+			A high setting may cause OOMs due to memory
+			fragmentation.  Defaults to 1 for systems with
+			more than 32MB of RAM, 0 otherwise.
+
+	slub_debug[=options[,slabs]]	[MM, SLUB]
+			Enabling slub_debug allows one to determine the
+			culprit if slab objects become corrupted. Enabling
+			slub_debug can create guard zones around objects and
+			may poison objects when not in use. Also tracks the
+			last alloc / free. For more information see
+			Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
+
+	slub_max_order= [MM, SLUB]
+			Determines the maximum allowed order for slabs.
+			A high setting may cause OOMs due to memory
+			fragmentation. For more information see
+			Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
+
+	slub_min_objects=	[MM, SLUB]
+			The minimum number of objects per slab. SLUB will
+			increase the slab order up to slub_max_order to
+			generate a sufficiently large slab able to contain
+			the number of objects indicated. The higher the number
+			of objects the smaller the overhead of tracking slabs
+			and the less frequently locks need to be acquired.
+			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
+
+	slub_min_order=	[MM, SLUB]
+			Determines the minimum page order for slabs. Must be
+			lower than slub_max_order.
+			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
+
+	slub_nomerge	[MM, SLUB]
+			Same with slab_nomerge. This is supported for legacy.
+			See slab_nomerge for more information.
+
+	smart2=		[HW]
+			Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
+
+	smsc-ircc2.nopnp	[HW] Don't use PNP to discover SMC devices
+	smsc-ircc2.ircc_cfg=	[HW] Device configuration I/O port
+	smsc-ircc2.ircc_sir=	[HW] SIR base I/O port
+	smsc-ircc2.ircc_fir=	[HW] FIR base I/O port
+	smsc-ircc2.ircc_irq=	[HW] IRQ line
+	smsc-ircc2.ircc_dma=	[HW] DMA channel
+	smsc-ircc2.ircc_transceiver= [HW] Transceiver type:
+				0: Toshiba Satellite 1800 (GP data pin select)
+				1: Fast pin select (default)
+				2: ATC IRMode
+
+	smt		[KNL,S390] Set the maximum number of threads (logical
+			CPUs) to use per physical CPU on systems capable of
+			symmetric multithreading (SMT). Will be capped to the
+			actual hardware limit.
+			Format: <integer>
+			Default: -1 (no limit)
+
+	softlockup_panic=
+			[KNL] Should the soft-lockup detector generate panics.
+			Format: <integer>
+
+	softlockup_all_cpu_backtrace=
+			[KNL] Should the soft-lockup detector generate
+			backtraces on all cpus.
+			Format: <integer>
+
+	sonypi.*=	[HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
+			See Documentation/laptops/sonypi.txt
+
+	spia_io_base=	[HW,MTD]
+	spia_fio_base=
+	spia_pedr=
+	spia_peddr=
+
+	stacktrace	[FTRACE]
+			Enabled the stack tracer on boot up.
+
+	stacktrace_filter=[function-list]
+			[FTRACE] Limit the functions that the stack tracer
+			will trace at boot up. function-list is a comma separated
+			list of functions. This list can be changed at run
+			time by the stack_trace_filter file in the debugfs
+			tracing directory. Note, this enables stack tracing
+			and the stacktrace above is not needed.
+
+	sti=		[PARISC,HW]
+			Format: <num>
+			Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
+			machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
+			as the initial boot-console.
+			See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
+
+	sti_font=	[HW]
+			See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
+
+	stifb=		[HW]
+			Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
+
+	sunrpc.min_resvport=
+	sunrpc.max_resvport=
+			[NFS,SUNRPC]
+			SunRPC servers often require that client requests
+			originate from a privileged port (i.e. a port in the
+			range 0 < portnr < 1024).
+			An administrator who wishes to reserve some of these
+			ports for other uses may adjust the range that the
+			kernel's sunrpc client considers to be privileged
+			using these two parameters to set the minimum and
+			maximum port values.
+
+	sunrpc.svc_rpc_per_connection_limit=
+			[NFS,SUNRPC]
+			Limit the number of requests that the server will
+			process in parallel from a single connection.
+			The default value is 0 (no limit).
+
+	sunrpc.pool_mode=
+			[NFS]
+			Control how the NFS server code allocates CPUs to
+			service thread pools.  Depending on how many NICs
+			you have and where their interrupts are bound, this
