tracing: probeevent: Add array type support

Add array type support for probe events.
This allows user to get arraied types from memory address.
The array type syntax is

	TYPE[N]

Where TYPE is one of types (u8/16/32/64,s8/16/32/64,
x8/16/32/64, symbol, string) and N is a fixed value less
than 64.

The string array type is a bit different from other types. For
other base types, <base-type>[1] is equal to <base-type>
(e.g. +0(%di):x32[1] is same as +0(%di):x32.) But string[1] is not
equal to string. The string type itself represents "char array",
but string array type represents "char * array". So, for example,
+0(%di):string[1] is equal to +0(+0(%di)):string.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/152465891533.26224.6150658225601339931.stgit@devbox

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Documentation/trace/kprobetrace.rst

@@ -64,9 +64,20 @@ respectively. 'x' prefix implies it is unsigned. Traced arguments are shown
 in decimal ('s' and 'u') or hexadecimal ('x'). Without type casting, 'x32'
 or 'x64' is used depends on the architecture (e.g. x86-32 uses x32, and
 x86-64 uses x64).
+These value types can be an array. To record array data, you can add '[N]'
+(where N is a fixed number, less than 64) to the base type.
+E.g. 'x16[4]' means an array of x16 (2bytes hex) with 4 elements.
+Note that the array can be applied to memory type fetchargs, you can not
+apply it to registers/stack-entries etc. (for example, '$stack1:x8[8]' is
+wrong, but '+8($stack):x8[8]' is OK.)
 String type is a special type, which fetches a "null-terminated" string from
 kernel space. This means it will fail and store NULL if the string container
 has been paged out.
+The string array type is a bit different from other types. For other base
+types, <base-type>[1] is equal to <base-type> (e.g. +0(%di):x32[1] is same
+as +0(%di):x32.) But string[1] is not equal to string. The string type itself
+represents "char array", but string array type represents "char * array".
+So, for example, +0(%di):string[1] is equal to +0(+0(%di)):string.
 Bitfield is another special type, which takes 3 parameters, bit-width, bit-
 offset, and container-size (usually 32). The syntax is::
 

kernel/trace/trace.c

@@ -4627,7 +4627,8 @@ static const char readme_msg[] =
 	"\t fetcharg: %<register>, @<address>, @<symbol>[+|-<offset>],\n"
 	"\t           $stack<index>, $stack, $retval, $comm\n"
 	"\t     type: s8/16/32/64, u8/16/32/64, x8/16/32/64, string, symbol,\n"
-	"\t           b<bit-width>@<bit-offset>/<container-size>\n"
+	"\t           b<bit-width>@<bit-offset>/<container-size>,\n"
+	"\t           <type>\\[<array-size>\\]\n"
 #endif
 	"  events/\t\t- Directory containing all trace event subsystems:\n"
 	"      enable\t\t- Write 0/1 to enable/disable tracing of all events\n"

kernel/trace/trace_probe.c

@@ -341,9 +341,9 @@ static int __parse_bitfield_probe_arg(const char *bf,
 int traceprobe_parse_probe_arg(char *arg, ssize_t *size,
 		struct probe_arg *parg, bool is_return, bool is_kprobe)
 {
-	struct fetch_insn *code, *tmp = NULL;
-	const char *t;
-	int ret;
+	struct fetch_insn *code, *scode, *tmp = NULL;
+	char *t, *t2;
+	int ret, len;
 
 	if (strlen(arg) > MAX_ARGSTR_LEN) {
 		pr_info("Argument is too long.: %s\n",  arg);
@@ -354,24 +354,42 @@ int traceprobe_parse_probe_arg(char *arg, ssize_t *size,
 		pr_info("Failed to allocate memory for command '%s'.\n", arg);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
-	t = strchr(parg->comm, ':');
+	t = strchr(arg, ':');
 	if (t) {
-		arg[t - parg->comm] = '\0';
-		t++;
+		*t = '\0';
+		t2 = strchr(++t, '[');
+		if (t2) {
+			*t2 = '\0';
+			parg->count = simple_strtoul(t2 + 1, &t2, 0);
+			if (strcmp(t2, "]") || parg->count == 0)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			if (parg->count > MAX_ARRAY_LEN)
+				return -E2BIG;
+		}
 	}
 	/*
 	 * The default type of $comm should be "string", and it can't be
 	 * dereferenced.
 	 */
 	if (!t && strcmp(arg, "$comm") == 0)
-		t = "string";
-	parg->type = find_fetch_type(t);
+		parg->type = find_fetch_type("string");
+	else
+		parg->type = find_fetch_type(t);
 	if (!parg->type) {
 		pr_info("Unsupported type: %s\n", t);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	parg->offset = *size;
-	*size += parg->type->size;
+	*size += parg->type->size * (parg->count ?: 1);
+
+	if (parg->count) {
+		len = strlen(parg->type->fmttype) + 6;
+		parg->fmt = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!parg->fmt)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		snprintf(parg->fmt, len, "%s[%d]", parg->type->fmttype,
+			 parg->count);
+	}
 
 	code = tmp = kzalloc(sizeof(*code) * FETCH_INSN_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!code)
@@ -391,10 +409,20 @@ int traceprobe_parse_probe_arg(char *arg, ssize_t *size,
 			ret = -EINVAL;
 			goto fail;
 		}
-		/* Since IMM or COMM must be the 1st insn, this is safe */
-		if (code->op == FETCH_OP_IMM || code->op == FETCH_OP_COMM)
+		if (code->op != FETCH_OP_DEREF || parg->count) {
+			/*
+			 * IMM and COMM is pointing actual address, those must
+			 * be kept, and if parg->count != 0, this is an array
+			 * of string pointers instead of string address itself.
+			 */
 			code++;
+			if (code->op != FETCH_OP_NOP) {
+				ret = -E2BIG;
+				goto fail;
+			}
+		}
 		code->op = FETCH_OP_ST_STRING;	/* In DEREF case, replace it */
+		code->size = parg->type->size;
 		parg->dynamic = true;
 	} else if (code->op == FETCH_OP_DEREF) {
 		code->op = FETCH_OP_ST_MEM;
@@ -408,12 +436,29 @@ int traceprobe_parse_probe_arg(char *arg, ssize_t *size,
 		code->op = FETCH_OP_ST_RAW;
 		code->size = parg->type->size;
 	}
+	scode = code;
 	/* Modify operation */
 	if (t != NULL) {
 		ret = __parse_bitfield_probe_arg(t, parg->type, &code);
 		if (ret)
 			goto fail;
 	}
+	/* Loop(Array) operation */
+	if (parg->count) {
+		if (scode->op != FETCH_OP_ST_MEM &&
+		    scode->op != FETCH_OP_ST_STRING) {
+			pr_info("array only accepts memory or address\n");
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto fail;
+		}
+		code++;
+		if (code->op != FETCH_OP_NOP) {
+			ret = -E2BIG;
+			goto fail;
+		}
+		code->op = FETCH_OP_LP_ARRAY;
+		code->param = parg->count;
+	}
 	code++;
 	code->op = FETCH_OP_END;
 
@@ -452,14 +497,17 @@ void traceprobe_free_probe_arg(struct probe_arg *arg)
 	kfree(arg->code);
 	kfree(arg->name);
 	kfree(arg->comm);
+	kfree(arg->fmt);
 }
 
+/* When len=0, we just calculate the needed length */
+#define LEN_OR_ZERO (len ? len - pos : 0)
 static int __set_print_fmt(struct trace_probe *tp, char *buf, int len,
 			   bool is_return)
 {
-	int i;
+	struct probe_arg *parg;
+	int i, j;
 	int pos = 0;
-
 	const char *fmt, *arg;
 
 	if (!is_return) {
@@ -470,33 +518,49 @@ static int __set_print_fmt(struct trace_probe *tp, char *buf, int len,
 		arg = "REC->" FIELD_STRING_FUNC ", REC->" FIELD_STRING_RETIP;
 	}
 