+			option will affect which CPUs will do NFS serving.
+			Note: this parameter cannot be changed while the
+			NFS server is running.
+
+			auto	    the server chooses an appropriate mode
+				    automatically using heuristics
+			global	    a single global pool contains all CPUs
+			percpu	    one pool for each CPU
+			pernode	    one pool for each NUMA node (equivalent
+				    to global on non-NUMA machines)
+
+	sunrpc.tcp_slot_table_entries=
+	sunrpc.udp_slot_table_entries=
+			[NFS,SUNRPC]
+			Sets the upper limit on the number of simultaneous
+			RPC calls that can be sent from the client to a
+			server. Increasing these values may allow you to
+			improve throughput, but will also increase the
+			amount of memory reserved for use by the client.
+
+	suspend.pm_test_delay=
+			[SUSPEND]
+			Sets the number of seconds to remain in a suspend test
+			mode before resuming the system (see
+			/sys/power/pm_test). Only available when CONFIG_PM_DEBUG
+			is set. Default value is 5.
+
+	swapaccount=[0|1]
+			[KNL] Enable accounting of swap in memory resource
+			controller if no parameter or 1 is given or disable
+			it if 0 is given (See Documentation/cgroup-v1/memory.txt)
+
+	swiotlb=	[ARM,IA-64,PPC,MIPS,X86]
+			Format: { <int> | force }
+			<int> -- Number of I/O TLB slabs
+			force -- force using of bounce buffers even if they
+			         wouldn't be automatically used by the kernel
+
+	switches=	[HW,M68k]
+
+	sysfs.deprecated=0|1 [KNL]
+			Enable/disable old style sysfs layout for old udev
+			on older distributions. When this option is enabled
+			very new udev will not work anymore. When this option
+			is disabled (or CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED not compiled)
+			in older udev will not work anymore.
+			Default depends on CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2 set in
+			the kernel configuration.
+
+	sysrq_always_enabled
+			[KNL]
+			Ignore sysrq setting - this boot parameter will
+			neutralize any effect of /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq.
+			Useful for debugging.
+
+	tcpmhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
+			Set the number of tcp_metrics_hash slots.
+			Default value is 8192 or 16384 depending on total
+			ram pages. This is used to specify the TCP metrics
+			cache size. See Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
+			"tcp_no_metrics_save" section for more details.
+
+	tdfx=		[HW,DRM]
+
+	test_suspend=	[SUSPEND][,N]
+			Specify "mem" (for Suspend-to-RAM) or "standby" (for
+			standby suspend) or "freeze" (for suspend type freeze)
+			as the system sleep state during system startup with
+			the optional capability to repeat N number of times.
+			The system is woken from this state using a
+			wakeup-capable RTC alarm.
+
+	thash_entries=	[KNL,NET]
+			Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
+
+	thermal.act=	[HW,ACPI]
+			-1: disable all active trip points in all thermal zones
+			<degrees C>: override all lowest active trip points
+
+	thermal.crt=	[HW,ACPI]
+			-1: disable all critical trip points in all thermal zones
+			<degrees C>: override all critical trip points
+
+	thermal.nocrt=	[HW,ACPI]
+			Set to disable actions on ACPI thermal zone
+			critical and hot trip points.
+
+	thermal.off=	[HW,ACPI]
+			1: disable ACPI thermal control
+
+	thermal.psv=	[HW,ACPI]
+			-1: disable all passive trip points
+			<degrees C>: override all passive trip points to this
+			value
+
+	thermal.tzp=	[HW,ACPI]
+			Specify global default ACPI thermal zone polling rate
+			<deci-seconds>: poll all this frequency
+			0: no polling (default)
+
+	threadirqs	[KNL]
+			Force threading of all interrupt handlers except those
+			marked explicitly IRQF_NO_THREAD.
+
+	tmem		[KNL,XEN]
+			Enable the Transcendent memory driver if built-in.
+
+	tmem.cleancache=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
+			Default is on (1). Disable the usage of the cleancache
+			API to send anonymous pages to the hypervisor.
+
+	tmem.frontswap=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
+			Default is on (1). Disable the usage of the frontswap
+			API to send swap pages to the hypervisor. If disabled
+			the selfballooning and selfshrinking are force disabled.
+
+	tmem.selfballooning=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
+			Default is on (1). Disable the driving of swap pages
+			to the hypervisor.
+
+	tmem.selfshrinking=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
+			Default is on (1). Partial swapoff that immediately
+			transfers pages from Xen hypervisor back to the
+			kernel based on different criteria.
+
+	topology=	[S390]
+			Format: {off | on}
+			Specify if the kernel should make use of the cpu
+			topology information if the hardware supports this.
+			The scheduler will make use of this information and
+			e.g. base its process migration decisions on it.
+			Default is on.
+
+	topology_updates= [KNL, PPC, NUMA]
+			Format: {off}
+			Specify if the kernel should ignore (off)
+			topology updates sent by the hypervisor to this
+			LPAR.
+
+	tp720=		[HW,PS2]
+
+	tpm_suspend_pcr=[HW,TPM]
+			Format: integer pcr id
+			Specify that at suspend time, the tpm driver
+			should extend the specified pcr with zeros,
+			as a workaround for some chips which fail to
+			flush the last written pcr on TPM_SaveState.
+			This will guarantee that all the other pcrs
+			are saved.
+
+	trace_buf_size=nn[KMG]
+			[FTRACE] will set tracing buffer size on each cpu.
+
+	trace_event=[event-list]
+			[FTRACE] Set and start specified trace events in order
+			to facilitate early boot debugging. The event-list is a
+			comma separated list of trace events to enable. See
+			also Documentation/trace/events.txt
+
+	trace_options=[option-list]
+			[FTRACE] Enable or disable tracer options at boot.
+			The option-list is a comma delimited list of options
+			that can be enabled or disabled just as if you were
+			to echo the option name into
+
+			    /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_options
+
+			For example, to enable stacktrace option (to dump the
+			stack trace of each event), add to the command line:
+
+			      trace_options=stacktrace
+
+			See also Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt "trace options"
+			section.
+
+	tp_printk[FTRACE]
+			Have the tracepoints sent to printk as well as the
+			tracing ring buffer. This is useful for early boot up
+			where the system hangs or reboots and does not give the
+			option for reading the tracing buffer or performing a
+			ftrace_dump_on_oops.
+
+			To turn off having tracepoints sent to printk,
+			 echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/tracepoint_printk
+			Note, echoing 1 into this file without the
+			tracepoint_printk kernel cmdline option has no effect.
+
+			** CAUTION **
+
+			Having tracepoints sent to printk() and activating high
+			frequency tracepoints such as irq or sched, can cause
+			the system to live lock.
+
+	traceoff_on_warning
+			[FTRACE] enable this option to disable tracing when a
+			warning is hit. This turns off "tracing_on". Tracing can
+			be enabled again by echoing '1' into the "tracing_on"
+			file located in /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/
+
+			This option is useful, as it disables the trace before
+			the WARNING dump is called, which prevents the trace to
+			be filled with content caused by the warning output.
+
+			This option can also be set at run time via the sysctl
+			option:  kernel/traceoff_on_warning
+
+	transparent_hugepage=
+			[KNL]
+			Format: [always|madvise|never]
+			Can be used to control the default behavior of the system
+			with respect to transparent hugepages.
+			See Documentation/vm/transhuge.txt for more details.
+
+	tsc=		Disable clocksource stability checks for TSC.
+			Format: <string>
+			[x86] reliable: mark tsc clocksource as reliable, this
+			disables clocksource verification at runtime, as well
+			as the stability checks done at bootup.	Used to enable
+			high-resolution timer mode on older hardware, and in
+			virtualized environment.
+			[x86] noirqtime: Do not use TSC to do irq accounting.
+			Used to run time disable IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING on any
+			platforms where RDTSC is slow and this accounting
+			can add overhead.
+
+	turbografx.map[2|3]=	[HW,JOY]
+			TurboGraFX parallel port interface
+			Format:
+			<port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
+			See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
+
+	udbg-immortal	[PPC] When debugging early kernel crashes that
+			happen after console_init() and before a proper
+			console driver takes over, this boot options might
+			help "seeing" what's going on.
+
+	uhash_entries=	[KNL,NET]
+			Set number of hash buckets for UDP/UDP-Lite connections
+
+	uhci-hcd.ignore_oc=
+			[USB] Ignore overcurrent events (default N).
+			Some badly-designed motherboards generate lots of
+			bogus events, for ports that aren't wired to
+			anything.  Set this parameter to avoid log spamming.
+			Note that genuine overcurrent events won't be
+			reported either.
+
+	unknown_nmi_panic
+			[X86] Cause panic on unknown NMI.
+
+	usbcore.authorized_default=
+			[USB] Default USB device authorization:
+			(default -1 = authorized except for wireless USB,
+			0 = not authorized, 1 = authorized)
+
+	usbcore.autosuspend=
+			[USB] The autosuspend time delay (in seconds) used
+			for newly-detected USB devices (default 2).  This
+			is the time required before an idle device will be
+			autosuspended.  Devices for which the delay is set
+			to a negative value won't be autosuspended at all.
+
+	usbcore.usbfs_snoop=
+			[USB] Set to log all usbfs traffic (default 0 = off).
+
+	usbcore.usbfs_snoop_max=
+			[USB] Maximum number of bytes to snoop in each URB
+			(default = 65536).
+
+	usbcore.blinkenlights=
+			[USB] Set to cycle leds on hubs (default 0 = off).
+
+	usbcore.old_scheme_first=
+			[USB] Start with the old device initialization
+			scheme (default 0 = off).
+
+	usbcore.usbfs_memory_mb=
+			[USB] Memory limit (in MB) for buffers allocated by
+			usbfs (default = 16, 0 = max = 2047).
+
+	usbcore.use_both_schemes=
+			[USB] Try the other device initialization scheme
+			if the first one fails (default 1 = enabled).
+
+	usbcore.initial_descriptor_timeout=
+			[USB] Specifies timeout for the initial 64-byte
+                        USB_REQ_GET_DESCRIPTOR request in milliseconds
+			(default 5000 = 5.0 seconds).
+
+	usbcore.nousb	[USB] Disable the USB subsystem
+
+	usbhid.mousepoll=
+			[USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at.
+
+	usb-storage.delay_use=
+			[UMS] The delay in seconds before a new device is
+			scanned for Logical Units (default 1).
+
+	usb-storage.quirks=
+			[UMS] A list of quirks entries to supplement or
+			override the built-in unusual_devs list.  List
+			entries are separated by commas.  Each entry has
+			the form VID:PID:Flags where VID and PID are Vendor
+			and Product ID values (4-digit hex numbers) and
+			Flags is a set of characters, each corresponding
+			to a common usb-storage quirk flag as follows:
+				a = SANE_SENSE (collect more than 18 bytes
+					of sense data);
+				b = BAD_SENSE (don't collect more than 18
+					bytes of sense data);
+				c = FIX_CAPACITY (decrease the reported
+					device capacity by one sector);
+				d = NO_READ_DISC_INFO (don't use
+					READ_DISC_INFO command);
+				e = NO_READ_CAPACITY_16 (don't use
+					READ_CAPACITY_16 command);
+				f = NO_REPORT_OPCODES (don't use report opcodes
+					command, uas only);
+				g = MAX_SECTORS_240 (don't transfer more than
+					240 sectors at a time, uas only);
+				h = CAPACITY_HEURISTICS (decrease the
+					reported device capacity by one
+					sector if the number is odd);
+				i = IGNORE_DEVICE (don't bind to this
+					device);
+				j = NO_REPORT_LUNS (don't use report luns
+					command, uas only);
+				l = NOT_LOCKABLE (don't try to lock and
+					unlock ejectable media);
+				m = MAX_SECTORS_64 (don't transfer more
+					than 64 sectors = 32 KB at a time);
+				n = INITIAL_READ10 (force a retry of the
+					initial READ(10) command);
+				o = CAPACITY_OK (accept the capacity
+					reported by the device);
+				p = WRITE_CACHE (the device cache is ON
+					by default);
+				r = IGNORE_RESIDUE (the device reports
+					bogus residue values);
+				s = SINGLE_LUN (the device has only one
+					Logical Unit);
+				t = NO_ATA_1X (don't allow ATA(12) and ATA(16)
+					commands, uas only);
+				u = IGNORE_UAS (don't bind to the uas driver);
+				w = NO_WP_DETECT (don't test whether the
+					medium is write-protected).
+				y = ALWAYS_SYNC (issue a SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE
+					even if the device claims no cache)
+			Example: quirks=0419:aaf5:rl,0421:0433:rc
+
+	user_debug=	[KNL,ARM]
+			Format: <int>
+			See arch/arm/Kconfig.debug help text.
+				 1 - undefined instruction events
+				 2 - system calls
+				 4 - invalid data aborts
+				 8 - SIGSEGV faults
+				16 - SIGBUS faults
+			Example: user_debug=31
+
+	userpte=
+			[X86] Flags controlling user PTE allocations.
+
+				nohigh = do not allocate PTE pages in
+					HIGHMEM regardless of setting
+					of CONFIG_HIGHPTE.
+
+	vdso=		[X86,SH]
+			On X86_32, this is an alias for vdso32=.  Otherwise:
+
+			vdso=1: enable VDSO (the default)
+			vdso=0: disable VDSO mapping
+
+	vdso32=		[X86] Control the 32-bit vDSO
+			vdso32=1: enable 32-bit VDSO
+			vdso32=0 or vdso32=2: disable 32-bit VDSO
+
+			See the help text for CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO for more
+			details.  If CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO is set, the default is
+			vdso32=0; otherwise, the default is vdso32=1.
+
+			For compatibility with older kernels, vdso32=2 is an
+			alias for vdso32=0.
+
+			Try vdso32=0 if you encounter an error that says:
+			dl_main: Assertion `(void *) ph->p_vaddr == _rtld_local._dl_sysinfo_dso' failed!
+
+	vector=		[IA-64,SMP]
+			vector=percpu: enable percpu vector domain
+
+	video=		[FB] Frame buffer configuration
+			See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
+
+	video.brightness_switch_enabled= [0,1]
+			If set to 1, on receiving an ACPI notify event
+			generated by hotkey, video driver will adjust brightness
+			level and then send out the event to user space through
+			the allocated input device; If set to 0, video driver
+			will only send out the event without touching backlight
+			brightness level.
+			default: 1
+
+	virtio_mmio.device=
+			[VMMIO] Memory mapped virtio (platform) device.
+
+				<size>@<baseaddr>:<irq>[:<id>]
+			where:
+				<size>     := size (can use standard suffixes
+						like K, M and G)
+				<baseaddr> := physical base address
+				<irq>      := interrupt number (as passed to
+						request_irq())
+				<id>       := (optional) platform device id
+			example:
+				virtio_mmio.device=1K@0x100b0000:48:7
+
+			Can be used multiple times for multiple devices.
+
+	vga=		[BOOT,X86-32] Select a particular video mode
+			See Documentation/x86/boot.txt and
+			Documentation/svga.txt.
+			Use vga=ask for menu.
+			This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
+			passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
+
+	vmalloc=nn[KMG]	[KNL,BOOT] Forces the vmalloc area to have an exact
+			size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the
+			minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to
+			decrease the size and leave more room for directly
+			mapped kernel RAM.
+
+	vmhalt=		[KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after system halt.
+			Format: <command>
+
+	vmpanic=	[KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after kernel panic.
+			Format: <command>
+
+	vmpoff=		[KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after power off.
+			Format: <command>
+
+	vsyscall=	[X86-64]
+			Controls the behavior of vsyscalls (i.e. calls to
+			fixed addresses of 0xffffffffff600x00 from legacy
+			code).  Most statically-linked binaries and older
+			versions of glibc use these calls.  Because these
+			functions are at fixed addresses, they make nice
+			targets for exploits that can control RIP.
+
+			emulate     [default] Vsyscalls turn into traps and are
+			            emulated reasonably safely.
+
+			native      Vsyscalls are native syscall instructions.
+			            This is a little bit faster than trapping
+			            and makes a few dynamic recompilers work
+			            better than they would in emulation mode.
+			            It also makes exploits much easier to write.
+
+			none        Vsyscalls don't work at all.  This makes
+			            them quite hard to use for exploits but
+			            might break your system.
+
+	vt.color=	[VT] Default text color.
+			Format: 0xYX, X = foreground, Y = background.
+			Default: 0x07 = light gray on black.
+
+	vt.cur_default=	[VT] Default cursor shape.
+			Format: 0xCCBBAA, where AA, BB, and CC are the same as
+			the parameters of the <Esc>[?A;B;Cc escape sequence;
+			see VGA-softcursor.txt. Default: 2 = underline.
+
+	vt.default_blu=	[VT]
+			Format: <blue0>,<blue1>,<blue2>,...,<blue15>
+			Change the default blue palette of the console.
+			This is a 16-member array composed of values
+			ranging from 0-255.
+
+	vt.default_grn=	[VT]
+			Format: <green0>,<green1>,<green2>,...,<green15>
+			Change the default green palette of the console.
+			This is a 16-member array composed of values
+			ranging from 0-255.
+
+	vt.default_red=	[VT]
+			Format: <red0>,<red1>,<red2>,...,<red15>
+			Change the default red palette of the console.
+			This is a 16-member array composed of values
+			ranging from 0-255.
+
+	vt.default_utf8=
+			[VT]
+			Format=<0|1>
+			Set system-wide default UTF-8 mode for all tty's.
+			Default is 1, i.e. UTF-8 mode is enabled for all
+			newly opened terminals.
+
+	vt.global_cursor_default=
+			[VT]
+			Format=<-1|0|1>
+			Set system-wide default for whether a cursor
+			is shown on new VTs. Default is -1,
+			i.e. cursors will be created by default unless
+			overridden by individual drivers. 0 will hide
+			cursors, 1 will display them.
+
+	vt.italic=	[VT] Default color for italic text; 0-15.
+			Default: 2 = green.
+
+	vt.underline=	[VT] Default color for underlined text; 0-15.
+			Default: 3 = cyan.
+
+	watchdog timers	[HW,WDT] For information on watchdog timers,
+			see Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-parameters.txt
+			or other driver-specific files in the
+			Documentation/watchdog/ directory.
+
+	workqueue.watchdog_thresh=
+			If CONFIG_WQ_WATCHDOG is configured, workqueue can
+			warn stall conditions and dump internal state to
+			help debugging.  0 disables workqueue stall
+			detection; otherwise, it's the stall threshold
+			duration in seconds.  The default value is 30 and
+			it can be updated at runtime by writing to the
+			corresponding sysfs file.
+
+	workqueue.disable_numa
+			By default, all work items queued to unbound
+			workqueues are affine to the NUMA nodes they're
+			issued on, which results in better behavior in
+			general.  If NUMA affinity needs to be disabled for
+			whatever reason, this option can be used.  Note
+			that this also can be controlled per-workqueue for
+			workqueues visible under /sys/bus/workqueue/.
+
+	workqueue.power_efficient
+			Per-cpu workqueues are generally preferred because
+			they show better performance thanks to cache
+			locality; unfortunately, per-cpu workqueues tend to
+			be more power hungry than unbound workqueues.
+
+			Enabling this makes the per-cpu workqueues which
+			were observed to contribute significantly to power
+			consumption unbound, leading to measurably lower
+			power usage at the cost of small performance
+			overhead.
+
+			The default value of this parameter is determined by
+			the config option CONFIG_WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT_DEFAULT.
+
+	workqueue.debug_force_rr_cpu
+			Workqueue used to implicitly guarantee that work
+			items queued without explicit CPU specified are put
+			on the local CPU.  This guarantee is no longer true
+			and while local CPU is still preferred work items
+			may be put on foreign CPUs.  This debug option
+			forces round-robin CPU selection to flush out
+			usages which depend on the now broken guarantee.
+			When enabled, memory and cache locality will be
+			impacted.
+
+	x2apic_phys	[X86-64,APIC] Use x2apic physical mode instead of
+			default x2apic cluster mode on platforms
+			supporting x2apic.
+
+	x86_intel_mid_timer= [X86-32,APBT]
+			Choose timer option for x86 Intel MID platform.
+			Two valid options are apbt timer only and lapic timer
+			plus one apbt timer for broadcast timer.
+			x86_intel_mid_timer=apbt_only | lapic_and_apbt
+
+	xen_512gb_limit		[KNL,X86-64,XEN]
+			Restricts the kernel running paravirtualized under Xen
+			to use only up to 512 GB of RAM. The reason to do so is
+			crash analysis tools and Xen tools for doing domain
+			save/restore/migration must be enabled to handle larger
+			domains.
+
+	xen_emul_unplug=		[HW,X86,XEN]
+			Unplug Xen emulated devices
+			Format: [unplug0,][unplug1]
+			ide-disks -- unplug primary master IDE devices
+			aux-ide-disks -- unplug non-primary-master IDE devices
+			nics -- unplug network devices
+			all -- unplug all emulated devices (NICs and IDE disks)
+			unnecessary -- unplugging emulated devices is
+				unnecessary even if the host did not respond to
+				the unplug protocol
+			never -- do not unplug even if version check succeeds
+
+	xen_nopvspin	[X86,XEN]
+			Disables the ticketlock slowpath using Xen PV
+			optimizations.
+
+	xen_nopv	[X86]
+			Disables the PV optimizations forcing the HVM guest to
+			run as generic HVM guest with no PV drivers.
+
+	xirc2ps_cs=	[NET,PCMCIA]
+			Format:
+			<irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]