-	/* When len=0, we just calculate the needed length */
-#define LEN_OR_ZERO (len ? len - pos : 0)
-
 	pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "\"%s", fmt);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < tp->nr_args; i++) {
-		pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, " %s=%s",
-				tp->args[i].name, tp->args[i].type->fmt);
+		parg = tp->args + i;
+		pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, " %s=", parg->name);
+		if (parg->count) {
+			pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "{%s",
+					parg->type->fmt);
+			for (j = 1; j < parg->count; j++)
+				pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, ",%s",
+						parg->type->fmt);
+			pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "}");
+		} else
+			pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "%s",
+					parg->type->fmt);
 	}
 
 	pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "\", %s", arg);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < tp->nr_args; i++) {
-		if (strcmp(tp->args[i].type->name, "string") == 0)
+		parg = tp->args + i;
+		if (parg->count) {
+			if (strcmp(parg->type->name, "string") == 0)
+				fmt = ", __get_str(%s[%d])";
+			else
+				fmt = ", REC->%s[%d]";
+			for (j = 0; j < parg->count; j++)
+				pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO,
+						fmt, parg->name, j);
+		} else {
+			if (strcmp(parg->type->name, "string") == 0)
+				fmt = ", __get_str(%s)";
+			else
+				fmt = ", REC->%s";
 			pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO,
-					", __get_str(%s)",
-					tp->args[i].name);
-		else
-			pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, ", REC->%s",
-					tp->args[i].name);
+					fmt, parg->name);
+		}
 	}
 
-#undef LEN_OR_ZERO
-
 	/* return the length of print_fmt */
 	return pos;
 }
+#undef LEN_OR_ZERO
 
 int traceprobe_set_print_fmt(struct trace_probe *tp, bool is_return)
 {
@@ -524,11 +588,15 @@ int traceprobe_define_arg_fields(struct trace_event_call *event_call,
 	/* Set argument names as fields */
 	for (i = 0; i < tp->nr_args; i++) {
 		struct probe_arg *parg = &tp->args[i];
-
-		ret = trace_define_field(event_call, parg->type->fmttype,
-					 parg->name,
-					 offset + parg->offset,
-					 parg->type->size,
+		const char *fmt = parg->type->fmttype;
+		int size = parg->type->size;
+
+		if (parg->fmt)
+			fmt = parg->fmt;
+		if (parg->count)
+			size *= parg->count;
+		ret = trace_define_field(event_call, fmt, parg->name,
+					 offset + parg->offset, size,
 					 parg->type->is_signed,
 					 FILTER_OTHER);
 		if (ret)

kernel/trace/trace_probe.h

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 
 #define MAX_TRACE_ARGS		128
 #define MAX_ARGSTR_LEN		63
+#define MAX_ARRAY_LEN		64
 #define MAX_STRING_SIZE		PATH_MAX
 
 /* Reserved field names */
@@ -65,6 +66,14 @@ static nokprobe_inline void *get_loc_data(u32 *dl, void *ent)
 	return (u8 *)ent + get_loc_offs(*dl);
 }
 
+static nokprobe_inline u32 update_data_loc(u32 loc, int consumed)
+{
+	u32 maxlen = get_loc_len(loc);
+	u32 offset = get_loc_offs(loc);
+
+	return make_data_loc(maxlen - consumed, offset + consumed);
+}
+
 /* Printing function type */
 typedef int (*print_type_func_t)(struct trace_seq *, void *, void *);
 
@@ -86,6 +95,8 @@ enum fetch_op {
 	FETCH_OP_ST_STRING,	/* String: .offset, .size */
 	// Stage 4 (modify) op
 	FETCH_OP_MOD_BF,	/* Bitfield: .basesize, .lshift, .rshift */
+	// Stage 5 (loop) op
+	FETCH_OP_LP_ARRAY,	/* Array: .param = loop count */
 	FETCH_OP_END,
 };
 
@@ -175,6 +186,7 @@ DECLARE_BASIC_PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(symbol);
 	_ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(#ptype, ptype, ftype, sizeof(ftype), sign, atype)
 