Documentation/admin-guide/mono.rst

@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ other program after you have done the following:
    more about the configuration process.
 
 3) Add the following entries to ``/etc/rc.local`` or similar script
-   to be run at system startup::
+   to be run at system startup:
+
+   .. code-block:: sh
 
     # Insert BINFMT_MISC module into the kernel
     if [ ! -e /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register ]; then

Documentation/admin-guide/ramoops.rst

@@ -78,7 +78,9 @@ Setting the ramoops parameters can be done in several different manners:
 	};
 
  C. Use a platform device and set the platform data. The parameters can then
- be set through that platform data. An example of doing that is::
+ be set through that platform data. An example of doing that is:
+
+ .. code-block:: c
 
   #include <linux/pstore_ram.h>
   [...]

Documentation/conf.py

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ pygments_style = 'sphinx'
 todo_include_todos = False
 
 primary_domain = 'C'
-highlight_language = 'guess'
+highlight_language = 'none'
 
 # -- Options for HTML output ----------------------------------------------
 
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ latex_elements = {
 # (source start file, target name, title,
 #  author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
 latex_documents = [
-    ('user/index', 'linux-user.tex', 'Linux Kernel User Documentation',
+    ('admin-guide/index', 'linux-user.tex', 'Linux Kernel User Documentation',
      'The kernel development community', 'manual'),
     ('kernel-documentation', 'kernel-documentation.tex', 'The Linux Kernel Documentation',
      'The kernel development community', 'manual'),

Documentation/dev-tools/gcov.rst

@@ -201,7 +201,9 @@ Appendix A: gather_on_build.sh
 ------------------------------
 
 Sample script to gather coverage meta files on the build machine
-(see 6a)::
+(see 6a):
+
+.. code-block:: sh
 
     #!/bin/bash
 
@@ -232,7 +234,9 @@ Appendix B: gather_on_test.sh
 -----------------------------
 
 Sample script to gather coverage data files on the test machine
-(see 6b)::
+(see 6b):
+
+.. code-block:: sh
 
     #!/bin/bash -e
 

Documentation/dev-tools/kcov.rst

@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ Profiling data will only become accessible once debugfs has been mounted::
 
         mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug
 
-The following program demonstrates kcov usage from within a test program::
+The following program demonstrates kcov usage from within a test program:
+
+.. code-block:: c
 
     #include <stdio.h>
     #include <stddef.h>

Documentation/gpu/drm-kms.rst

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ Connectors state change detection must be cleanup up with a call to
 Output discovery and initialization example
 -------------------------------------------
 
-::
+.. code-block:: c
 
     void intel_crt_init(struct drm_device *dev)
     {

Documentation/gpu/drm-mm.rst

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ the radeon_ttm.c file for an example of usage.
 
 The ttm_global_reference structure is made up of several fields:
 
-::
+.. code-block:: c
 
               struct ttm_global_reference {
                       enum ttm_global_types global_type;