 #define ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE_END {}
+#define MAX_ARRAY_LEN	64
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_KPROBE_EVENTS
 bool trace_kprobe_on_func_entry(struct trace_event_call *call);
@@ -195,8 +207,10 @@ struct probe_arg {
 	struct fetch_insn	*code;
 	bool			dynamic;/* Dynamic array (string) is used */
 	unsigned int		offset;	/* Offset from argument entry */
+	unsigned int		count;	/* Array count */
 	const char		*name;	/* Name of this argument */
 	const char		*comm;	/* Command of this argument */
+	char			*fmt;	/* Format string if needed */
 	const struct fetch_type	*type;	/* Type of this argument */
 };
 

kernel/trace/trace_probe_tmpl.h

@@ -67,10 +67,15 @@ static nokprobe_inline int
 process_fetch_insn_bottom(struct fetch_insn *code, unsigned long val,
 			   void *dest, void *base)
 {
-	int ret = 0;
+	struct fetch_insn *s3 = NULL;
+	int total = 0, ret = 0, i = 0;
+	u32 loc = 0;
+	unsigned long lval = val;
 
+stage2:
 	/* 2nd stage: dereference memory if needed */
 	while (code->op == FETCH_OP_DEREF) {
+		lval = val;
 		ret = probe_mem_read(&val, (void *)val + code->offset,
 					sizeof(val));
 		if (ret)
@@ -78,11 +83,15 @@ process_fetch_insn_bottom(struct fetch_insn *code, unsigned long val,
 		code++;
 	}
 
+	s3 = code;
+stage3:
 	/* 3rd stage: store value to buffer */
 	if (unlikely(!dest)) {
-		if (code->op == FETCH_OP_ST_STRING)
-			return fetch_store_strlen(val + code->offset);
-		else
+		if (code->op == FETCH_OP_ST_STRING) {
+			ret += fetch_store_strlen(val + code->offset);
+			code++;
+			goto array;
+		} else
 			return -EILSEQ;
 	}
 
@@ -94,6 +103,7 @@ process_fetch_insn_bottom(struct fetch_insn *code, unsigned long val,
 		probe_mem_read(dest, (void *)val + code->offset, code->size);
 		break;
 	case FETCH_OP_ST_STRING:
+		loc = *(u32 *)dest;
 		ret = fetch_store_string(val + code->offset, dest, base);
 		break;
 	default:
@@ -107,6 +117,29 @@ process_fetch_insn_bottom(struct fetch_insn *code, unsigned long val,
 		code++;
 	}
 
+array:
+	/* the last stage: Loop on array */
+	if (code->op == FETCH_OP_LP_ARRAY) {
+		total += ret;
+		if (++i < code->param) {
+			code = s3;
+			if (s3->op != FETCH_OP_ST_STRING) {
+				dest += s3->size;
+				val += s3->size;
+				goto stage3;
+			}
+			code--;
+			val = lval + sizeof(char *);
+			if (dest) {
+				dest += sizeof(u32);
+				*(u32 *)dest = update_data_loc(loc, ret);
+			}
+			goto stage2;
+		}
+		code++;
+		ret = total;
+	}
+
 	return code->op == FETCH_OP_END ? ret : -EILSEQ;
 }
 
@@ -158,12 +191,26 @@ static inline int
 print_probe_args(struct trace_seq *s, struct probe_arg *args, int nr_args,
 		 u8 *data, void *field)
 {
-	int i;
+	void *p;
+	int i, j;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_args; i++) {
-		trace_seq_printf(s, " %s=", args[i].name);
-		if (!args[i].type->print(s, data + args[i].offset, field))
-			return -ENOMEM;
+		struct probe_arg *a = args + i;
+
+		trace_seq_printf(s, " %s=", a->name);
+		if (likely(!a->count)) {
+			if (!a->type->print(s, data + a->offset, field))
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			continue;
+		}
+		trace_seq_putc(s, '{');
+		p = data + a->offset;
+		for (j = 0; j < a->count; j++) {
+			if (!a->type->print(s, p, field))
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			trace_seq_putc(s, j == a->count - 1 ? '}' : ',');
+			p += a->type->size;
+		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }